Objective To investigate the relationship between the levels of Versican(VCAN)and Cyclin D1(CCND1)in peripheral blood and the progression and prognosis of multiple myeloma(MM).Methods A total of 121 patients with MM(MM group)and 109 healthy volunteers(control group)were selected and admitted to the Department of Hematology of Suzhou Municipal Hospital from January 2018 to May 2022.According to the International Staging System(ISS),the patients with MM were divided into a stage I group(n=46),a stage II group(n=41),and a stage III group(n=34).Real time fluorescence quantitative PCR(RT-PCR)was used to detect the expression levels of VCAN mRNA and CCND1 mRNA in peripheral blood,the patients were followed up for 24 months after discharge to make statistics on the survival of MM patients.The VCAN mRNA and CCND1 mRNA expression in the peripheral blood of MM patients with different ISS was compared.Kaplan-Meier method was used to draw the survival curve of MM,and multi-factor COX proportional regression analysis was established to analyze the factors affecting the prognosis of MM patients.Results The expressions of VCAN mRNA(2.69±0.63)and CCND1 mRNA(3.29±0.63)in peripheral blood of MM group were higher than those of control group(1.32±0.46,1.53±0.37),and the differences were statistically significant(t=18.659,25.473,all P<0.05).The expressions of VCAN mRNA(3.05±0.31)and CCND1 mRNA(3.75±0.21)in peripheral blood of stage Ⅲ group were higher than those of stage Ⅱ(2.76±0.31,3.29±0.36)and stage Ⅰ groups(2.36±0.25,2.95±0.29),and the differences were statistically significant(t=7.626～16.831,all P<0.05).During the follow-up period,1 case was lost to follow-up,36 cases died and 84 cases survived.The overall survival rate of patients with high VCAN mRNA(58.06%)and CCND1 mRNA(57.14%)expression MM was lower than that of patients with low VCAN mRNA(82.76%)and CCND1 mRNA(84.21%),and the differences were statistically significant(χ2=8.727,10.820,all P<0.05).The age of the death group was higher than that of the survival group(t=3.020),ISS stage III,and bone marrow cells proportion≥60%,chromosome karyotype 1q21+proportion,peripheral blood VCAN mRNA and CCND1 mRNA i expression were all higher than those of the survival group(t/χ2=5.988～8.589),and the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05),respectively.Multivariate COX risk ratio analysis,ISS stage III,high expression of VCAN mRNA and CCND1 mRNA were risk factors for death in MM patients during follow-up(Wald χ2=10.672,5.682,5.969,all P<0.05).Conclusion The expression of VCAN mRNA and CCND1 mRNA in peripheral blood of MM patients is significantly increased,which is related to high clinical stage and poor prognosis.

Objective To analyze ultrasonic manifestations of endometrial polypoid adenomyoma based on international endometrial tumor analysis(IETA)terminology.Methods Totally 88 patients with endometrial polypoid adenomyoma confirmed by surgery and pathology were retrospectively enrolled,and the ultrasonic manifestations of lesions were analyzed based on IETA terminology.Results The endometrial thickness in 88 cases of endometrial polypoid adenomyoma ranged from 2 to 21 mm,with an average thickness of(9.1±5.0)mm.A total of 93 lesions were detected,72 in uterine cavity and 21 in cervix.Among 93 lesions,homogeneous hyperecho without cyst was observed in 11 lesions with the maximum diameter of(12.3±4.4)mm,homogeneous echo with small cyst was detected in 7 lesions with the maximum diameter of(19.5±8.9)mm,heterogeneous echo without cyst was observed in 18 lesions,heterogeneous echo with regular cysts was found in 32 lesions with the maximum diameter of(25.8±11.2)mm,heterogeneous echo with irregular cysts was found in 21 lesions with the maximum diameter of(29.4±17.5)mm,and the rest 4 were cystic lesions with the maximum diameter of(53.5±19.1)mm.Blood supply patterns of these lesions were mainly unbranched,multi-vessel co-origin and dispersed origin,and the blood flow scores were 1-3 points in most lesions.Conclusion Endometrial polypoid adenomyoma initially presented as uniform hyperechoic mass with uterine cavity.With progressively enlargement,the lesions might develope cystic formations,primarily consisting of multiple small cysts,which could become enlarged,irregular and hypoechoic,and the lesions became heterogeneous and entrapped in cervix.Meanwhile,predominant cystic pattern might be observed in a few lesions.

Objective:To design a novel model for experiments on in vitro irradiation with radioactive seeds using a treatment planning system (TPS) and 3D printing technology and to preliminarily validate the design scientific rigor of the model via experiments on isodose brachytherapy (BT) and external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) on glioma cells in mice. Methods:The TPS was employed to design the model′s shape and calculate the number and positions of radioactive seeds, and 3D printing technology was utilized to fabricate the experimental model. The GL261 cell line was selected for in vitro irradiation experiments, with the mice divided into the control, EBRT, and BT groups. Mice in the EBRT and BT groups were treated with EBRT and BT, respectively, at doses of 2, 4, and 6 Gy. Then, changes in their cell viability, proliferation, and the level of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) were assessed. Results:The model for in vitro irradiation with radioactive seeds was successfully designed and fabricated. The single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) verified a uniform radioactive distribution within the model, with no significant cold spots. The BT and EBRT groups displayed decreased cell viability with an increase in the radiation dose. Compared to the EBRT group, the BT group exhibited significantly reduced cell viability (51.33% vs. 22.00%, t = 10.94, P < 0.05) and clone counts (172.67 ± 13.11 vs. 53.67 ± 10.22, t = 8.73, P < 0.05), but a significantly increased level of ROS (102.52 ± 6.87 vs. 144.81 ± 6.01, t = -5.26, P < 0.05) at a dose of 6 Gy. Conclusions:An effective model of in vitro irradiation with radioactive seeds is designed based on TPS and 3D printing technology. This provides an experimental model tool and target for research on the BT and EBRT mechanisms.

Objective:To employ single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)/CT for isodose assignment in 125I brachytherapy, assess the correlation between photon counts and dose values, and develop a clinical γ-ray visualization model for 125I brachytherapy. Methods:125I radioactive seeds were filled into a self-made 3D printed stereotactic template to build a stereotactic model. The model was scanned by SPECT/CT for photon counts at 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 cm from the outermost peripheral seeds, and the corresponding dose values were measured using the Treatment Planning System (TPS). The fitting curve for the photon counts and the dose values was plotted using SPSS 27.0 software. Results:The photon counts of γ rays at distances of 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 cm from the peripheral particles were 7 603.57±1 806.35, 4 018.26±1 315.72, 2 074.04±791.53, and 1 080.34±424.79, respectively, showing a significant difference ( F=743.72, P<0.01). The dose values (in Gy) in the TPS at distances of 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 cm from the peripheral particles were 208.05±37.57, 125.43±17.74, 86.76±17.67, and 61.55±14.39, respectively, which were significantly different ( F=930.46, P<0.01). The photon counts were linearly correlated with the dose values ( y=0.02 x+ 46.45, R2=81.2%, P<0.01). Conclusions:SPECT/CT-based γ-ray photon count detection can be used to assign doses for 125I brachytherapy, enabling the visualization of γ rays in 125I brachytherapy. This approach has a distinct advantage over TPS, laying the foundation for the establishment of an alternative system to TPS.

Objective:To evaluate the sample preparation proficiency and storage proficiency of 11 clinical biobanks in Beijing through simulated experiments, and to establish an assessment method for the quality comparability of biological samples.Methods:An exploratory research design was adopted. In November 2023, artificial composite serum quality control materials containing six recombinant human protein markers—recombinant human alanine aminotransferase (rhALT), recombinant human aspartate aminotransferase (rhAST), recombinant human creatine kinase (rhCK), recombinant human creatine kinase-MB (rhCK-MB), recombinant human B-type natriuretic peptide (rhBNP), and recombinant human troponin I (rhTNI)—were distributed to 11 clinical biobanks in Beijing City. Sample preparation and storage followed the standardized operating procedures. Proficiency differences were assessed through statistical analysis.Results:Three-way repeated measures ANOVA revealed all six protein markers showed a declining trend over storage time in ultra-low-temperature environments ( F values 11.68-4 179.66, all P<0.01). However, neither long-term/temporary refrigerator types ( F values 0.01-1.23, all P>0.05)nor placement locations within refrigerators significantly affected the stability of these six proteins ( F valus 0.03-1.47, all P>0.05). The biases in detection results for rhALT, rhAST, rhTNI, and rhBNP at different storage time points were within the allowable bias limits for each item, supporting their use as markers for protein stability in biobank samples. All 11 institutions passed the storage proficiency assessment. In the preparation proficiency assessment, deviations were observed in post-preparation sample results, with a notably high out-of-control rate for rhCK (36.36%). Conclusion:Sample preparation proficiency can serve as a quality control metric for clinical biobanks. Future external quality assessment systems for biobanks should focus on sample preparation rather than storage processes.

Objective Develop a general patient-reported outcome(PRO)measure for cancer patients,which will be suitable for Chinese demographic characteristics.It can reflect disease burden from patients' perspective.Methods Theoretical framework of the PRO measure was constructed according to the PRO guide draft.The initial version of the PRO measure was formed after literature search,experts' consultation,and recognition tests of patients.The pre-survey and formal survey were conducted respectively in provincial,municipal,county level hospitals.Items were screened by the combination of classical test theory and item response theory.Its reliability,validity and feasibility were analyzed.The minimal detectable change of three domains were estimated using a distribution-based methods.Results A total of 2213 valid questionnaires were collected.The demographic data of cancer patients and non-cancer patients were comparable(P＞0.05).19 items were deleted after classical test theory.Item responsiveness of four disease systems were analyzed by the Bayesian item response theory.Four items were deleted.The formal PRO measure included 4 domains,13 dimensions and 49 items.And its reliability,validity and feasibility results met the expected criteria.The minimal detectable change in physiological,psychological and social domains were 5.63,3.42 and 4.16,respectively.Conclusion The general PRO measure for cancer patients was reliable and feasible.The tool can effectively measure and evaluate the quality of life for cancer patients.

Objective To analyze ultrasonic manifestations of endometrial polypoid adenomyoma based on international endometrial tumor analysis(IETA)terminology.Methods Totally 88 patients with endometrial polypoid adenomyoma confirmed by surgery and pathology were retrospectively enrolled,and the ultrasonic manifestations of lesions were analyzed based on IETA terminology.Results The endometrial thickness in 88 cases of endometrial polypoid adenomyoma ranged from 2 to 21 mm,with an average thickness of(9.1±5.0)mm.A total of 93 lesions were detected,72 in uterine cavity and 21 in cervix.Among 93 lesions,homogeneous hyperecho without cyst was observed in 11 lesions with the maximum diameter of(12.3±4.4)mm,homogeneous echo with small cyst was detected in 7 lesions with the maximum diameter of(19.5±8.9)mm,heterogeneous echo without cyst was observed in 18 lesions,heterogeneous echo with regular cysts was found in 32 lesions with the maximum diameter of(25.8±11.2)mm,heterogeneous echo with irregular cysts was found in 21 lesions with the maximum diameter of(29.4±17.5)mm,and the rest 4 were cystic lesions with the maximum diameter of(53.5±19.1)mm.Blood supply patterns of these lesions were mainly unbranched,multi-vessel co-origin and dispersed origin,and the blood flow scores were 1-3 points in most lesions.Conclusion Endometrial polypoid adenomyoma initially presented as uniform hyperechoic mass with uterine cavity.With progressively enlargement,the lesions might develope cystic formations,primarily consisting of multiple small cysts,which could become enlarged,irregular and hypoechoic,and the lesions became heterogeneous and entrapped in cervix.Meanwhile,predominant cystic pattern might be observed in a few lesions.

Various growth factors are key molecules in wound healing and exert regulatory effects at all stages of healing. Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs), with their prominent pro-growth activity, play a crucial role in promoting proliferation during the proliferative phase of wound healing. By binding to fibroblast growth factor receptors, FGFs activate downstream signaling pathways to regulate wound inflammation, reduce oxidative stress, promote cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and extracellular matrix remodeling. This facilitates the transition of wounds from the " inflammatory phase" to the " proliferative phase" and enhances proliferative healing. The clinical therapeutic value of FGFs in acute and chronic wounds has been widely confirmed, but their full efficacy is limited by issues such as short half-life and poor delivery efficiency. Research focusing on innovative FGF delivery materials and molecular modification strategies will become a key direction to break through current therapeutic bottlenecks and unlock their greater therapeutic potential.

Objective Develop a general patient-reported outcome(PRO)measure for cancer patients,which will be suitable for Chinese demographic characteristics.It can reflect disease burden from patients' perspective.Methods Theoretical framework of the PRO measure was constructed according to the PRO guide draft.The initial version of the PRO measure was formed after literature search,experts' consultation,and recognition tests of patients.The pre-survey and formal survey were conducted respectively in provincial,municipal,county level hospitals.Items were screened by the combination of classical test theory and item response theory.Its reliability,validity and feasibility were analyzed.The minimal detectable change of three domains were estimated using a distribution-based methods.Results A total of 2213 valid questionnaires were collected.The demographic data of cancer patients and non-cancer patients were comparable(P＞0.05).19 items were deleted after classical test theory.Item responsiveness of four disease systems were analyzed by the Bayesian item response theory.Four items were deleted.The formal PRO measure included 4 domains,13 dimensions and 49 items.And its reliability,validity and feasibility results met the expected criteria.The minimal detectable change in physiological,psychological and social domains were 5.63,3.42 and 4.16,respectively.Conclusion The general PRO measure for cancer patients was reliable and feasible.The tool can effectively measure and evaluate the quality of life for cancer patients.

Objective:To design a novel model for experiments on in vitro irradiation with radioactive seeds using a treatment planning system (TPS) and 3D printing technology and to preliminarily validate the design scientific rigor of the model via experiments on isodose brachytherapy (BT) and external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) on glioma cells in mice. Methods:The TPS was employed to design the model′s shape and calculate the number and positions of radioactive seeds, and 3D printing technology was utilized to fabricate the experimental model. The GL261 cell line was selected for in vitro irradiation experiments, with the mice divided into the control, EBRT, and BT groups. Mice in the EBRT and BT groups were treated with EBRT and BT, respectively, at doses of 2, 4, and 6 Gy. Then, changes in their cell viability, proliferation, and the level of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) were assessed. Results:The model for in vitro irradiation with radioactive seeds was successfully designed and fabricated. The single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) verified a uniform radioactive distribution within the model, with no significant cold spots. The BT and EBRT groups displayed decreased cell viability with an increase in the radiation dose. Compared to the EBRT group, the BT group exhibited significantly reduced cell viability (51.33% vs. 22.00%, t = 10.94, P < 0.05) and clone counts (172.67 ± 13.11 vs. 53.67 ± 10.22, t = 8.73, P < 0.05), but a significantly increased level of ROS (102.52 ± 6.87 vs. 144.81 ± 6.01, t = -5.26, P < 0.05) at a dose of 6 Gy. Conclusions:An effective model of in vitro irradiation with radioactive seeds is designed based on TPS and 3D printing technology. This provides an experimental model tool and target for research on the BT and EBRT mechanisms.