BACKGROUND:At present,the incidence of scoliosis is increasing year by year,especially in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.Therefore,it is more and more important to strengthen the research on the treatment of adolescent scoliosis. OBJECTIVE:To summarize the current status,hotspots,emerging trends,and frontiers of global research on the treatment of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis to provide reference and guidance for future related research. METHODS:The literature related to the treatment of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis was retrieved on the Web of Science Core Collection(WOSCC)database from 2013 to 2023.CiteSpace 6.2.R1 software was used for visual analysis of countries,institutions,authors,and keywords. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)A total of 561 English articles were included in this study.Among countries,institutions,and authors,the United States has contributed the most.Nanjing University and Qiu,Yong(Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital,Nanjing University School of Medicine)are the most published institution and author.The academic journal with the largest number of articles is the European Spine Journal.(2)In the analysis of cited literature,the top 10 most cited articles mainly describe the effects of surgical treatment and conservative treatment on improving adolescent idiopathic scoliosis,especially improving the curvature of patients.(3)Through the summary of highly cited articles and the keyword clustering,keyword prominence in-depth mining,the research hotspots are currently the relationship between Cobb angle and treatment choice,the therapeutic effect of exercise therapy and the therapeutic effect of posterior vertebral fusion.(4)The prognosis of patients with different curvatures has not been studied in depth,and the etiology of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis has not been clarified,so the relationship between curvature and prognosis and the etiology of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis may be a new research trend in the future.

T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is a highly aggressive hematologic malignancy with a poor prognosis, despite advancements in treatment. Many patients struggle with relapse or refractory disease. Investigating the role of the super-enhancer (SE) regulated gene ubiquitin-specific protease 20 (USP20) in T-ALL could enhance targeted therapies and improve clinical outcomes. Analysis of histone H3 lysine 27 acetylation (H3K27ac) chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-seq) data from six T-ALL cell lines and seven pediatric samples identified USP20 as an SE-regulated driver gene. Utilizing the Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (CCLE) and BloodSpot databases, it was found that USP20 is specifically highly expressed in T-ALL. Knocking down USP20 with short hairpin RNA (shRNA) increased apoptosis and inhibited proliferation in T-ALL cells. In vivo studies showed that USP20 knockdown reduced tumor growth and improved survival. The USP20 inhibitor GSK2643943A demonstrated similar anti-tumor effects. Mass spectrometry, RNA-Seq, and immunoprecipitation revealed that USP20 interacted with hypoxia-inducible factor 1 subunit alpha (HIF1A) and stabilized it by deubiquitination. Cleavage under targets and tagmentation (CUT&Tag) results indicated that USP20 co-localized with HIF1A, jointly modulating target genes in T-ALL. This study identifies USP20 as a therapeutic target in T-ALL and suggests GSK2643943A as a potential treatment strategy.

Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is linked to an increased prevalence of myocardial infarction (MI). However, research dedicated to elucidating the pathogenesis of AS-MI is lacking. In this study, we explored the biomarkers for enhancing the diagnostic and therapeutic efficiency of AS-MI. Datasets were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. We employed weighted gene co-expression network analysis and machine learning models to screen hub genes. A receiver operating characteristic curve and a nomogram were designed to assess diagnostic accuracy. Gene set enrichment analysis was conducted to reveal the potential function of hub genes. Immune infiltration analysis indicated the correlation between hub genes and the immune landscape. Subsequently, we performed single-cell analysis to identify the expression and subcellular localization of hub genes. We further constructed a transcription factor (TF)-microRNA (miRNA) regulatory network. Finally, drug prediction and molecular docking were performed. S100A12 and MCEMP1 were identified as hub genes, which were correlated with immune-related biological processes. They exhibited high diagnostic value and were predominantly expressed in myeloid cells. Furthermore, 24 TFs and 9 miRNA were associated with these hub genes. Enzastaurin, meglitinide, and nifedipine were predicted as potential therapeutic agents. Our study indicates that S100A12 and MCEMP1 exhibit significant potential as biomarkers and therapeutic targets for AS-MI, offering novel insights into the underlying etiology of this condition.
Humans ; Spondylitis, Ankylosing/complications* ; Systems Biology/methods* ; Myocardial Infarction/diagnosis* ; Biomarkers/metabolism* ; MicroRNAs/genetics* ; Gene Regulatory Networks ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Machine Learning

Objective To investigate changes in gut microbiota during diabetic nephropathy(DN)pro-gression using 16S rDNA sequencing technology.Methods A total of 90 male SD rats were randomly divided into a normal control group(n=10,no modeling,regular feeding)and a model group(diabetes model).The diabetes model was established by a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin(STZ)at 60 mg/kg,with regular feeding.According to the feeding time after modeling,the rats were divided into 2-week,4-week,8-week,and 12-week model groups(fed for 2,4,8,and 12 weeks after model establishment),with 20 rats in each group.Blood urea nitrogen(BUN)was measured using the urease method,serum creatinine(Scr)was deter-mined by the picric acid method,and ELISA was used to detect urinary kidney injury molecule-1(KIM-1)and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin(NGAL)levels.HE,PAS,and Masson staining were used to observe renal tissue pathological changes.Gut microbiota was collected from the rats,and 16S rDNA gene sequencing was used to analyze the gut microbiota to understand changes in the gut microbiota.Results Compared with the normal control group,the levels of KIM-1 and NGAL in urine of rats in all model groups were significantly increased(P<0.05).Pathological staining results showed that,compared with the normal control group,rats in all model groups exhibited diffuse thickening of the glomerular basement membrane and pathological chan-ges such as local necrosis and vacuolar degeneration in renal tubular epithelial cells.16S rDNA sequencing re-sults indicated that the abundance and structure of intestinal microbiota in rats of all model groups changed.Compared with the normal control group,in the 8-week and 12-week model groups,the relative abundance of Bacteroides and Akkermansia decreased,while the relative abundance of Roseburia,Alloprevotella,Prevotel-laceae-Ga6A1,and Ruminococcaceae UCG-005 increased.Compared with the normal control group,in the 12-week model group,the abundance of Akkermansia decreased and that of Prevotellaceae-NK3B31 increased.Conclusion The abundance and structure of gut microbial community in DN rats under conventional feeding at different time points change significantly,further confirming the"gut-kidney axis"theory.

Objective To investigate the effect of progressive muscle relaxation training intervention strategy in relieving fatigue of elderly patients with primary hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)after receiving transcatheter arterial chemoembolization(T ACE),and to analyze its influencing factors.Methods Using convenience sampling method,a total of 150 elderly patients with HCC,who received TACE at a certain grade Ⅲ-A hospital at Peking of China from May 2021 to March 2023,were selected as the subjects of research.The patients were randomly divided into the study group and the control group,and progressive muscle relaxation training intervention strategy and conventional postoperative fatigue care method were employed respectively.The preoperative fatigue status and the postoperative fatigue recovery status were compared between the two groups,and the influencing factors were analyzed.Results In both groups,the postoperative one-day fatigue score was the highest,which was gradually decreased thereafter.The average recovery time of fatigue in the control group was 9.84 days,which in the study group was 6.16 days,the difference between the two groups was statistically significant(P=0.013).The body mass index(BMI),Child-Pugh classification,and preoperative grip strength index had an effect on the postoperative fatigue recovery time after intervention.A BMI of β=-0.953 and a preoperative grip strength index of β=-0.185 were negatively correlated with the postoperative fatigue recovery time after intervention,while a Child-Pugh classification of β=2.177 was positively correlated with the postoperative fatigue recovery time after intervention.Conclusion Progressive muscle relaxation training intervention strategy is helpful for shortening the postoperative fatigue recovery time in elderly patients with HCC after receiving TACE,and it is worth of promotion in clinical practice.The patient's nutrition and physical status such as BMI,hepatic reserve function and grip strength index,are the factors influencing the effectiveness of progressive muscle relaxation training intervention strategy.

Objective:To investigate the impact of early invasive arterial blood pressure (IBP) monitoring on survival and neurological outcomes in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) patients undergoing extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR).Methods:This retrospective cohort study analyzed 44 OHCA patients receiving ECPR between January 2021 and January 2023. Patients were divided into: Early intervention group : IBP established within 3 min of ECMO initiation; Late intervention group : IBP established after ICU admission. Baseline characteristics, ECMO parameters, and clinical outcomes were compared. Multivariable logistic regression (adjusted for age, initial rhythm, etc.) and Spearman's correlation were used.Results:This study included a total of 44 patients treated with OHCA and ECPR, divided into an early intervention group of 23 cases and a late intervention group of 21 cases. The early intervention group showed significantly higher: Survival to discharge (43.5% vs. 9.5%, P<0.05), Good neurological recovery (CPC 1-2: 34.8% vs. 9.5%, P<0.05).Early intervention independently predicted survival (adjusted OR=18.84, 95% CI:1.97-179.98, P=0.01). Stratified analysis by pH (cutoff 7.0) demonstrated consistent benefits in both pH>7.0 ( aOR=0.392, 95% CI:0.106-0.678) and pH≤7.0 subgroups ( aOR=0.385, 95% CI: 0.075-0.695; interaction P=0.183). Early IBP positively correlated with CPC scores ( ρ=0.40, P=0.007). Conclusions:Early IBP monitoring significantly improves survival and neurological outcomes in OHCA-ECPR patients, supporting its integration into standardized protocols.

Objective:To analyze the clinical characteristics of patients undergoing extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR), and to explore the risk factors leading to poor prognosis.Methods:The clinical data of 95 patients with ECPR admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January 2020 to May 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. According to the survival status at the time of discharge, the patients were divided into the survival group and death group. The difference of clinical data between the two groups was compared to explore the risk factors related to death and poor prognosis. Risk factors associated with death were identified by Binary Logistic regression analysis. Results:A total of 95 patients with ECPR were included in this study, 62 (65.3%) died and 33 (34.7%) survived at discharge. Patients in the death group had longer low blood flow time [40 (30, 52.5) min vs. 30 (24.5, 40) min ] and total cardiac arrest time[40 (30, 52.5) min vs. 30(24.5, 40) min], shorter total hospital stay [3 (2, 7.25) d vs. 19 (13.5, 31) d] and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) assisted time [26.5 (17, 50) h vs. 62 (44, 80.5) h], and more IHCA patients (56.5% vs. 33.3%) and less had spontaneous rhythm recovery before ECMO (37.1% vs. 84.8%). Initial lactate value [(14.008 ± 5.188) mmol/L vs.(11.23 ± 4.718) mmol/L], APACHEⅡ score [(30.10 ± 7.45) vs. (25.88 ± 7.68)] and SOFA score [12 (10.75, 16) vs. 10 (9.5, 13)] were higher ( P< 0.05). Conclusions:No spontaneous rhythm recovery before ECMO, high initial lactic acid and high SOFA score are independent risk factors for poor prognosis in ECPR patients.

Metabolic associated fatty liver disease has become the most important chronic liver disease in China.Its mechanism is not completely clear.Professor Sheng Guoguang examines the symptoms and seek the cause,treats the disease by stages from the perspective of"earth-obstructing and wood-stagnation,phlegm and blood stasis",summarizes the core pathogenesis of each stage,and prescribes drugs for the pathogenesis.In the early stage,the disease is mainly caused by earth-obstructing and wood-stagnation and phlegm and blood stasis and the corresponding treatment method should be activating spleen to eliminate depression,relieving phlegm and promoting blood circulation,with common use of modified Sizhu Decoction combined with Erchen Decoction.In the middle stage,phlegm and blood stasis transform into heat are the main pathogenesis,and the appropriate treatment is clearing liver and purging fire,and relieving phlegm and promoting blood circulation,with common use of modified Xiaochaihu Decoction combined with Erchen Decoction.In the late stage,weakness of the internal organs is the main pathogenesis,and it is appropriate to nourish liver and fortify the spleen,tonifying the kidney and consolidate the root,supplementing with reducing phlegm and activating blood circulation,with common use of modified Yiguan Decoction combined with Liujunzi Decoction in modification,which has achieved confirmed clinical efficacy.

Objective To investigate the distribution and seasonal fluctuations of visceral leishmaniasis vectors sandflies in Lüliang City, Shanxi Province, so as to provide insights into assessment of the visceral leishmaniasis transmission risk and formulation of visceral leishmaniasis control measures. Methods A total of 12 natural villages were sampled from Shilou County, Lishi District, Lanxian County, Linxian County and Wenshui County in Lüliang City, Shanxi Province from June to September, 2023, and sandflies were captured using light traps from 7 breeding habitats, including farmers’ houses, sheep pens, cattle pens, chicken coops, pig pens, mule and horse pens, and loess-cave dwellings. Following morphological identification of the sandfly species, the distribution of sandflies and the seasonal fluctuations of the sandfly density were analyzed. In addition, the Leishmania was detected in sandflies using a real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR assay. Results A total of 2 831 sandflies were captured with 156 light traps in Lüliang City from June to September, 2023, including 2 638 female sandflies (93.18%) and 193 male sandflies (6.82%), and the average density was 16.91 sandflies/(light-night). The seasonal fluctuations of the sandfly density all appeared a unimodal distribution in all survey sites, and the sandfly density peaked in July and then declined rapidly. Among all types of breeding habitats, the greatest sandfly density was found in sheep pens [39.04 sandflies/(light-night)]. In addition, 4.08% (2/49) of the sandfly samples were tested positive for Leishmania nucleic acid as revealed by the real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR assay. Conclusions Sandflies were widely distributed in Lüliang City, Shanxi Province in 2023, and the peak of the sandfly density was observed in July, which had a visceral leishmaniasis transmission risk. Intensified surveillance of visceral leishmaniasis and sandfly vectors is required and targeted vector control is recommended.

ObjectiveTo observe the clinical effectiveness of midnight-noon ebb-low acupuncture by hour-prescription of points combined with western medicine for patients of Parkinson's disease with restless legs syndrome. MethodsSixty cases of Parkinson's disease with restless legs syndrome were divided into a control group and a treatment group randomly， with 30 cases in each group. The control group was given conventional western medicine treatment， and the treatment group was given the treatment of the control group with midnight-noon ebb-low acupuncture by hour-prescription of points based on Daling （PC 7）， Zhongzhu （TE 3）， Yanglingquan （GB 34）， Zusanli （ST 36）， and Sanyinjiao （SP 6） with perpendicular insertion， and Baihui （GV 20） with oblique insertion to the back，all of them used the manipulation of neutral reinforcement and reduction； Dudu （SP 2） and Taibai （SP 3） acupoints were inserted in accordance with the direction of the meridian travelling when the patients inhaled， and the needle was removed when exhaled； the time of acupuncture manipulation selected as Si time （9 AM-11 AM）， the needle stay for 30 mins each time， once a day， 5 times a week， a total of 4 weeks of treatment. The international restless legs severity scale （IRLSS）， Pittsburgh sleep quality index （PSQI）， Parkinson's disease quality of life questionnaire （PDQ-39）， and the International Movement Disorder Society unified Parkinson's disease rating scale part Ⅰ （MDS-UPDRS Ⅰ） were compared before and after the treatment， and the clinical effectiveness of the two groups were compared after the treatment. ResultsIRLSS scores， PSQI scores， PDQ-39 scores and MDS-UPDRS Ⅰ scores decreased in both groups after treatment compared to those before treatment （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. After treatment， the total effective rate in the treatment group （83.3%， 25/30） was higher than that in the control group （60%， 18/30） （P＜0.05）. ConclusionAdding midnight-noon ebb-low acupuncture with hour-prescription of points on conventional western medicine treatment for Parkinson's disease with restless legs syndrome can significantly improve patients' clinical symptoms， sleep quality， quality of life， and enhance clinical effectiveness.