Objective This study reports on the obligatory parasitism of water mites Arrenurus sp. on Anopheles messeae at the Manzhouli Port, Inner Mongolia, China. Methods Duing July 2024, a survey on the mosquito diversity was conducted at the Manzhouli Port. Captured mosquitoes and their ectoparasites were identified to species level. Results A total of 1840 adult mosquitoes were collected, representing species from three genera: Culex(Cx. modestus, Cx. pipiens pallens), Aedes(Ae. dorsalis, Ae. flavidorsalis, Ae. flavescens), and Anopheles (An. messeae). Among all the mosqutioes specimens,3 out of 150 captured An. messeae were found to carry ectoparasitic mites, with number of 2,4,27 mites separately. Morphological and molecular identification reached the same result as water mites(Hydrachnidiae, Hydracrina). COI gene sequence showed 94% similarity with the closest species Arrenurus truncatellus. Conlusions Literature review suggests water mites are host-specific parasitism of mosquito species and herein with the first record of Arrenurus sp. parasiting on An. Messeae in the most high-latitude region globally.

ObjectiveType I interferon (IFN-I) signaling is essential for antiviral innate immunity, yet its sustained or excessive activation contributes to the pathogenesis of several autoimmune diseases and interferonopathies, such as systemic lupus erythematosus and Aicardi-Goutières syndrome. Current strategies targeting this pathway, exemplified by JAK inhibitors, act mainly on downstream signal transduction and provide limited direct control over upstream IFN-I production, while also carrying the risk of broad immunosuppression. Phyllanthus emblica L. has long been used in traditional medicine for inflammatory disorders, but the bioactive constituent responsible for its regulation of IFN-I signaling and the underlying molecular mechanism have not been clearly defined. This study aimed to identify the active anti-inflammatory component of P. emblica and to characterize its mechanism of action on the IFN-I pathway in macrophages. MethodsActive components ofP. emblica and their candidate targets were screened by network pharmacology using the TCMSP and DrugBank databases (oral bioavailability≥30%, drug-likeness≥0.18) and intersected with inflammation-related genes retrieved from public databases. The predicted interaction between EGCG and IFN-I pathway proteins (TBK1, IRF3, STAT1) was evaluated by molecular docking, with BX795 and GSK8612 used as reference TBK1 inhibitors. Mechanistic experiments were performed in THP-1-derived macrophages and primary bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDM). Upstream signaling was activated by transfection of the nucleic acid analogs poly(I∶C) and poly(dA∶dT) or by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation, whereas downstream signaling was activated by exogenous IFN-β. An siRNA-mediated TREX1 knockdown model was used to mimic endogenous nucleic acid-driven interferonopathy. Expression of IFN-β1 and interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) was measured by RT-qPCR, protein phosphorylation by Western blot, and IFN-β secretion by ELISA. Cellular thermal shift assay (CETSA) and drug affinity responsive target stability (DARTS) were used to probe the interactionbetween EGCG and IRF3. ResultsNetwork pharmacology identified (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) as a candidate IFN-I-suppressive constituent of P. emblica, with predicted binding to TBK1, IRF3, and STAT1. Molecular docking yielded binding energies of -9.2, -7.2, and -8.2 kcal/mol for TBK1, IRF3, and STAT1, respectively, indicating an affinity for TBK1 comparable to that of the reference inhibitors BX795 (-5.7 kcal/mol) and GSK8612 (-6.4 kcal/mol). EGCG suppressed IFN-β1 and ISG mRNA expression under poly (I∶C), poly (dA∶dT), and LPS stimulation in both THP-1 macrophages and BMDM. At the protein level, EGCG reduced the phosphorylation of TBK1 and IRF3 without affecting the levels of the upstream sensors cGAS and RIG-I, and lowered IFN-β secretion in a concentration-dependent manner. CETSA and DARTS showed that EGCG did not enhance the thermal stability or protease resistance of IRF3, indicating that its effect on IRF3 is indirect. Following IFN-β stimulation, prolonged EGCG treatment reduced STAT1 phosphorylation in a time-dependent manner without an apparent change in IRF9, and partially attenuated ISG transcription; this effect was not monotonicly concentration-dependent, and CXCL10 showed the most consistent suppression. In TREX1-knockdown cells, the elevated mRNA levels of ISG15, ISG56, and CXCL10 were reduced by EGCG. ConclusionEGCG suppresses IFN-I responses by concurrently inhibiting TBK1-IRF3-dependent IFN‑β production and JAK-STAT1-mediated downstream transcription. These in vitro findings provide a mechanistic basis for the anti-inflammatory use of P. emblica in traditional medicine and identify EGCG as a candidate for further evaluation in interferon-driven autoimmune disease models.

Objective To compare the myocardial protective effects of Del nido cardioplegia(DC)and microplegia(MP)in the isolated coronary artery bypass grafting(CABG)underwent the cardiopulmonary by-pass(CPB),and evaluate the safety and efficacy of DC in isolated CABG.Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on 128 patients with isolated CABG by the same surgical team form January 2018 to April 2021 at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University.The patients were divided into MP group(n=57)and DC group(n=71)according to the use of intraoperative cardioplegia during the surgery.Preoper-ative baseline data,blood gas at 4 time points of CPB 20 min(T1),CPB 60 min(T2),end of CPB(T3),and re-turning of ICU(T4),as well as perioperative data,major postoperative complications,mortality,medium and long-terms survival rate were collected.Results Compared with preoperative baseline data,the lactate(Lac)level in the DC group was lower;During the operation,the DC group had fewer times of cardiac arrest fluid perfusion and a larger amount volume of cardioplegia(P＜0.001);In CPB,there was a higher fluid balance and a higher rate of spontaneous rebeating(88.7％vs.52.6％),differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).Blood gas at all 4 time points showed that the DC group had lower blood glucose level(P＜0.05).The cardiac troponin Ⅰ(cTnⅠ)concentration 24 h postoperative was higher(P＜0.05),and the ICU duration was shorter(P＜0.05).Correlation analysis indicated that there was no correlation between cTnⅠ concentration 24 h postoperative and aortic cross clamping time(ACCT)in both groups(P＞0.05).There was a positive correlation between the concentration of cTnⅠ 24 h postoperative and the numbers of cardioplegia deliveries(r=0.331,P=0.005)in DC group,but there was no correlation in MP group(r=0.023,P=0.866).There was no significant difference in perioperative period,postoperative complications and mortality between the two group(P＞0.05).Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that there was no statistically significant difference in the 5 years survival rate between two groups(P=0.966).Conclusion Compared with MP,DC provides a comparable myocardial protection effect in the isolated CABG,with higher security,without affecting the short and medium-term clinical outcomes in patients.

Plutonium isotopes(238Pu,239Pu,240Pu and 241Pu)in the environment are important"fingerprint"nuclides in the study of nuclear activity traceability.The content of plutonium isotopes in the environmental metrics is usually very low,and the measurement of these isotopes,especially 238Pu,using mass spectrometry is seriously interfered with by the coexisting 238U.The analysis of several plutonium isotopes in soil usually requires combination of multiple measurement techniques,which leads to a long analysis time and large uncertainty in the isotope ratio.In this work,the hydrous titanium oxide(HTiO)precipitated by the hydrolysis of titanium oxydichloride(TiOCl2)under near-neutral condition was used to preconcentrate plutonium from the soil digestion solution,and the highly efficient decontamination of 238U in the sample was achieved by TK200 resin column chromatography with a decontamination factor of 108.Simulation resuts of density functional theory(DFT)showed that NH3 was considered as a promising reaction gas to eliminate the interference of 238U from 238Pu measurement using mass spectrometry due to the significant discrepancy of the chemical reactivity of U+and Pu+with the reactive gas NH3.Experiments confirmed that by optimizing the flow rates of collision gas(He)and reaction gas(NH3),the interference of 238U could be effectively suppressed,and the decontamination factor of 238U was 104.Combined with chemical separation,the overall decontamination factor of 238U could reach 1012 by using the developed method.By combining chemical separation and tandem quadrupole inductively coupled plasmon-mass spectrometry(ICP-MS/MS)measurement,the simultaneous determination of four ultra-trace plutonium isotopes in soil was realized,and the detection limit of plutonium isotopes was at the femtogram level.Analysis of the international standard reference materials(NIST-SRM-4357 and IAEA-384)showed that the established method could be successfully used for the accurate analysis of ultra-trace four plutonium isotopes(238Pu,239Pu,240Pu and 241Pu)in soil samples.

Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is one of common cancer that seriously endangers human health.Designing methods for early,rapid,and accurate diagnosis of HCC has become the key point.Golgi protein 73(GP73),a novel potential biomarker for HCC,is crucial for diagnosis and treatment of HCC.In this study,a colorimetric sensor with rapidity,smplicity and high specificity was established for detection of GP73 based on peroxidase-like activity of hemin-reduced graphene oxide-manganese dioxide(H-rGO-MnO2).The H-rGO-MnO2-GP73Apt1 signal probe was synthesized by carboxyl of H-rGO-MnO2 nanozyme and amination of GP73 aptamer(GP73Apt1)though amide reaction.In the presence of GP73,the sulfhydryl-modifed GP73 aptamer(GP73Apt2),as the capture probe,and the signal probe both specifically recognized GP73,forming a sandwich structure(GP73Apt2-GP73-H-rGO-MnO2-GP73Apt1).This structure could catalyze the oxidation of H2O2 to produce hydroxyl radical(·OH),thereby oxidizing the colorless phthalenediamine(OPD)into the yellow 2,3-diaminophenazine(DPA).The quantitative detection of GP73 was achieved by measuring the characteristic absorbance of DPA at 450 nm.In the GP73 concentration range of 10-150 ng/mL,there was a good linear relationship between the DPA absorbance at 450 nm(A450 nm)and the GP73 concentration under optimal conditions.The linear equation was A450 nm=0.00321CGP73+0.8988,with the correlation coefficient(R2)of 0.9960 and the detection limit(LOD)of 5.38 ng/mL.The colorimetric sensor was applied to detection of GP73 in human serum samples,with recoveries of 88.4%?98.8%.This sensor showed high specificity,sensitivity,and stability,and had potential for clinical detection of GP73,providing a new approach for the early diagnosis of HCC.

Nursery services are a vital component of childcare for infants and toddlers.The quality and management of nursery services significantly impact the holistic development of infants and toddlers in terms of their physical,psychological,and social skills and capabilities.The first 1000 days in the life of an infant or toddler are a critical period that shapes their health status for their whole life,which highlights the need to prioritize health in childcare for infants and toddlers and to approach daily childcare services from a medical perspective.Based on the approach of integrating medical care and education,we innovatively explored and constructed a multidisciplinary patrol supervision model for childcare services,focusing on the PDCA cycle(Plan-Do-Check-Act cycle).We aim at establishing a multidisciplinary team of medical and nursing experts who provide evaluation and guidance for the institutional management,health management for infants and toddlers,disease prevention,and risk identification and screening of childcare services for infants and toddlers.This approach addresses the issue of the simplistic nature of the traditional patrol supervision involving only childcare physicians,improves service quality with high efficiency,meets the expectations of both childcare service providers and the families of infants and toddlers-the users of childcare services,enhances the effective implementation of childcare for infants and toddlers based on the integration of medical care and education,and improves the quality of a health-centered approach to childcare for infants and toddlers.

Objective To identify risk factors for severe hand-foot-mouth disease(HFMD)cases in Fuzhou,providing scientific evidence for disease prevention and control.Methods Severe pediatric HFMD cases in Fuzhou between 2017 and 2024 were collected from the"China Disease Prevention and Control Information System".Non-severe cases were frequency-matched based on the same onset period,same affected region,same parents'educational level,and age(±1 year)to form a non-severe group.Demographic characteristics,clinical symptoms,medical history,and pathogen types of both groups were collected.Logistic regression was used to identify the risk factors for severe cases.Results From 2017 to 2024,Fuzhou reported 503 severe HFMD cases and 1053 matched non-severe cases.Demographically,severe group had a higher proportion of home-based childcare,rural residence,care-seeking delay>2 d,while EV71 vaccination rates,handwashing habits before meals and after defecation,and caregivers with HFMD prevention education were lower than those in non-severe group,with statistically significant difference(P<0.001).Clinically,severe group showed more frequent fever>3 d,altered consciousness/seizure,limb tremors/convulsions,the proportion of infectious disease and the proportion of EV71-positive cases than those in non-severe group(P<0.001).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that home-based childcare(OR=3.213,95%CI 1.913-5.398),rural residence(OR=2.121,95%CI 1.513-2.973),lack of EV7 vaccination(OR=3.141,95%CI 1.996-4.945),care-seeking delay>2 d(OR=2.004,95%CI 1.410-2.849),no handwashing habits before meals and after defecation(OR=3.927,95%CI 1.718-5.356),caregiver without HFMD education(OR=2.465,95%CI 1.807-3.362),fever>3 d(OR=2.585,95%CI 1.801-3.709),altered consciousness/seizures(OR=4.059,95%CI 2.731-6.031),limb tremors/convulsions(OR=2.087,95%CI 1.398-3.117),history of infectious disease(OR=3.369,95%CI 1.725-6.335)and EV71 positivity(OR=3.854,95%CI 2.678-5.545)were risk factors for severe HFMD cases.The recovery time in severe group was significantly longer than that in non-severe group[18(5,32)d vs.11(4,23)d,P<0.001].Conclusions Prevention and control efforts should target high-risk groups by strengthening health education,promoting EV71 vaccination and improving the treatment of severe HFMD cases to reduce the incidence of severe HFMD.

Objective:To observe the effect of intensified heel anti-gravity posture stability training on the gait of stroke survivors.Methods:Thirty-six hemiplegic stroke survivors were randomly divided into a control group and an experimental group, each of 18. Both groups received conventional rehabilitation treatment (including limb positioning, limb movement training and conventional walking training), while the experimental group was additionally provided with 30 minutes of intense heel anti-gravity posture stability training 5 days a week for 4 weeks. Before and after the treatment, the subjects′ walking speed, stride frequency, step length, peak knee flexion angle and peak hip flexion angle were documented using three-dimensional gait analysis with a movement training system.Results:The average walking speed, stride rate, step length, peak hip flexion and peak knee flexion of both groups had improved significantly after the treatments. But the average walking speed [(0.46±0.06)m/s], step length [(85.05±6.68)cm], peak hip flexion angle [(34.80±2.80)°] and peak knee flexion angle [(40.55±3.58)°] of the treatment group were significantly better than those of the control group.Conclusions:Intensified heel anti-gravity posture stability training can significantly improve the walking speed, step length, hip flexion and knee flexion of hemiplegic stroke survivors.

BACKGROUND: The clinical impact of post-percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) quantitative flow ratio (QFR) in patients treated with PCI for chronic total occlusion (CTO) was still undetermined. METHODS: All CTO vessels treated with successful anatomical PCI in patients from PANDA III trial were retrospectively measured for post-PCI QFR. The primary outcome was 2-year vessel-oriented composite endpoints (VOCEs, composite of target vessel-related cardiac death, target vessel-related myocardial infarction, and ischemia-driven target vessel revascularization). Receiver operator characteristic curve analysis was conducted to identify optimal cutoff value of post-PCI QFR for predicting the 2-year VOCEs, and all vessels were stratified by this optimal cutoff value. Cox proportional hazards models were employed to calculate the hazard ratio (HR) with 95% CI. RESULTS: Among 428 CTO vessels treated with PCI, 353 vessels (82.5%) were analyzable for post-PCI QFR. 31 VOCEs (8.7%) occurred at 2 years. Mean value of post-PCI QFR was 0.92 ± 0.13. Receiver operator characteristic curve analysis shown the optimal cutoff value of post-PCI QFR for predicting 2-year VOCEs was 0.91. The incidence of 2-year VOCEs in the vessel with post-PCI QFR < 0.91 (n = 91) was significantly higher compared with the vessels with post-PCI QFR ≥ 0.91 (n = 262) (22.0% vs. 4.2%, HR = 4.98, 95% CI: 2.32-10.70). CONCLUSIONS Higher post-PCI QFR values were associated with improved prognosis in the PCI practice for coronary CTO. Achieving functionally optimal PCI results (post-PCI QFR value ≥ 0.91) tends to get better prognosis for patients with CTO lesions.

BACKGROUND: The atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) has been shown to be positively correlated with cardiovascular disease in previous studies. However, it is unclear whether elderly people with long-term high AIP levels are more likely to develop coronary heart disease (CHD). Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between AIP trajectory and CHD incidence in elderly people. METHODS: 19,194 participants aged ≥ 60 years who had three AIP measurements between 2018 and 2020 were included in this study. AIP was defined as log₁₀ (triglyceride/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol). The group-based trajectory model was used to identify different trajectory patterns of AIP from 2018 to 2020. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) with 95% CI of CHD events between different trajectory groups from 2020 to 2023. RESULTS: Three different trajectory patterns were identified through group-based trajectory model: the low-level group (n = 7410, mean AIP: -0.25 to -0.17), the medium-level group (n = 9981, mean AIP: 0.02-0.08), and the high-level group (n = 1803, mean AIP: 0.38-0.42). During a mean follow-up of 2.65 years, a total of 1391 participants developed CHD. After adjusting for potential confounders, compared with the participants in the low-level group, the HR with 95% CI of the medium-level group and the high-level group were estimated to be 1.24 (1.10-1.40) and 1.43 (1.19-1.73), respectively. These findings remained consistent in subgroup analyses and sensitivity analyses. CONCLUSIONS There was a significant correlation between persistent high AIP level and increased CHD risk in the elderly. This suggests that monitoring the long-term changes in AIP is helpful to identify individuals at high CHD risk in elderly people.