For middle-aged and elderly patients with conditions such as spinal fractures and degenerative spinal diseases, spinal internal fixation is a core surgical procedure for reconstructing spinal stability, heavily relying on the biomechanical stability provided by pedicle screw systems. Whereas, these patients are often complicated by osteoporosis that can significantly compromise the stability of the bone-pedicle screw interface, leading to a marked increase in pedicle screw loosening and surgical failure rates. The bone cement-augmented pedicle screw technique, which involves injecting bone cement into the vertebral body or screw trajectory to optimize the mechanical properties of the bone-pedicle screw composite, has been proven to significantly enhance fixation strength and effectively prevent screw-related failures, thereby reducing the incidence of internal fixation failure in high-risk populations undergoing spinal fusion. However, the widespread clinical application of this technique has faced challenges such as inaccurate clinical decision-making (indication and contraindication selection), non-standardized operative practices, and insufficient awareness of complication prevention, resulting in considerable variability in clinical outcomes and even severe complications. To address this, Prof. Luo Fei from First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University initiated the project and the Chinese Association Orthopaedic Surgeons organized relevant experts to develop the Evidence-based clinical practice guideline for bone cement-augmented pedicle screw technique ( version 2025), based on current evidence. The guidelines put forward 8 recommendations regarding the clinical value, scope of application, and operational standards of the technique, aiming to provide evidence-based medical support and technical standardization for clinical decision-making.

Objective:To investigate the related factors for unexpected positive intraoperative cultures (UPC) in patients undergoing aseptic hip revision and the long-term prosthesis survival rate in such patients.Methods:A retrospective cases series analysis was conducted in 397 patients who underwent aseptic hip revision surgery at the Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from January 2012 to December 2021. There were 225 females and 172 males with an age ( M(IQR)) of 58(23) years (range:21 to 89 years) and a body mass index (BMI) of 25(6) kg/m 2 (range:15 to 39 kg/m 2). Based on the culture results of intraoperative specimens, patients were divided into culture-positive group (32 cases) and culture-negative group (365 cases). The clinical data were analyzed including gender, age, BMI, preoperative C-reactive protein, preoperative erythrocyte sedimentation rate, American Society of Anesthesiologists(ASA) classification, preoperative urinary bacteria, preoperative hypoproteinemia; comorbidities of diabetes mellitus, anemia, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cerebral infarction; history of allergy to antibiotics, smoking, drinking, previous prosthetic dislocation, previous surgical intervention; and time from symptom onset to admission, duration of surgery, etc. A univariate analysis was performed by Mann-Whitney U orχ2 test and the independent risk factors were identified by including the independent variables with P<0.20 in the univariate analysis in a logistic regression analysis of dichotomous variables. The study outcomes were defined as :(1) re-surgical treatment for any reason; (2)symptoms of infection such as sinus and incision seepage; (3) persistent excessive hip pain.The Kaplan-Meier survival curve was plotted using the study outcome of any cause as the endpoint event, and the log-rank test was used to compare the 10-year survival rate of the prosthesis in the culture-negative group with that in the culture-positive group. Results:Univariate analysis showed statistically significant differences between the culture-negative and culture-positive groups when comparing gender, BMI, ASA classification, and preoperative urinary bacterial results ( χ2=2.368, P=0.124; χ2=-1.648, P=0.098; χ2=14.128, P=0.003; and χ2=7.384, P=0.007). Logistic regression analysis showed that male, ASA classification Ⅳ, and positive preoperative urinary bacteria were independent risk factors for the development of UPC during aseptic hip revision( OR=2.35,95% CI:1.08 to 5.36, P=0.040; OR=37.32,95% CI:1.80 to 1 810.63, P=0.030; OR=4.11,95% CI:1.40 to 11.12, P=0.012). The follow-up time of the 397 patients included in this study was 70 (134) months (range:12 to 146 months). The Kaplan-Meier survival curves showed that the 10-year survival rates of the prostheses in the culture-negative and culture-positive groups were 95.7% and 75.0%, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference in the 10-year survival rate comparing the two groups ( P=0.661). Conclusions:UPC is more likely to occur in patients undergoing hip revision due to noninfectious factors in those who are male, have positive preoperative urinary bacteria, and have an ASA classification of Ⅳ. Intraoperative specimen culture results (negative or positive) do not affect 10-year prosthesis survival rate after hip revision.

For middle-aged and elderly patients with conditions such as spinal fractures and degenerative spinal diseases, spinal internal fixation is a core surgical procedure for reconstructing spinal stability, heavily relying on the biomechanical stability provided by pedicle screw systems. Whereas, these patients are often complicated by osteoporosis that can significantly compromise the stability of the bone-pedicle screw interface, leading to a marked increase in pedicle screw loosening and surgical failure rates. The bone cement-augmented pedicle screw technique, which involves injecting bone cement into the vertebral body or screw trajectory to optimize the mechanical properties of the bone-pedicle screw composite, has been proven to significantly enhance fixation strength and effectively prevent screw-related failures, thereby reducing the incidence of internal fixation failure in high-risk populations undergoing spinal fusion. However, the widespread clinical application of this technique has faced challenges such as inaccurate clinical decision-making (indication and contraindication selection), non-standardized operative practices, and insufficient awareness of complication prevention, resulting in considerable variability in clinical outcomes and even severe complications. To address this, Prof. Luo Fei from First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University initiated the project and the Chinese Association Orthopaedic Surgeons organized relevant experts to develop the Evidence-based clinical practice guideline for bone cement-augmented pedicle screw technique ( version 2025), based on current evidence. The guidelines put forward 8 recommendations regarding the clinical value, scope of application, and operational standards of the technique, aiming to provide evidence-based medical support and technical standardization for clinical decision-making.

Objective:To investigate the related factors for unexpected positive intraoperative cultures (UPC) in patients undergoing aseptic hip revision and the long-term prosthesis survival rate in such patients.Methods:A retrospective cases series analysis was conducted in 397 patients who underwent aseptic hip revision surgery at the Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from January 2012 to December 2021. There were 225 females and 172 males with an age ( M(IQR)) of 58(23) years (range:21 to 89 years) and a body mass index (BMI) of 25(6) kg/m 2 (range:15 to 39 kg/m 2). Based on the culture results of intraoperative specimens, patients were divided into culture-positive group (32 cases) and culture-negative group (365 cases). The clinical data were analyzed including gender, age, BMI, preoperative C-reactive protein, preoperative erythrocyte sedimentation rate, American Society of Anesthesiologists(ASA) classification, preoperative urinary bacteria, preoperative hypoproteinemia; comorbidities of diabetes mellitus, anemia, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cerebral infarction; history of allergy to antibiotics, smoking, drinking, previous prosthetic dislocation, previous surgical intervention; and time from symptom onset to admission, duration of surgery, etc. A univariate analysis was performed by Mann-Whitney U orχ2 test and the independent risk factors were identified by including the independent variables with P<0.20 in the univariate analysis in a logistic regression analysis of dichotomous variables. The study outcomes were defined as :(1) re-surgical treatment for any reason; (2)symptoms of infection such as sinus and incision seepage; (3) persistent excessive hip pain.The Kaplan-Meier survival curve was plotted using the study outcome of any cause as the endpoint event, and the log-rank test was used to compare the 10-year survival rate of the prosthesis in the culture-negative group with that in the culture-positive group. Results:Univariate analysis showed statistically significant differences between the culture-negative and culture-positive groups when comparing gender, BMI, ASA classification, and preoperative urinary bacterial results ( χ2=2.368, P=0.124; χ2=-1.648, P=0.098; χ2=14.128, P=0.003; and χ2=7.384, P=0.007). Logistic regression analysis showed that male, ASA classification Ⅳ, and positive preoperative urinary bacteria were independent risk factors for the development of UPC during aseptic hip revision( OR=2.35,95% CI:1.08 to 5.36, P=0.040; OR=37.32,95% CI:1.80 to 1 810.63, P=0.030; OR=4.11,95% CI:1.40 to 11.12, P=0.012). The follow-up time of the 397 patients included in this study was 70 (134) months (range:12 to 146 months). The Kaplan-Meier survival curves showed that the 10-year survival rates of the prostheses in the culture-negative and culture-positive groups were 95.7% and 75.0%, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference in the 10-year survival rate comparing the two groups ( P=0.661). Conclusions:UPC is more likely to occur in patients undergoing hip revision due to noninfectious factors in those who are male, have positive preoperative urinary bacteria, and have an ASA classification of Ⅳ. Intraoperative specimen culture results (negative or positive) do not affect 10-year prosthesis survival rate after hip revision.

Objective:To conduct a visual analysis of the literature on burn-related coagulation dysfunction and to explore the current research status, evolution process, hot topics, and future research trends in burn-related coagulation dysfunction at home and abroad.Methods:The bibliometrics method was used. The literature on burn-related coagulation dysfunction which were published in Web of Science and China National Knowledge Internet databases from January 1, 1950 to May 1, 2022, and met the inclusion criteria were retrieved for publication volume analysis. The literature on burn-related coagulation dysfunction were retrieved as above in the core collection of Web of Science and China National Knowledge Internet databases, and CiteSpace 5.8.R3 software was used to perform co-occurrence analysis, cluster analysis, and literature co-citation analysis of key words. Results:A total of 501 and 235 literature on burn-related coagulation dysfunction were retrieved from Web of Science database and China National Knowledge Internet database, respectively. The literature on burn-related coagulation dysfunction emerged from 1975 and 1950, respectively, in China and abroad, which were gradually increased later. The frequency and centrality of Chinese key words such as 烧伤, 凝血功能, 血小板 were high in 235 literature in China National Knowledge Internet database, and the frequency and centrality of key words such as burn, coagulation, and deep vein thrombosis were high in 340 literature in the core collection of Web of Science database. In China National Knowledge Internet database, the top 6 Chinese key words in terms of burst intensity were 烧伤患者, 临床意义, 烧伤面积, 凝血功能, 预后, 血小板, and the first 3 among which were burst key words in the early stage; and in the core collection of Web of Science database, the key words with higher burst intensity were disseminated intravascular coagulation and pulmonary embolism, which were the burst key words in the early stage. The representative clustering labels in China National Knowledge Internet database were #0 烧伤, #1 休克, and #2 并发症, etc., and the representative clustering labels in the core collection of Web of Science database were #0 risk, #1 surgical patient, and #2 sepsis. Early researches in China National Knowledge Internet database and the core collection of Web of Science database focused on the presence of burn-related coagulation dysfunction itself, while the late researches focused on the relationship between burn-related coagulation dysfunction and inflammation, immunity, coagulation in general, and wounds. From 2010 onwards, there were a large number of core cited literature in the core collection of Web of Science database, and the prevention and treatment of vein thromboembolism was the most popular research direction in recent years. The researches on optimization and standardization of diagnostic methods and the overall mechanism of burn-related coagulation dysfunction would be the main research directions in the future. Conclusions:The research hotspots and evolution processes of burn-related coagulation dysfunction at home and abroad have both similarities and differences, and the current research hotspot is the relationship between coagulation and inflammation, immunity. With researches increasingly deepening, the researches on optimization and standardization of diagnostic methods and the overall mechanism of burn-related coagulation dysfunction will be the main research directions in the future.

Objective : To investigate the effects of SETDB1 on the proliferation and apoptosis of human colon cancer cells. Methods : The senescence of colon cancer cells was induced by doxorubicin, and the protein expression of SETDB1 in the senescent cells was detected by Western blot.Colon cancer cell models with low expression of SETDB1 and overexpression of SETDB1 were constructed by using shRNA(shSETDB1#1 and shSETDB1#2) of SETDB1 and overexpression plasmid, respectively.Western blot was used to detect the expression of SETDB1,the CCK8 assay was performed to detect cell proliferation while a Senescence β-Galactosidase Staining Kit was used to detect senescent cells, and Western blot was used to detect the changes of p53 and p21.The reverse experiment was carried out with p53 overexpression plasmid. Results : Cell senescence evoked by doxorubicin could down-regulate the protein expression of SETDB1.After low expression of SETDB1,the proliferation ability of colonic cancer cells decreased, and the proportion of senescent cells increased from(22.00±4.35)% to(54.00±5.56)% and(53.33±4.93)%(P<0.001).After overexpression of STEDB1,the proliferation ability of colon cancer cells increased, and the ratio of senescent cells decreased from(43.33±6.11)% to(21.33±3.51)%(P<0.01).Through GSE56496 enrichment and analysis, it was found that SETDB1 was related to p53 signal pathway, silencing SETDB1 could increase the levels of p53 and p21 protein, while overexpression of SETDB1 could decrease the level of p53 and p21 protein, and overexpression of p53 reversed the decrease of cell senescence caused by overexpression of SETDB1. Conclusion SETDB1 inhibits the senescence of colon cancer cells by inhibiting p53/p21 signal pathway, which provides a potential target for individualized tumor therapy.

Objective:To investigate the clinical effect of percutaneous curved kyphoplasty in the treatment of old osteoporotic vertebral body with endplate fracture.Methods:Clinical data of 58 patients suffering from old osteoporotic vertebral bodies with endplate fractures from January 2018 to January 2020 were analyzed retrospectively. All patients had a single vertebral body fracture and were treated with bilateral injection of bone cement with percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP). According to the shape of the puncture device, the patients were divided into a curved needle group and a ordinary group. There were 28 cases in the curved needle group, including 7 males and 21 females, aged 60-84 years old, with an average age of 71.8±7.8 years. The distribution of vertebral bodies with fractures: T 11 3 cases, T 12 5 cases, L 1 6 cases, L 2 5 cases, L 3 3 cases, L 4 4 cases, and L 5 2 cases. In the ordinary group, there were 30 cases, 8 males and 22 females, with an average age of 73.2±8.4 years (range, 61-88 years). The vertebral body distribution of fracture: T 11 3 cases, T 12 5 cases, L 1 7 cases, L 2 4 cases, L 3 4 cases, L 4 5 cases, and L 5 2 cases. The surgery time, amount of bone cement injection, and bone cement leakage rate were compared between the two groups, as well as the visual analogue scale (VAS) and Oswestry disability index (ODI) at 1 week, 6 months, and 1 year after surgery. Preoperative and postoperative vertebral midpoint height and kyphosis Cobb angle were measured. Results:All patients were followed up for 12-24 months, with an average of 14.7±2.9 months. The bone cement leakage rate in curved needle group (18%, 5/28) was lower than that in ordinary group (23%, 7/30), but there was no significant statistical difference (χ 2=0.27, P=0.607). The amount of bone cement injection and surgery time in curved needle group (5.0±0.5 ml, 55.2±6.9 min) were significantly higher than those in ordinary group (3.4±0.6 ml, 42.9±3.6 min, P<0.05) . The scores of VAS (2.3±1.0, 2.6±1.5) and ODI (27.5%±9.7%, 28.7%±11.3%) in curved needle group were lower than those in ordinary group (2.7±1.0, 4.5±1.1 and 31.8%±10.5%, 43.1%±13.4%) at 6 months after surgery and at the last follow-up after surgery. In the curved needle group, the Cobb angle was 25.5°±3.5° preoperatively, 18.4°±1.6° postoperatively, and 20.5°±4.9°at the last follow-up. The height of the vertebral body was 14.2±1.9 mm before surgery, 21.5±2.2 mm after surgery, and 20.1±3.6 mm at the last follow-up. Compared with the preoperative results, the kyphosis Cobb angle decreased and the height of the fractured vertebral body increased at the last follow-up, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05). In the ordinary group, the Cobb angle was 24.4°±3.6° preoperatively, 23.1°±4.0° postoperatively, and 27.8°±2.9° at the last follow-up. The height of the vertebral body was 14.5±1.8 mm before surgery, 15.4±2.0 mm after surgery, and 12.7±1.0 mm at the last follow-up. At the last follow-up, the kyphosis Cobb angle increased and the height of the fractured vertebral body decreased compared with preoperative and postoperative 1 week, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05). At 1 week after surgery, 6 months after surgery and the last follow-up, the Cobb angle of curved needle group was lower than that of ordinary group ( P<0.05), the height of vertebral body was higher than that of ordinary group ( P<0.05). Conclusion:Flexible application of percutaneous curved kyphoplasty in the treatment of old osteoporotic vertebral body with endplate fractures can effectively increase the riveting force of bone cement in the vertebral body, restore the height of endplate, and reduce the occurrence of kyphosis and chronic low back pain.

ObjectiveTo investigate the correlation between systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) and prognosis in patients with hepatic alveolar echinococcosis. MethodsA retrospective analysis was performed for the clinical data of 242 patients who were admitted to Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital, from January 2015 to December 2018 and underwent surgery for hepatic alveolar echinococcosis, and SII was calculated. The chi-square test was used for comparison of categorical data between two groups, and a Spearman correlation analysis was performed. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to determine the optimal cut-off value of SII; the Kaplan-Meier method was used to plot survival curves and analyze overall survival time in the two groups, and the log-rank test was used for comparison of survival rates between the two groups; univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were used to identify the influencing factors for the prognosis of patients with hepatic alveolar echinococcosis. ResultsThe Spearman correlation analysis showed that SII was positively correlated with the postoperative fatality rate of patients with hepatic alveolar echinococcosis (r=0.267, P＜0.001). The ROC curve showed that the optimal cut-off value of SII before surgery was 758.92, and based on this, 242 patients with hepatic alveolar echinococcosis were divided into low SII (SII ≤758.92) group with 126 patients and high SII (SII ＞758.92) group with 116 patients. The low SII group had 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival rates of 98.20%, 88.47%, and 6610%, respectively, and the high SII group had 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival rates of 90.80%, 53.05%, and 27.40%, respectively. The low SII group had a cumulative survival rate of ＞50% and a mean survival time of 55.584 months (95% confidence interval［CI］: 53550-57.617), while the high SII group had a cumulative survival rate of ＜50%, a mean survival time of 39.384 months (95% CI: 35.070-43.698), and a median survival time of 43 months (95% CI: 34.694-51.306). The low SII group had a significantly better survival rate than the high SII group, and there was a significant difference in overall survival rate between the two groups (χ2=46.979, P＜005). The univariate analysis showed that SII ＞758.92 (hazard ratio ［HR］=5.907, 95% CI: 3.386-10.306, P=0.001) was an influencing factor for the overall survival time of patients with hepatic alveolar echinococcosis, and the multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that preoperative peripheral blood SII (HR=3.507, 95% CI: 1.911-6.435, P=0.001) was an independent risk factor for the overall survival rate of patients with hepatic alveolar echinococcosis. ConclusionPreoperative SII level is clearly correlated with the prognosis of patients with hepatic alveolar echinococcosis and can thus be used as a clinical indicator to evaluate the prognosis of patients. The higher the peripheral blood SII before surgery, the worse the prognosis of patients.

Objective:To study the coagulation characteristics of adult patients with extensively severe burn in shock stage and its alarming value.Methods:Retrospective cohort study was performed on medical records of 37 adult patients with extensively severe burn who were admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University from January 2014 to December 2019 and met the inclusion criteria. The patients were divided into survival group ( n=23, 17 males and 6 females, aged 41 (31, 51) years) and death group ( n=14, 11 males and 3 females, aged 50 (43, 58) years) according to the prognosis of within 60 d after burn. Basic data of patients in the two groups and their routine coagulation indexes during shock period including prothrombin time (PT), thrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), D-Dimer, fibrinogen degradation product (FDP), fibrinogen, platelet, and international normalized ratio (INR) were recorded. Data were statistically analyzed with Wilcoxon rank sum test and Fisher′s exact probability test, prognosis-related factors was analyzed with single factor and multivariate logistic regression analysis (α selected=0.05, α excluded=0.1), and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis were established to screen out the risk factors. All the patients were grouped into high score group and low score group according to the optimal threshold value, Kaplan-Meier method was used for survival analysis and Log-rank test was performed between the two groups. Results:Total burn surface area (TBSA) of patients in death group was obviously larger than that in survival group ( Z=2.980, P<0.01), while there were no statistically significant difference in the other indexes between the two groups ( P>0.05). Compared with those in survival group (16.10 (14.30, 16.90) s, 40.80 (36.20, 42.80) s, 1.30 (1.10, 1.40)), PT (18.70 (16.30, 22.70) s), APTT (46.45 (41.00, 57.10) s) and INR (1.55 (1.30, 1.96)) of patients in death group were significantly increased ( Z=2.540, 2.330, 2.300, P<0.05), there were no statistically significant difference in the other indexes between the two groups ( P>0.05). Single factor logistic regression analysis showed TBSA, PT, and APTT were factors related to death of adult patients with extensively severe burn within 60 d after burn (odds ratio (OR)=1.190, 1.214, 1.109, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.053-1.346, 1.008-1.461, 1.012-1.215, P<0.05 or P<0.01). FDP and INR were potential factors related to death of adult patients with extensively severe burn within 60 d after burn (OR=1.040 and 4.559, 95% CI =0.998-1.083 and 0.918-22.641, P<0.1). Multivariate logistic stepwise regression was used to build models of APTT+ FDP+ TBSA and APTT+ FDP. Area under the curve (AUC) of APTT+ FDP+ TBSA model score was 0.944 (95% CI= 0.873-1.000), which was higher than AUC of APTT+ FDP model score (0.843, 95% CI=0.713-0.973) by ROC curve analysis. Optimal threshold value of APTT+ FDP+ TBSA model score was -0.879 4 with sensitivity of 100% (95% CI=100%-100%) and specificity of 87% (95% CI=74%-100%). Survival ratio of patients in high score group with optimal threshold value higher than -0.879 4 was significantly lower than that in low score group with optimal threshold value lower than -0.879 4, χ2=27.090, P<0.01. Conclusions:The coagulation state of adult patients with extensively severe burn in shock stage is characterized with procoagulant and hemostatic dysfunctions accompanied by enhanced fibrinolytic activity. The risk of death is significantly increased in adult patients with extensively severe burn with APTT+ FDP+ TBSA model score higher than -0.879 4.

Objective To investigate the effect of hyperbaric oxygen ( HBO ) combined with temozolomide (TMZ) on the apoptosis of glioma U373MG cells and also to explore possible mechanism involved. Methods Upon completion of cell culture, they were divided into 4 groups, i. e. the control group, the TMZ group, the HBO group and the HBO + TMZ group. The control group received neither HBO nor drug treatment, the TMZ group only received 50μmol/L TMZ, the HBO group just received 0. 24 MPa HBO treatment for 3 hours and the HBO + TMZ group was given 50μmol/L TMZ 3 hours after HBO pretreatment. CCK-8 method was used to detect the effects of HBO and TMZ alone or combined use of 2 treatment methods on the proliferation of glioma U373MG cells. Flow cytometry was used to detect HBO and TMZ alone or combined use of 2 treatment methods on glioma U373MG cells and changes in the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Western blotting was used to detect the expression of U373MG apoptosis-related proteins. Results The proliferation inhibition of U373MG cells in the HBO+TMZ group was more obvious as compared with that of the TMZ group(P<0. 05). U373MG cells in the TMZ group showed early and late apoptosis, the rate of apoptosis in the HBO +TMZ group was significantly higher than that of the control group [(73. 19 ± 3. 58)％ vs. (30. 5 ± 2. 27)％] (P<0. 01). As compared with the blank control and HBO groups, the expression level of Bcl-2 in the TMZ group significantly decreased, while the expression level of Bax and caspase-3 markedly increased. Furthermore, more obvious changes could be detected, when the HBO+TMZ group was compared with the TMZ group(P<0. 05 or P<0. 01). ROS level in the U373MG cells of the HBO +TMZ group obviously increased(P <0. 01). With the addition of ROS scavenger NAC, apoptosis was inhibited in the HBO+TMZ group(P<0. 01). Conclusion HBO combined with TMZ could enhance the inhibitory effect of TMZ on the proliferation of U373MG cells, and promote apoptosis induced by TMZ through up-regulating ROS levels in U373MG cells.