N-acetyl-p-aminophenol （APAP） is an antipyretic analgesic commonly used in clinical practice， and APAP overdose can cause severe liver injury and even death. In recent years， the incidence rate of APAP-induced liver injury （AILI） tends to increase， and it has become the second most common cause of liver transplantation worldwide. Autophagy is a highly conserved catabolic process that removes unwanted cytosolic proteins and organelles through lysosomal degradation to achieve the metabolic needs of cells themselves and the renewal of organelles. A large number of studies have shown that autophagy plays a key role in the pathophysiology of AILI， involving the mechanisms such as APAP protein conjugates， oxidative stress， JNK activation， mitochondrial dysfunction， inflammatory response and apoptosis. This article elaborates on the biological mechanism of autophagy in AILI， in order to provide a theoretical basis for the treatment of AILI and the development of autophagy regulators.

Periodontal bone defects, primarily caused by periodontitis, are highly prevalent in clinical settings and manifest as bone fenestration, dehiscence, or attachment loss, presenting a significant challenge to oral health. In regenerative medicine, harnessing developmental principles for tissue repair offers promising therapeutic potential. Of particular interest is the condensation of progenitor cells, an essential event in organogenesis that has inspired clinically effective cell aggregation approaches in dental regeneration. However, the precise cellular coordination mechanisms during condensation and regeneration remain elusive. Here, taking the tooth as a model organ, we employed single-cell RNA sequencing to dissect the cellular composition and heterogeneity of human dental follicle and dental papilla, revealing a distinct Platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha (PDGFRA) mesenchymal stem/stromal cell (MSC) population with remarkable odontogenic potential. Interestingly, a reciprocal paracrine interaction between PDGFRA⁺ dental follicle stem cells (DFSCs) and CD31⁺ Endomucin⁺ endothelial cells (ECs) was mediated by Vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) and Platelet-derived growth factor subunit BB (PDGFBB). This crosstalk not only maintains the functionality of PDGFRA⁺ DFSCs but also drives specialized angiogenesis. In vivo periodontal bone regeneration experiments further reveal that communication between PDGFRA⁺ DFSC aggregates and recipient ECs is essential for effective angiogenic-osteogenic coupling and rapid tissue repair. Collectively, our results unravel the importance of MSC-EC crosstalk mediated by the VEGFA and PDGFBB-PDGFRA reciprocal signaling in orchestrating angiogenesis and osteogenesis. These findings not only establish a framework for deciphering and promoting periodontal bone regeneration in potential clinical applications but also offer insights for future therapeutic strategies in dental or broader regenerative medicine.
Receptor, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor alpha/metabolism* ; Humans ; Neovascularization, Physiologic/physiology* ; Dental Sac/cytology* ; Single-Cell Analysis ; Transcriptome ; Mesenchymal Stem Cells/metabolism* ; Bone Regeneration ; Animals ; Dental Papilla/cytology* ; Periodontium/physiology* ; Stem Cells/metabolism* ; Regeneration ; Angiogenesis

Objective To evaluate the modeling characteristics and predictive performance of models for predicting post-stroke neurological deterioration(ND)published in existing literatures.Methods Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses(PRISMA)guidance for scoping reviews,a comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed,CINAHL,Cochrane Library,Embase,Web of Science,Scopus,CNKI,Wanfang Data,and VIP databases from inception to December 15,2024.The search strategy combined Medical Subject Headings(MeSH)and free-text terms,with key words including"Stroke""Ischemic Stroke""Neurological Deterioration""Nomograms""Risk Prediction""Predictive Models""卒中""脑梗死""脑出血""神经功能恶化"and"预测模型".Base on the data extraction checklist and critical appraisal,data extraction covered three domains:(1)basic characteristics,including author,publication year,country,study design(retrospective,prospective,registry-based),sample source(single-center,multicenter),stroke subtypes(acute ischemic stroke[AIS]-conservative therapy,AIS-intravenous thrombolysis[IVT],AIS-endovascular therapy[EVT],intracerebral hemorrhage[ICH]),ND time windows(acute[≤72 h],subacute[≤ 7 d],long-term[≤90 d]),and outcome types(single/composite endpoints);(2)model evaluation metrics,including missing data handling(complete-case analysis,multiple imputation),model development methodologies(multivariate Logistic regression,least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression,machine learning),presentation formats(nomograms,web calculators,risk prediction tool),discrimination(area under the curve,C-index),calibration(Hosmer-Lemeshow test,calibration curve and slope),clinical utility(decision curve analysis[DCA],global metrics Brier score,R2,AIC),sample size(training set,internal validation set,external validation set),sample size requirements(events per variable[EPV]≥10 to mitigate overfitting),and validation(internal/external);(3)predictor features,including selection strategies(prior knowledge-driven,univariate analysis),quantity,and attributes(demographics,medical history,physical examination,treatment intervention information,imaging/laboratory indicators).Predictive models that meet exclusion criteria from prior literature were analyzed by their discrimination,calibration,clinical utility and global metrics.Forest plots were utilized to visualize discrimination(evaluated via difference in area under the curve)of the extracted models.The prediction model risk of bias assessment tool(PROBAST)was applied to assess bias risk and clinical applicability.Occurrence frequencies of the post-stroke neurological deterioration predictors were ranked and the top 6 high-frequency predictors were extracted.Results(1)Among 3 728 screened studies,25 were included based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria.(2)Basic characteristics:retrospective(72％[18/25])and single-center(64％[16/25])designs dominated.With most models targeted on AIS(92％[23/25]),and the rest(8％[2/25])on ICH.ND was primarily defined by neurological scale changes(60％[15/25];e.g.,National Institutes of Health stroke scale[NIHSS]score increase or Glasgow coma scale[GCS]score decrease),with time windows categorized as acute(36％[9/25]),subacute(48％[12/25]),or long-term(16％[4/25]).(3)Model evaluation:multivariate Logistic regression(96％[24/25])and nomograms(88％[22/25])were predominant.Only 24％(6/25)explicitly addressed missing data handling methods,and 52％(13/25)with EPV≥10.The median area under the curve was 0.865(range:0.650-0.981).44％(11/25)of the studies reported calibration curves,and 4％(1/25)reported calibration slopes.All studies utilized DCA to validate their clinical applicability,84％(21/25)of the studies conducted internal validation,while only 32％(8/25)conducted external validation.PROBAST evaluation revealed low overall bias risk in 8％(2/25;no error across participant,predictor,outcome,or analysis domains)and low clinical applicability risk in 44％(11/25;alignment with target populations,accessible predictors,and clinically relevant outcomes)of the studies.(4)Predictors:64％(16/25)of the predictor were screened predominantly through the prior knowledge-driven based strategy.The top 6 high-frequency predictors are NIHSS score(64％[16/25]),age(36％[9/25]),blood glucose/diabetes(36％[9/25]),blood pressure/hypertension(32％[8/25]),the Alberta stroke program early CT score(20％[5/25]),and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio(20％[5/25]).AIS-ND predictors emphasized readily available metrics,such as NIHSS(65％[15/23]),age(35％[8/23]),while ICH-ND primarily relied on imaging markers(e.g.,baseline hematoma volume[2/2],location[1/2]).Conclusion Current post-stroke ND predictive models demonstrate satisfactory performance on discrimination and multimodal integration,but their practical application are hindered by insufficient calibration quantification,high bias risk,and limited clinical translatability.

Objective:To analyze the correlation and consistency of urine protein creatinine ratio (UPCR) with 24-hour urine protein quantification (24hUTP) in patients with lupus nephritis (LN).Methods:LN patients were enrolled from the STAR cohort of Peking University First Hospital, The time period is January 1, 2007 to July 31 2024. The correlation and consistency of UPCR with 24hUTP were analyzed in overall patients and various subgroups, such as,the levels of proteinuria and multiple parameters. The correlation was analyzed using Spearman′s method. The consistency was evaluated by using Kappa test, cross tabulation consistency probability, and UPCR/24hUTP ratio.Results:A total of 261 LN patients were included in this study. Overall, UPCR was positively correlated with 24hUTP ( r=0.892, P<0.001), and the consistency between then was good ( Kappa=0.603, P<0.001). Subgroup analysis based on multiple levels including different urine volume, eGFR grading, albumin, urea nitrogen, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, SLEDAI-2K, also revealed good correlation ( r=0.747~0.951; P<0.001) and consistency ( Kappa=0.393~0.771; P<0.001). Patients were divided into subgroups according to the 24hUTP (≤ 0.5 g, >0.5 g to ≤1.0 g, >1.0 g to ≤3.5 g, and>3.5 g). The best correlation and consistency were observed in ≤ 0.5g group ( r=0.728, Kappa=0.395, P<0.001), while the correlation was average or poor in other subgroups ( r=0.16~0.46). The consistency evaluated by UPCR/24hUTP ratio showed good consistency (ratios between 0.8~1.2) in 74 patients (28.4%), however, the unsatisfactory consistency in most patients, with 128 patients (68.4%) having ratios < 0.8, indicating a significantly lower UPCR than 24hUTP, and 59 patients (31.6%) having ratios > 1.2, indicating significantly higher UPCR than 24hUTP.The cross tabulation evaluation showed that the probability of consistency was distributed in a gradient, we found the worst consistency (48.9%) in >0.5 g to ≤1.0 g group, moderate consistency (64.0%) in >1.0 g to ≤3.5 g group, and the best consistency (73.3%) in >3.5 g group. Conclusion:In LN patients, the overall correlation and consistency between UPCR and 24hUTP are good, but the degree of correlation and consistency is closely related to the total amount of proteinuria. When 24hUTP ≤ 0.5 g, UPCR can be used to replace 24hUTP, but UPCR cannot be simply equated with 24hUTP at other urinary protein levels. Detecting 24hUTP to accurately reflect the total amount of proteinuria remain necessary.

Dampness-heat syndrome of the spleen and stomach refers to the evil dampness-heat invading the spleen and stomach,the abnormal rise and fall of the middle jiaoqi machinery,dampness-heat depression and steaming,the physiological dysfunction of the spleen and stomach,with abdominal distention and distention,nausea and lethargy of the limbs,poor loose stool,red tongue and yellow greasy fur,and slippery pulse as the main symptoms of the syndrome,most common in digestive system diseases,among which chronic gastritis is the first.This paper summarized the research results in the past decade and related fields.In the mode of combination of disease and syndrome,based on the principle of corresponding prescription and syndrome,combined with the etiology and pathogenesis evolution of spleen and stomach damp-heat syndrome,the biological connotation of spleen and stomach damp-heat syndrome was explained from various aspects such as inflammation and immune disorders,gastrointestinal motivity disorders,water and humidity loss,endoplasmic reticulum function,and micro-ecological disorders.Enrich the research of the essence of syndrome.

To analyze the disease burden of hypertension in the elderly population from 1990 to 2021 and to predict future trends in China and globally, thereby providing insights for public health decision-making regarding older adults with hypertension in China.

Resistance to poly adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-ribose polymerase inhibitor (PARPi) presents a considerable obstacle in the treatment of ovarian cancer. F-box and tryptophan-aspartic (WD) repeat domain containing 11 (FBXW11) modulates the ubiquitination of growth-and invasion-related factors in lung cancer, colorectal cancer, and osteosarcoma. The function of FBXW11 in PARPi therapy is still ambiguous. In this study, RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) showed that FBXW11 expression was raised in ovarian cancer cells that had been treated with PARPi. FBXW11 was abnormally expressed at low levels in high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) tissues, and low levels of FBXW11 were associated with shorter overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) in HGSOC patients. Overexpressing FBXW11 made ovarian cancer more sensitive to PARPi, while knocking down FBXW11 made it less sensitive. The four-dimensional (4D) label-free quantitative proteomic analysis revealed that FBXW11 targeted S100 calcium binding protein A11 (S100A11) and promoted its degradation through ubiquitination. The increased degradation of S100A11 led to less efficient DNA damage repair, which in turn contributed to increased PARPi-induced DNA damage. The role of FBXW11 in promoting PARPi sensitivity was also confirmed in xenograft mouse models. In summary, our study confirms that FBXW11 promotes the susceptibility of ovarian cancer cells to PARPi via affecting S100A11-mediated DNA damage repair.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy and safety of intravenous colistin sulfate combined with nebulized inhalation versus intravenous monotherapy for pulmonary infections caused by carbapenem-resistant organism (CRO). METHODS: A multicenter retrospective cohort study was conducted. Clinical data were collected from patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) of 10 tertiary class-A hospitals in Henan Province between July 2021 and May 2023, who received colistin sulfate for CRO pulmonary infections. Data included baseline characteristics, inflammatory markers [white blood cell count (WBC), neutrophil count (NEU), procalcitonin (PCT), C-reactive protein (CRP)], renal function indicators [serum creatinine (SCr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN)], life support measures, anti-infection regimens, clinical efficacy, microbiological clearance rate, and prognostic outcomes. Patients were divided into two groups: intravenous group (colistin sulfate monotherapy via intravenous infusion) and combination group ((intravenous infusion combined with nebulized inhalation of colistin sulfate). Changes in parameters before and after treatment were analyzed. RESULTS: A total of 137 patients with CRO pulmonary infections were enrolled, including 89 in the intravenous group and 48 in the combination group. Baseline characteristics, life support measures, daily colistin dose, and combination regimens (most commonly colistin sulfate plus carbapenems in both groups) showed no significant differences between two groups. The combination group exhibited higher clinical efficacy [77.1% (37/48) vs. 59.6% (52/89)] and microbiological clearance rate [60.4% (29/48) vs. 39.3% (35/89)], both P < 0.05. Pre-treatment inflammatory and renal parameters showed no significant differences between two groups. Post-treatment, the combination group showed significantly lower WBC and CRP [WBC (×10⁹/L): 8.2±0.5 vs. 10.9±0.6, CRP (mg/L): 14.0 (5.7, 26.6) vs. 52.1 (24.4, 109.6), both P < 0.05], whereas NEU, PCT, SCr, and BUN levels showed no significant between two groups. ICU length of stay was shorter in the combination group [days: 16 (10, 25) vs. 21 (14, 29), P < 0.05], although mechanical ventilation duration and total hospitalization showed no significant differences between two groups. CONCLUSIONS Intravenous colistin sulfate combined with nebulized inhalation improved clinical efficacy and microbiological clearance in CRO pulmonary infections with an acceptable safety profile.
Humans ; Colistin/therapeutic use* ; Retrospective Studies ; Administration, Inhalation ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use* ; Carbapenems/pharmacology* ; Male ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Gram-Negative Bacteria/drug effects* ; Aged ; Treatment Outcome ; Respiratory Tract Infections/drug therapy*

Background: Condyloma acuminatum (CA) is a common sexually transmitted disease caused by human papillomavirus (HPV). In recent years, research on anal CA has primarily focused on treatment rather than underlying mechanisms. The mechanism of HPV persistence and recurrence in CA require further exploration. It needs multiple researches in mechanisms to focalize treatment targets. Objective: To investigate the relationship between intestinal mucosal immunity and the relapse of anal CA and persistent infection. Methods: Levels of interferon gamma (IFN-γ) and secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbnent assay in anal mucosal cells obtained from patients treated at Tianjin Union Medical Center from September 2022 to December 2024. All the participants signed Informed Consent and the whole plan was approved by Institutional Review Board in Tianjin Union Medical Center (No. B155). Results: The levels of IFN-γ and sIgA significantly decreased after infection, and persistent infection exhibited even lower levels. These two factors increased following treatment, reaching peak concentrations at 4 weeks before decreasing again. Conclusion These findings demonstrate a significant association between persistent anal CA infection and dysregulation of intestinal mucosal immunity.

Body weight abnormalities, including overweight, obesity, and underweight, have become a dual public health challenge in Chinese adults: overweight and obesity lead to a variety of chronic complications, while underweight increases the risks of malnutrition, sarcopenia, and organ dysfunction. To systematically address these issues, multidisciplinary experts in endocrinology, sports science, nutrition, and psychiatry from various regions have held multiple weight management seminars. Based on the latest epidemiological data and clinical evidence, they expanded the guideline to include assessment and intervention strategies for underweight, in addition to the core content of obesity management. This guideline outlines the etiological mechanisms, evaluation methods, and multidimensional management strategies for overweight and obesity, covering key areas such as diagnosis and assessment, medical nutrition therapy, exercise prescription, pharmacological intervention, and psychological support. It is intended to provide a scientific and standardized approach to weight management across the adult population, aiming to curb the rising prevalence of obesity, mitigate complications associated with abnormal body weight, and improve nutritional status and overall quality of life.