Objective　: To investigate the activity concentrations of natural radionuclides in drinking water (tap water andwell water) in urban and rural areas of Hohhot, assess the safety of drinking water, and to provide data support for localdrinking water radioactivity monitoring and management. Methods　: Representative samples of well water and tap waterwere collected from nine banners/counties/districts in Hohhot. Activity concentrations were measured using a low-back-ground gross α/β counter, an α spectrometer, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, and a radium/radon analyzer. Results　: A total of nine tap water samples and nine well water samples were analyzed. For the tap water samples, gross αactivity concentrations ranged from 0.093 to 0.193 Bq/L, gross β from 0.091 to 0.225 Bq/L, uranium mass concentrationsfrom 2.32 to 10.36 μg/L, thorium mass concentrations from 0.09 to 0.20 μg/L,210Po activity concentrations from below theminimum detectable limit to 0.41 mBq/L, and 226Ra activity concentrations from 8.70 to 13.35 mBq/L. For the well watersamples, gross α activity concentrations ranged from 0.111 to 0.203 Bq/L, gross β from 0.111 to 0.270 Bq/L, uranium massconcentrations from 2.31 to 13.28 μg/L, thorium mass concentrations from 0.17 to 0.26 μg/L,210Po activity concentrationsfrom 1.03 to 2.12 mBq/L, and 226Ra activity concentrations from 15.38 to 23.63 mBq/L. Conclusion　 The activityconcen-trations of natural radionuclides in both well water and tap water in the Hohhot region were at environmental backgroundlevels and met national drinking water hygiene standards.

This study analyzed the epidemiological characteristics and trends of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infections among inpatients with acute respiratory infections (ARI) in a children′s hospital in Shenzhen City inpatients from 2020 to 2023. From January 2020 to December 2023, multiple reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) combined with capillary electrophoresis fragment analysis technology was used to detect the nucleic acids of 12 respiratory pathogens, including RSV, in hospitalized children diagnosed with ARI. The patients were divided into six age groups: 0 to <6 months, 6 months to <1 year, 1 to <2 years, 2 to <5 years, 5 to <10 years, and 10 to <18 years. A total of 53 033 children were tested, including 6 830 RSV positive cases, with an overall positivity rate of 12.88%. The annual RSV positivity rates from 2020 to 2023 were 20.04%, 16.18%, 4.89%, and 13.33%, respectively, with statistically significant differences between the years ( χ2=1 185.994, P<0.001). The positive rate of RSV detection decreased with increasing age across all years (all P trend<0.05). From 2020 to 2023, the proportion of RSV-positive cases aged 2 to 5 years and older showed an increasing trend ( P trend<0.001 for all years). Compared to 2023, the median age of RSV-infected children was lower in 2020 ( Z=7.826, P<0.001) and 2021 ( Z=6.106, P<0.001). The proportion of severe infections requiring ICU admission did not change significantly across all years ( χ2=0.179, P=0.981). The RSV epidemic season in 2020 mainly occurred during 28-43 weeks, and in 2021, it spanned from 22-43 weeks. However, in 2022, the season was delayed until the 49th week and lasted for three weeks. In 2023, the seasonal epidemic appeared earlier, starting in the 14th week and lasting for 28 weeks. From 2020 to 2023, the rate of RSV co-infections with other pathogens (mycoplasma pneumoniae, human parainfluenza virus, human bocavirus, human coronavirus, human metapneumovirus, and influenza A) significantly increased (all P trend<0.01). In conclusion, the epidemiological characteristics of RSV infections in Shenzhen Children′s Hospital changed from 2020 to 2023. In 2022, there were only delayed, low-intensity and short-lived seasonal epidemics. However, in 2023, there was an earlier and prolonged epidemic, with increased infections in children aged 2 to 5 years and older and a rise in co-infections, while the proportion of severe infections requiring ICU admission remained unchanged.

This study analyzed the epidemiological characteristics and trends of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infections among inpatients with acute respiratory infections (ARI) in a children′s hospital in Shenzhen City inpatients from 2020 to 2023. From January 2020 to December 2023, multiple reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) combined with capillary electrophoresis fragment analysis technology was used to detect the nucleic acids of 12 respiratory pathogens, including RSV, in hospitalized children diagnosed with ARI. The patients were divided into six age groups: 0 to <6 months, 6 months to <1 year, 1 to <2 years, 2 to <5 years, 5 to <10 years, and 10 to <18 years. A total of 53 033 children were tested, including 6 830 RSV positive cases, with an overall positivity rate of 12.88%. The annual RSV positivity rates from 2020 to 2023 were 20.04%, 16.18%, 4.89%, and 13.33%, respectively, with statistically significant differences between the years ( χ2=1 185.994, P<0.001). The positive rate of RSV detection decreased with increasing age across all years (all P trend<0.05). From 2020 to 2023, the proportion of RSV-positive cases aged 2 to 5 years and older showed an increasing trend ( P trend<0.001 for all years). Compared to 2023, the median age of RSV-infected children was lower in 2020 ( Z=7.826, P<0.001) and 2021 ( Z=6.106, P<0.001). The proportion of severe infections requiring ICU admission did not change significantly across all years ( χ2=0.179, P=0.981). The RSV epidemic season in 2020 mainly occurred during 28-43 weeks, and in 2021, it spanned from 22-43 weeks. However, in 2022, the season was delayed until the 49th week and lasted for three weeks. In 2023, the seasonal epidemic appeared earlier, starting in the 14th week and lasting for 28 weeks. From 2020 to 2023, the rate of RSV co-infections with other pathogens (mycoplasma pneumoniae, human parainfluenza virus, human bocavirus, human coronavirus, human metapneumovirus, and influenza A) significantly increased (all P trend<0.01). In conclusion, the epidemiological characteristics of RSV infections in Shenzhen Children′s Hospital changed from 2020 to 2023. In 2022, there were only delayed, low-intensity and short-lived seasonal epidemics. However, in 2023, there was an earlier and prolonged epidemic, with increased infections in children aged 2 to 5 years and older and a rise in co-infections, while the proportion of severe infections requiring ICU admission remained unchanged.

Objective To analyze the expression differences in immune cells and cytokines in advanced ovarian cancer with different homologous recombination deficiency(HRD)statuses,and provide insights for novel therapeutic strategies.Methods A total of 68 patients with International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics(FIGO)stageⅢ-Ⅳ epithelial ovarian cancer,who were treated at Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology,Ruijin Hospital,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from Jan.2018 to Jan.2023,were enrolled.Based on genetic testing results,patients were stratified into HRD-positive(n=30)and HRD-negative(n=38)groups.Baseline characteristics and clinical outcomes were compared.The expression levels of CD4,CD8 and CD25 in ovarian cancer tissues of the 2 groups were analyzed by immunohistochemical staining.The proportions of CD4+T cells,CD8+T cells,and CD4+CD25+regulatory T cells(Treg cells)and CD4+/CD8+ratio in blood were analyzed by flow cytometry.The serum levels of interferon-γ(IFN-γ),interleukin(IL)-2,IL-6 and IL-10 were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results There were no significant differences in age,course of disease,family history,initial treatment,tumor FIGO stage,or tumor differentiation degree between the HRD-positive group and HRD-negative group(all P＞0.05).In terms of clinical efficacy,the objective remission rate and disease control rate of patients in the HRD-positive group were significantly higher than those in the HRD-negative group(both P＜0.05).Compared with the HRD-negative group,the expression levels of CD4,CD8,and CD25 in tumor tissues of patients were all increased in the HRD-positive group(all P＜0.05),the proportions of CD4+T cells,CD8+T cells,and CD4+CD25+Treg cells in blood were all increased(all P＜0.05),the CD4+/CD8+ratio in blood was increased(P＜0.05),the serum levels of IL-2,IL-6,and IL-10 were all increased(all P＜0.05),while the serum level of IFN-γ had no significant difference between the 2 groups(P＞0.05).Conclusion HRD-positive ovarian cancer displays enhanced tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and immunomodulatory cytokine secretion compared to HRD-negative cases,suggesting greater sensitivity to immunotherapy and better prognosis.

【Objective】 To understand the current situation of blood components distribution in domestic prefecture-level blood stations through analyzing the components distribution data of 24 prefecture-level blood stations in China. 【Methods】 The data of components distribution of 24 blood stations from 2017 to 2020 as well as the data of blood deployment of 24 blood stations from 2019 to 2020 were collected and analyzed. 【Results】 From 2017 to 2020, positive annual growth in red blood cells, plasma and cryoprecipitate was observed in 22, 19 and 15 out of the 24 blood stations, and the annual growth median rate of above three components was 5.24%, 3.80% and 3.25%, respectively. Among the 24 prefecture-level blood stations, 23 carried out the preparation of cryoprecipitate. 【Conclusion】 The distribution of red blood cells, cryoprecipitate and plasma in prefecture-level blood stations is increasing year by year. However, there is a overstock of plasma, and most blood stations need blood employment.

Objective: To investigate the application and outcome of pediatric extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in a single center. Methods: The clinical data of 52 pediatric patients with cardiopulmonary failure received ECMO support in Bayi Children's Hospital Affiliated to General Hospital of Beijing Military Command of PLA were collected from January 2012 to October 2016. All patients were divided into two stages by time. January 2012 to December 2014 was stage one. January 2015 to October 2016 was stage two. A retrospective analysis was done for these patients between two stages. In addition, all clinical data were compared with the data of extracorporeal life support organization (ELSO). The constituent ratio differences in different groups were tested by chi square test. Results: In 52 cases, there were 40 boys and 12 girls, aging from 1 day to 7 years, weighing from 2 to 20 kg. There were 35 cases who successfully weaned from ECMO (67%), and 25 cases were able to be discharged alive (48%). In stage one, there were 24 ECMO cases, 18 boys and 6 girls. There were 15 cases successfully weaned from ECMO (63%). Nine patients survived until discharge (38%). Complications were found in 15 cases during ECMO support (63%). In stage two, there were 28 ECMO cases, 22 were boys and 6 were girls. There were 20 cases successfully weaned from ECMO (71%). Sixteen patients survived until discharge (57%). Complications were found in 12 cases during ECMO support (43%). There was no significant difference in survival rates between two stages. However, the neonatal survival rate was higher in stage two than in stage one (71% (12/28) vs. 31% (5/24), χ²=5.107, P=0.038). The proportion of respiratory support was higher in stage two than in stage one (50% (14/28) vs. 21% (5/24), χ²=4.741, P=0.029), while the proportion of extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR) decreased significantly (21% (6/28) vs. 67% (16/24), χ²=10.835, P=0.001). Application of peritoneal dialysis treatment in stage two was higher (6 vs. 0 cases, χ²=8.097, P=0.025). Mortality of ECMO was still higher than that of ELSO (48% (25/52) vs. 62% (34 655/55 886), χ²=4.281, P<0.05). The constituent ratio of different types of support varied between ECMO and ELSO patients (χ²=19.562, P<0.001). Conclusions ECMO technology can provide effective support for severe cardiopulmonary failure in critically ill children. Due to the multidisciplinary nature of ECMO technology, the complexity and characteristics of pediatric patients, it takes long time to improve ECMO management and prognosis.

Objective: To retrospectively review 4 cases diagnosed with pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) who were transported with veno-venous (V-V) extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) from April 2016 to March 2017. Methods: Four patients were transported to Bayi Children's Hospital Afflicted to the PLA Army General Hospital, with V-V ECMO. Their vital signs, blood-gas analysis and chest X-ray before and after transportation were compared. The length of ECMO, pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) stay and hospitalization, and the prognosis were analyzed. Results: All the four cases were transported to our hospital successfully from distances between 1 000 km to 1 210 km. The 4 cases were 4 to 6 years old with the body weight of 19 to 35 kg, of whom 3 were boys and 1 was girl. The catheters were inserted in the right jugular vein and femoral vein. The vital signs and blood-gas analysis after transportation did not change significantly compared to baseline. The length of ECMO for the four patients were 48, 754, 157 and 438 hours. They stayed in the PICU for 10, 32, 14 and 19 days, respectively. At last, 2 of them were successfully discharged from hospital without any complications; however, the other 2 died of multiple organ failure. Conclusion Transporting ARDS patients with a satisfactory cardiac function under VV-ECMO by an experienced ECMO team is safe.

OBJECTIVETo develop a RP-HPLC method for simultaneous determination of three active compounds, dictamnine, obacunone and fraxinellone in root bark of Dictamnus dasycarpus and supply a reference for the establishment of the quality standard of D. dasycarpus.

METHODA Kromasil C18 column was used with methanol-water (60:40) as the mobile phase, at the flow rate of 1 mL x min(-1). 236 nm was selected as the detected wavelength.

RESULTThe determined three compounds were well separated with a linear range of 0.0021-0.1060, 0.0201-0.9200 and 0.0102-1.020 g x L(-1), respectively. The recoveries of them were 100.5%, 99.2% and 100.2%, respectively.

CONCLUSIONThis method is simple, rapid and accurate, particularly suitable for the quality control of D. dasycarpus.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Chromatography, Reverse-Phase ; methods ; Dictamnus ; chemistry ; Plant Bark ; chemistry ; Plant Extracts ; analysis ; Plant Roots ; chemistry

Total 1350 subjects were selected by cluster random sampling from Chongwen District and Shijingshan District in Beijing with a populations of 100 000.Chongwen District represented a typical urban district and Shijingshan represtnted a newly extended urban district.Qualified investigators conducted face-to-face survey using the uniform questionnaire and measurement, dealing with the knowledge, attitude and behavior for risk factors of stroke in two districts.The results showed:in Chongwen District, the awareness rates of "the diagnostic criteria of hypertension", "antihypertensive drugs can lower the risk of cardiocerebral vascular disease", and "criteria for obesity" were 71.3%, 87.3% and 22.9% respectively,which were significantly higher than those in Shijingshan District.The awareness rate of "bad temper may increase the risk of cardiocerebral vascular disease" was lower in the Chongwen District.There were no significant differences in attitude between two districts.In Chongwen District the level of three risk factors (smoking and obesity) was significantly lower than Shijingshan, but action of self-examination was also significantly lower.Generally, there was higher level in health knowledge and lower level of risk factors in Chongwen District.The hypertension-related knowledge and behavior was not entirely consistent.It is necessary to transform knowledge into behavioral changes or intervention of risk factors in population with high awareness like Chongwen District.

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of Jin's three-needling therapy on children autism with different TCM syndrome types.Methods A total of 202 autism children was enrolled into the study.Autism children were divided into two groups:the treatment group(N=118)received Jin's three-needling therapy,the acupoints mainly consisted of Sishen needling,Dingshen needling,temporal triple needling,supertemporal triple needling,brain triple needling,mental triple needling,Xingshen needling,hand needling for improving mental,foot needling for improving mental and tongue triple needling,and some other acupoints were selected according to the syndrome patterns;the control group(N=84)received special training.The treatment was done one time per day,six times one week,and 4 months constituted one treatment course.After treatment,the therapeutic effect was evaluated by Children Autism Rating Scale(CARS).Results After one treatment course,the total curative effective rate was 88.1% in the treatment group and 65.5% in the control group(P