In order to meet the need of autonomous control of patients with severe limb disorders, this paper designs a nursing bed control system based on motor imagery-brain computer interface (MI-BCI). In view of the low decoding performance of cross-subjects and the dynamic fluctuation of cognitive state in the existing MI-BCI technology, the neural network structure optimization and user interaction feedback enhancement are improved. Firstly, the optimized dual-branch graph convolution multi-scale neural network integrates dynamic graph convolution and multi-scale convolution. The average classification accuracy is higher than that of multi-scale attention temporal convolution network, Gram angle field combined with convolution long short term memory hybrid network, Transformer-based graph convolution network and other existing methods. Secondly, a dual visual feedback mechanism is constructed, in which electroencephalogram (EEG) topographic map feedback can improve the discrimination of spatial patterns, and attention state feedback can enhance the temporal stability of signals. Compared with the single EEG topographic map feedback and non-feedback system, the average classification accuracy of the proposed method is also greatly improved. Finally, in the four classification control task of nursing bed, the average control accuracy of the system is 90.84%, and the information transmission rate is 84.78 bits/min. In summary, this paper provides a reliable technical solution for improving the autonomous interaction ability of patients with severe limb disorders, which has important theoretical significance and application value.
Humans ; Brain-Computer Interfaces ; Deep Learning ; Electroencephalography ; Feedback, Sensory ; Neural Networks, Computer ; Beds

Objective:To investigate the efficacy of rigid ureteroscopic laser lithotripsy combined with N-trap(RULL+N-trap),which is scoop-shaped,in the treatment of ureteral stones with a maximum diameter ≥1.5 cm.Methods:This retrospective cohort study included patients diagnosed with ureteral calculi who underwent rigid ureteroscopic lithotripsy(RULL)combined with N-Trap stone entrapment system at the Department of Urology,Peking University Third Hospital,by the same surgical team between June 2021 and September 2024.A total of 364 patients were initially enrolled.After excluding 21 patients due to missing critical outcome variables,two distinct cohorts were established:38 patients with ureteral stones measuring ≥1.5 cm in maximum diameter,and 305 patients with stones＜1.5 cm in maximum diameter.To minimize selection bias and control for confounding variables,propensity score matching(PSM)was employed.This resulted in two well-balanced groups:31 patients with stones 1.5 cm in maximum diameter and 31 patients with stones＜1.5 cm in maximum diameter,matched on baseline demographic and clinical characteristics.The primary outcomes assessed between the two groups included stone clearance.Secondary outcomes included changes in renal function indicators,specifically serum creatinine(SCr)and estimated glomerular filtration rate(GFR),and other factors like postopera-tive hospital stay and operative time.Results:In the matched cohort,the patients with stones ≥1.5 cm in maximum diameter had significantly longer operative time compared with those with smaller stones:(85.8±28.8)min vs.(62.4±24.6)min(P＜0.05).Postoperative length of hospital stay showed no significant difference:(2.26±1.79)d vs.(2.03±0.80)d(P＞0.05).The stone clearance on postoperative day one was 90.3％in the study group vs.100.0％in the control group(P＞0.05).One month postoperatively,the stone clearance was 93.5％vs.100.0％,respectively(P＞0.05).Changes in SCr were(-6.58±16.10)μmol/L vs.(-13.70±12.50)μmol/L,and changes in GFR were(5.92±14.90)mL/(min·1.73 m2)vs.(7.47±11.20)m L/(min·1.73 m2),with no statistically significant differences observed between the two groups for either renal function marker(P＞0.05).Conclusion:Ureteroscopic lithotripsy combined with N-trap is an optional method for treating ureteral stones with a maximum diameter ≥1.5 cm.The overall therapeutic efficacy is comparable,with the added benefit of significantly reducing the economic burden on patients.

HDAC7, a member of class IIa HDACs, plays a pivotal regulatory role in tumor, immune, fibrosis, and angiogenesis, rendering it a potential therapeutic target. Nevertheless, due to the high similarity in the enzyme active sites of class IIa HDACs, inhibitors encounter challenges in discerning differences among them. Furthermore, the substitution of key residue in the active pocket of class IIa HDACs renders them pseudo-enzymes, leading to a limited impact of enzymatic inhibitors on their function. In this study, proteolysis targeting chimera (PROTAC) technology was employed to develop HDAC7 drugs. We developed an exceedingly selective HDAC7 PROTAC degrader B14 which showcased superior inhibitory effects on cell proliferation compared to TMP269 in various diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells. Subsequent investigations unveiled that B14 disrupts BCL6 forming a transcriptional inhibition complex by degrading HDAC7, thereby exerting proliferative inhibition in DLBCL. Our study broadened the understanding of the non-enzymatic functions of HDAC7 and underscored the importance of HDAC7 in the treatment of hematologic malignancies, particularly in DLBCL and AML.

Renal cell carcinoma（RCC）has a relatively high incidence among genitourinary malignancies and therefore occupies a pivotal position in the diagnosis and treatment of urological tumors. Its staging，grading，and corresponding therapeutic strategies have been relatively well established. However，in clinical practice，we have observed that a subset of patients with RCC，preoperatively diagnosed as stage T1 based on imaging，are found on postoperative pathology after partial nephrectomy to have tumor extension into the renal sinus，resulting in pathological upstaging（cT 1/pT 3a）. Multiple studies have demonstrated that the overall prognosis of cT 1/pT 3a patients undergoing partial nephrectomy is inferior to that of cT 1/pT 1 patients，but shows no significant difference compared with cT 1/pT 3a patients treated with radical nephrectomy. Moreover，partial nephrectomy offers clear advantages over radical nephrectomy in terms of intraoperative blood loss and preservation of renal function parameters such as estimated glomerular filtration rate（eGFR）and serum creatinine，which translate into improved quality of life. In addition，this paper introduces predictive methods for pathological upstaging in partial RCC，including novel imaging-based approaches such as the contour irregular degree（CID）on computed tomography（CT），histopathological predictors such as Fuhrman grading，and the preliminary application of machine learning in enhancing diagnostic accuracy.

Objective We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Shengxuebao Mixture in the treatment of cancer-related anemia(CRA)presenting with syndrome of deficiency of liver and kidney combined with syndrome of deficiency of both qi and blood.Methods A randomized,double-blind,placebo-controlled,multicenter clinical trial was conducted.Eligible patients with malignant tumors meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria were enrolled from 26 hospitals,including Dongzhimen Hospital,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,Xiaogan Central Hospital,and Yangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine,from June 1,2022,to September 30,2024.Patients were allocated 1:1 to either the experimental group receiving Shengxuebao Mixture or the control group receiving its simulator(placebo)using a block randomization method under double-blind conditions.Both groups received 15 mL orally three times daily for 28 consecutive days.The primary efficacy indicators included the hemoglobin(Hb)improvement rate(RHb)and the traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndrome improvement rate(RTCM)at week 4 of treatment.The secondary efficacy indicators encompassed Hb and red blood cell(RBC)count,Karnofsky Performance Status(KPS)score,TCM syndrome score,individual TCM symptom scores,and changes in each of these indicators compared to the baseline period at weeks 2,4,and 6 of treatment.Safety evaluations were conducted at week 4 of treatment.Results A total of 239 patients were enrolled,with 225 cases included in the Full Analysis Set(FAS)(109 in the experimental group vs.116 control group),163 in the Per Protocol Set(PPS)(77 vs.86),and 225 in the Safety Set(SS)(109 vs.116).Baseline characteristics between groups showed no significant differences.Significant differences were observed between the experimental and control groups in RHb at week 4(FAS:49.51%vs.35.24%,P<0.05;PPS:53.25%vs.36.05%,P<0.05)and RTCM at week 4(FAS:61.54%vs.39.62%,P<0.01;PPS:64.94%vs.40.70%,P<0.01).At weeks 2,4,and 6,the experimental group showed greater improvements in Hb and RBC counts than the control group.Additionally,the TCM syndrome scores were lower in the experimental group than in the control group at these time points.Except for week 2 in PPS,the KPS improvement was better in the experimental group than in the control group(P<0.05).The experimental group also demonstrated a greater reduction in scores for individual TCM symptoms such as spiritlessness and weakness,poor appetite and reduced food intake at weeks 4 and 6 compared to the control group(P<0.05,P<0.01).Furthermore,the reduction in vertigo score was more pronounced in the experimental group at week 6(P<0.01).For the score of pale and lusterless complexion,only in the PPS was the reduction from baseline more significant in the experimental group than in the control group at weeks 4 and 6(P<0.05).No significant differences were observed between the experimental and control groups in the incidence of all adverse events or drug-related adverse reactions.Conclusion Shengxuebao Mixture demonstrates significant efficacy in patients with CRA presenting syndrome of deficiency of liver and kidney combined with syndrome of deficiency of both qi and blood,effectively increasing Hb levels,ameliorating TCM syndromes,alleviating clinical symptoms,and enhancing functional status,with no significant difference in adverse drug reactions compared to the placebo.

Objective:To investigate the efficacy of rigid ureteroscopic laser lithotripsy combined with N-trap(RULL+N-trap),which is scoop-shaped,in the treatment of ureteral stones with a maximum diameter ≥1.5 cm.Methods:This retrospective cohort study included patients diagnosed with ureteral calculi who underwent rigid ureteroscopic lithotripsy(RULL)combined with N-Trap stone entrapment system at the Department of Urology,Peking University Third Hospital,by the same surgical team between June 2021 and September 2024.A total of 364 patients were initially enrolled.After excluding 21 patients due to missing critical outcome variables,two distinct cohorts were established:38 patients with ureteral stones measuring ≥1.5 cm in maximum diameter,and 305 patients with stones＜1.5 cm in maximum diameter.To minimize selection bias and control for confounding variables,propensity score matching(PSM)was employed.This resulted in two well-balanced groups:31 patients with stones 1.5 cm in maximum diameter and 31 patients with stones＜1.5 cm in maximum diameter,matched on baseline demographic and clinical characteristics.The primary outcomes assessed between the two groups included stone clearance.Secondary outcomes included changes in renal function indicators,specifically serum creatinine(SCr)and estimated glomerular filtration rate(GFR),and other factors like postopera-tive hospital stay and operative time.Results:In the matched cohort,the patients with stones ≥1.5 cm in maximum diameter had significantly longer operative time compared with those with smaller stones:(85.8±28.8)min vs.(62.4±24.6)min(P＜0.05).Postoperative length of hospital stay showed no significant difference:(2.26±1.79)d vs.(2.03±0.80)d(P＞0.05).The stone clearance on postoperative day one was 90.3％in the study group vs.100.0％in the control group(P＞0.05).One month postoperatively,the stone clearance was 93.5％vs.100.0％,respectively(P＞0.05).Changes in SCr were(-6.58±16.10)μmol/L vs.(-13.70±12.50)μmol/L,and changes in GFR were(5.92±14.90)mL/(min·1.73 m2)vs.(7.47±11.20)m L/(min·1.73 m2),with no statistically significant differences observed between the two groups for either renal function marker(P＞0.05).Conclusion:Ureteroscopic lithotripsy combined with N-trap is an optional method for treating ureteral stones with a maximum diameter ≥1.5 cm.The overall therapeutic efficacy is comparable,with the added benefit of significantly reducing the economic burden on patients.

Objective We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Shengxuebao Mixture in the treatment of cancer-related anemia(CRA)presenting with syndrome of deficiency of liver and kidney combined with syndrome of deficiency of both qi and blood.Methods A randomized,double-blind,placebo-controlled,multicenter clinical trial was conducted.Eligible patients with malignant tumors meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria were enrolled from 26 hospitals,including Dongzhimen Hospital,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,Xiaogan Central Hospital,and Yangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine,from June 1,2022,to September 30,2024.Patients were allocated 1:1 to either the experimental group receiving Shengxuebao Mixture or the control group receiving its simulator(placebo)using a block randomization method under double-blind conditions.Both groups received 15 mL orally three times daily for 28 consecutive days.The primary efficacy indicators included the hemoglobin(Hb)improvement rate(RHb)and the traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndrome improvement rate(RTCM)at week 4 of treatment.The secondary efficacy indicators encompassed Hb and red blood cell(RBC)count,Karnofsky Performance Status(KPS)score,TCM syndrome score,individual TCM symptom scores,and changes in each of these indicators compared to the baseline period at weeks 2,4,and 6 of treatment.Safety evaluations were conducted at week 4 of treatment.Results A total of 239 patients were enrolled,with 225 cases included in the Full Analysis Set(FAS)(109 in the experimental group vs.116 control group),163 in the Per Protocol Set(PPS)(77 vs.86),and 225 in the Safety Set(SS)(109 vs.116).Baseline characteristics between groups showed no significant differences.Significant differences were observed between the experimental and control groups in RHb at week 4(FAS:49.51%vs.35.24%,P<0.05;PPS:53.25%vs.36.05%,P<0.05)and RTCM at week 4(FAS:61.54%vs.39.62%,P<0.01;PPS:64.94%vs.40.70%,P<0.01).At weeks 2,4,and 6,the experimental group showed greater improvements in Hb and RBC counts than the control group.Additionally,the TCM syndrome scores were lower in the experimental group than in the control group at these time points.Except for week 2 in PPS,the KPS improvement was better in the experimental group than in the control group(P<0.05).The experimental group also demonstrated a greater reduction in scores for individual TCM symptoms such as spiritlessness and weakness,poor appetite and reduced food intake at weeks 4 and 6 compared to the control group(P<0.05,P<0.01).Furthermore,the reduction in vertigo score was more pronounced in the experimental group at week 6(P<0.01).For the score of pale and lusterless complexion,only in the PPS was the reduction from baseline more significant in the experimental group than in the control group at weeks 4 and 6(P<0.05).No significant differences were observed between the experimental and control groups in the incidence of all adverse events or drug-related adverse reactions.Conclusion Shengxuebao Mixture demonstrates significant efficacy in patients with CRA presenting syndrome of deficiency of liver and kidney combined with syndrome of deficiency of both qi and blood,effectively increasing Hb levels,ameliorating TCM syndromes,alleviating clinical symptoms,and enhancing functional status,with no significant difference in adverse drug reactions compared to the placebo.

Renal cell carcinoma（RCC）has a relatively high incidence among genitourinary malignancies and therefore occupies a pivotal position in the diagnosis and treatment of urological tumors. Its staging，grading，and corresponding therapeutic strategies have been relatively well established. However，in clinical practice，we have observed that a subset of patients with RCC，preoperatively diagnosed as stage T1 based on imaging，are found on postoperative pathology after partial nephrectomy to have tumor extension into the renal sinus，resulting in pathological upstaging（cT 1/pT 3a）. Multiple studies have demonstrated that the overall prognosis of cT 1/pT 3a patients undergoing partial nephrectomy is inferior to that of cT 1/pT 1 patients，but shows no significant difference compared with cT 1/pT 3a patients treated with radical nephrectomy. Moreover，partial nephrectomy offers clear advantages over radical nephrectomy in terms of intraoperative blood loss and preservation of renal function parameters such as estimated glomerular filtration rate（eGFR）and serum creatinine，which translate into improved quality of life. In addition，this paper introduces predictive methods for pathological upstaging in partial RCC，including novel imaging-based approaches such as the contour irregular degree（CID）on computed tomography（CT），histopathological predictors such as Fuhrman grading，and the preliminary application of machine learning in enhancing diagnostic accuracy.

In this study, a new in situ film of compound iodine oral spray was prepared by in situ gel technology, which was used to exert sustained-release effect for promoting the repair of oral ulcer wounds. Firstly, the formulation and process of the spray solution were optimized according to the spray state and film-forming time. The drug-liquid mixing ratio was evaluated by film-forming time and drug film adhesion. The drug content, stability, pH, and spraying effect of compound iodine oral spray prepared by the optimal formulation were investigated; and the physicochemical properties, including film formation time, solubility, hygroscopicity, moisture retention and in vitro release of drug film were evaluated. In addition, the biocompatibility of the film-forming materials and proliferation ability of drug film were investigated by cell experiment. Through the rabbit oral ulcer model, the in vivo film-forming and repair-promoting effects of compound iodine oral spray were evaluated. The results showed that the pH of liquid A and liquid B prepared were 6.21±0.02 and 6.42±0.03, respectively, which were in line with the normal pH range of oral mucosa; liquid A and liquid B had good stability and spray state; the iodine content in solution B was (1.96±0.01) mg/mL; the in situ membrane formation time in vitro and in the oral cavity were (118.3±3.6) s and (133.3±4.6) s, respectively; the 24-hour dissolution rate was (87.31±1.74)%, the moisture absorption rate was (124.17±7.13)%, and the moisture retention rate was (26.85±2.50)%; the iodine content in the oral spray was (47.42±0.39) mg/g, with good flexibility and adhesion, as well as some slow-release effect. In cell experiment, the film-forming materials showed good biocompatibility and growth promotion ability. The results of the rabbit oral ulcer experiment showed that the compound iodine oral spray could rapidly form a film in vivo and significantly promote the repair of oral ulcer. In conclusion, the compound iodine oral spray in situ film with a stable preparation process can effectively promote the repair of oral ulcer wounds, which provides a new idea for the research of novel oral mucosa formulations, with a good prospect of transfer.