Background and aims:Kehuang(KH)capsule is an herbal medical product approved for the treatment of liver diseases,including liver injury,in China.However,the mechanism is still unclear.This study aimed to elucidate the protective effects of KH capsule against carbon tetrachloride(CCl4)-induced acute liver injury(ALI)in a murine model.Methods:Mice were randomly divided into control,model(CCl4),CCl4+KH_Low and CCl4+KH_High group.Liver enzyme levels and histological changes were assessed to evaluate liver injury.Oxidative stress markers and inflammatory cell infiltration in liver tissues were measured.Additionally,network pharmacology was employed to explore the potential mechanisms of KH capsule.Results:KH capsule significantly reduced serum alanine aminotransferase(ALT)and aspartate amino-transferase(AST)levels,as well as the necrotic area in liver tissue.KH capsule also decreased the infil-tration of macrophages and neutrophils,thereby inhibiting the expression of interleukin-6(IL-6),tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α),and interleukin-1 beta(IL-1β).Furthermore,KH capsule decreased liver malondialdehyde(MDA)levels and increased superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity.The number of ter-minal deoxynucleotidyl transferase(TdT)-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling(TUNEL)-positive cells in liver tissue was also reduced.The expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2 related factor 2(Nrf2)and heme oxygenase-1(HO-1)proteins was significantly elevated,while the protein expression of cyto-chrome P450 2E1(CYP2E1)was significantly reduced.Mass spectrometry identified genistein,galangin,wogonin,skullcapflavone Ⅱ,and hispidulin as potential active ingredients of KH capsule.Network pharmacology analysis revealed enrichment in the mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI3K)-protein kinase B(AKT)signaling pathways.Western blot analysis confirmed that KH capsule suppressed AKT,extracellular signal-regulated kinase(ERK),and p38 signaling.Conclusions:These findings suggest that KH capsule could exert protective effects against CCl4-induced ALI,with the inhibition of MAPK and PI3K-AKT signaling pathways playing a crucial role in its mecha-nism of action.

Blood pressure is A key factor for the prognosis of survivors of aortic dissection. Exercise plays an irreplaceable role in improving blood pressure of Stanford type A aortic dissection survivors. However, Stanford type A aortic dissection survivors generally have the problem of reduced physical activity, which is often ignored by many medical workers and patients. This paper focused on the mechanism, benefits, sports content and intervention strategies of exercise therapy in improving blood pressure in survivors of acute Stanford Type A aortic dissection, in order to improve the attention of medical workers to exercise in survivors of acute Stanford type A aortic dissection survivors to develop exercise program to provide some guidance.

Allografts ; COVID-19 ; China/epidemiology* ; Disease Outbreaks ; Humans ; Kidney Transplantation/adverse effects* ; SARS-CoV-2

The 5-HTreceptor agonist 8-hydroxy-2-[di--propylamino] tetralin (8-OH-DPAT) promotes ejaculation of male rats, whereas dapoxetine delays this process. However, the gene expression profile of the brain at ejaculation following administrationof these two compounds has not been fully elucidated. In the present study, a transcriptomic BodyMap was generated by conducting mRNA-Seq on brain samples of male Sprague-Dawley rats. The study included four groups: pre-copulatory control (CK) group, ejaculation (EJ) group, 0.5 mg/kg 8-OH-DPAT-ejaculation group (DPAT), and 60 mg/kg dapoxetine-ejaculation (DAP) group. The resulting analysis generated an average of approximately 47 million sequence reads. Significant differences in the gene expression profiles of the aforementioned groups were observed in the EJ (257 genes), DPAT (349 genes) and the DAP (207 genes) compared with the control rats. The results indicate that the expression ofandwas significantly different after treatment with 8-OH-DPAT, whereas the expression ofwas significantly different after treatment with dapoxetine. Other genes, such as,and, exhibited significant differences in expression after the two treatments and are related to bladder cancer, renal cell carcinoma and sexual addiction. The present study reveals the basic pattern of gene expression that was activated at ejaculation in the presence of 8-OH-DPAT or dapoxetine, providing preliminary gene expression information during rat ejaculation.

Mogrosides and steroid saponins are tetracyclic triterpenoids found in. Squalene synthase (SQS) and cycloartenol synthase (CAS) are key enzymes in triterpenoid and steroid biosynthesis. In this study, full-length cDNAs ofandwere cloned by a rapid amplification of cDNA-ends with polymerase chain reaction (RACE-PCR) approach. ThecDNA has a 1254 bp open reading frame (ORF) encoding 417 amino acids, and thecDNA contains a 2298 bp ORF encoding 765 amino acids. Bioinformatic analysis showed that the deduced SgSQS protein has two transmembrane regions in the C-terminal. Bothandhave significantly higher levels in fruits than in other tissues, suggesting that steroids and mogrosides are competitors for the same precursors in fruits. Combinedprediction and subcellular localization, experiments in tobacco indicated that SgSQS was probably in the cytoplasm or on the cytoskeleton, and SgCAS was likely located in the nucleus or cytosol. These results will provide a foundation for further study ofandgene functions in, and may facilitate improvements in mogroside content in fruit by regulating gene expression.

OBJECTIVETo study the clinicopathologic features and differential diagnosis of alveolar soft part sarcoma (ASPS).

METHODSThe clinical data and pathologic features of 48 cases of ASPS were evaluated. Immunohistochemical study, PAS staining and fluorescence in-situ hybridization (FISH) were carried out in selected examples. Relevant literature was reviewed.

RESULTSAmongst the 48 cases studied, there were 17 males and 31 females, with male-to-female ratio of 1.0∶1.8. The age of patients ranged from 2 to 60 years (median=26 years). The tumor was most commonly located in deep soft tissue, especially that of lower extremities. Histologically, the tumor cells were arranged in alveolar or solid patterns and separated by sinusoidal vessels. They were large and contained abundant eosinophilic granules or crystals in cytoplasm. The nuclei were round to polygonal and vesicular, often with prominent nucleoli. Intravascular tumor extension was common. Some cases showed necrosis, hemorrhage and cystic changes. Immunohistochemical study showed that the tumor cells were positive for TFE3 (100%, 33/33). FISH assay was carried out in 4 cases and all of them had TFE3-ASPL gene fusion.

CONCLUSIONSASPS is a rare malignant neoplasm, often occurs in young patients. TFE3 is a useful immunohistochemical marker for diagnosis. The diagnosis is further confirmed by other markers.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors ; genetics ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Gene Fusion ; Humans ; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Oncogene Proteins, Fusion ; genetics ; Sarcoma, Alveolar Soft Part ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Young Adult

CYP450 plays an essential role in the development and growth of the fruits of. However, little is known about thegene in. Here, based on transcriptome data, a full-length cDNA sequence ofwas cloned by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and rapid-amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) strategies.is 1677 bp in length (GenBank accession No. AEM42985.1) and contains a complete open reading frame (ORF) of 1422 bp. The deduced protein was composed of 473 amino acids, the molecular weight is 54.01 kDa, the theoretical isoelectric point (PI) is 8.8, and the protein was predicted to possess cytochrome P450 domains.gene was highly expressed in root, diploid fruit and fruit treated with hormone and pollination. At 10 days after treatment with pollination and hormones, the expression of Sghad the highest level and then decreased over time, which was consistent with the development of fruits of. Hormonal treatment could significantly induce the expression of. These results provide a reference for regulation of fruit development and the use of parthenocarpy to generate seedless fruit, and provide a scientific basis for the production of growth regulator application agents.

Objective To evaluate the long?term effect of the comprehensive control strategy for schistosomiasis with empha?sis on infectious source control in marshland?type endemic areas of Poyang Lake. Methods Three heavy endemic villages with schistosomiasis in the lake areas were selected as pilots for the comprehensive control strategy which included replacing bovine with tractors and forbidding grazing on marshlands. The data of schistosome infections of residents and Oncomelania hupensis snails were collected and analyzed statistically from 2009 to 2014. Results There were no patients with schistosomiasis through feces examinations in the 3 pilot villages. The average density of live snails in Niuzhou marshland showed a decline trend and the density was stable in Liulingwei marshland. There were no infected snails in the 2 marshlands and no schistosome adult worms were found in the sentinel rats Conclusion The implantation of the comprehensive control strategy for schistosomiasis with em?phasis on infectious source control can control the prevalence of schistosomiasis during a long period.