Objective: To forecast the risk distribution of inter-animal plague in Meriones unguiculatus effectively and provide scientific evidence for prevention and control of inter-animal plague, through studying the correlation between meteorological and environmental factors and inter-animal plague in Meriones unguiculatus. Methods: Positive data of plague bacterial culture in 30 epidemic source areas of Meriones unguiculatus in the Inner Mongolia plateau from 2005 to 2018, including detecting time, number of bacteria, latitude and longitude or detailed location, host type, were from the Chinese Disease Prevention and Control System Plague Prevention Management Information System and related professional institutions for plague prevention and treatment. Logistic regression was used to explore the relationship between the inter-animal plague and climate-related risk factors. The Maximum Entropy (Maxent) model was used to predict the habitat distributions of inter-animal plague, and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to validate the model. Results: There were 11 climatic factors including annual mean temperature, isothermality, temperature seasonality, mean temperature of driest quarter, mean temperature of warmest quarter, mean temperature of coldest quarter, annual precipitation, precipitation seasonality, globcover, normalized difference vegetation index and slope, were related to the outbreak of plague among Meriones unguiculatus and included in the model (OR = 1.302, 0.455, 0.957, 0.930, 4.864, 0.179, 0.986, 1.126, 0.992, 0.981, 0.721, P < 0.01). The increase of annual mean temperature, mean temperature of warmest quarter and precipitation seasonality will increase the risk of animal plague in the plague foci of Meriones unguiculatus; the increase of isothermality, temperature seasonality, mean temperature of driest quarter, mean temperature of coldest quarter, annual precipitation, globcover, normalized difference vegetation index, and slope will reduce the risk of animal plague in the plague foci of Meriones unguiculatus. The areas under the curve (AUCs) of the Maxent model training data and test data were 0.988 and 0.985, the prediction effect of the model was better. The habitat distribution of Meriones unguiculatus plague mainly concentrated in the central and northern Ulanqab plateau, Ordos plateau, and eastern Hetao plain. Conclusions The use of Maxent model and climate data can predict the potential risks and spatial distribution of animal plague in Meriones unguiculatus; the results are accurate and reliable.

Objective: To explore the safety and feasibility of transumbilical single channel laparoscopic cryptorchidopexy with conventional instruments in treatment of cryptorchidism in children. Methods: Thirty-five children with cryptorchidism were treated by transumbilical single channel laparoscopic cryptorchidopexy with conventional instruments from November 2017 to March 2018 at Department of Pediatric Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University.Clinical data were recorded including the general information, operation time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative testicular position and postoperative complications, etc. Results: All 35 patients completed the cryptorchidopexy in one operation.Among those 35 patients, 28 patients had unilateral lesions and 7 patients had bilateral lesions, with a total of 42 sides.Twenty-six patients were of groin type(33 sides), 9 patients abdominal type(9 sides). The average operation time was (40.4±8.2) min for unilateral lesion, and (62.5±15.3) min for bilateral lesions; the average intraoperative blood loss was (3.0±1.8) mL; and the average postoperative hospital stay was (6.4±2.1) h. Testis of 32 patients (40 sides) were fixed in the middle and bottoms of the scrotum, and testis of 2 patients (2 sides) were fixed on the top of the scrotum.One case had poor healing of naval incision, which was recovered in 1 week after dressing change.There were no postoperative complications such as scrotum hematoma, infection of incision, testicular epididymitis, testicular necrosis, testicular retraction or testicular atrophy, etc.No obvious visible scar was found in the abdomen review 2 weeks postoperatively, with the incidence of complications was 2.9%(1/35 cases). Conclusions Transumbilical single channel laparoscopic cryptorchidopexy with conventional instruments in treatment of cryptorchidism is characterized by small trauma, quick recovery, low complication rate and visible scar free result, which is worthy of clinical promotion, but the operation is relatively complex and the correct procedures are required.

Objective To investigate effects of polyphylin Ⅰ on the proliferation and apoptosis of human melanoma cell line A375,and to explore their mechanisms.Methods Normal human melanocytes isolated from healthy human foreskin were divided into 6 groups to be treated with 0,1.5,3.0,6.0,9.0,12.0 mg/L polyphyllin Ⅰ respectively.A375 melanoma cells were divided into 4 groups,i.e.,control group,1.5-,3.0-,6.0-mg/L polyphyllin Ⅰ groups,to be treated with 0,1.5,3.0,6.0 mg/L polyphyllin Ⅰ,respectively.Cell counting kit-8 (CCK8) assay was performed to evaluate the effect of polyphyllin Ⅰ on the proliferation of normal human melanocytes and A375 cells.Hoechst 33258 fluorescent staining was conducted to observe the morphology of apoptotic cells,flow cytometry to estimate cell cycle phase distribution and apoptosis rate,dichloro-dihydro-fluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) fluorescent probe assay to detect the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS),rhodamine-123 staining to evaluate changes of mitochondrial membrane potential,spectrophotography to detect the level of ATP in A375 cells,as well as levels of lactic acid and glucose in the culture supernatant of A375 cells,and Western blot analysis to determine the protein expression of Bcl-2,Bcl-2-related X protein (Bax),cleaved-caspase-3,cyclin D1 and pyruvate kinase isozyme type M2 (PKM2).Statistical analysis was carried out by using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) for comparisons among groups and Student-Newman-Keuls-q (SNK-q) test for multiple comparisons.Results CCK8 assay showed that the treatment with polyphyllin Ⅰ at concentrations of 1.5,3.0,6.0 mg/L for 48 hours had no effects on the proliferation of normal human melanocytes,but significantly inhibited the proliferation of A375 cells.The survival rate of A375 cells was significantly lower in the 1.5-,3.0-,6.0-mg/L polyphyllin Ⅰ groups than in the control group (P ＜ 0.01).After the treatment with polyphyllin Ⅰ,distinct apoptotic morphology of A375 cells was observed under fluorescence microscope.Additionally,along with the increase of polyphyllin Ⅰ concentrations (0,1.5,3.0,6.0 mg/L),there were gradual increasing trends in the apoptosis rate of A375 cells (4.25％ ± 1.27％,10.03％ ± 1.49％,36.62％ ± 1.97％,44.11％ ± 2.47％ respectively,F =665.7,P ＜ 0.01),the percentage of A375 cells at G0/G1 phase (54.13％ ± 2.57％,67.35％ ± 3.79％,74.39％ ± 3.29％,82.29％ ± 3.99％ respectively,F =71.81,P ＜ 0.01),the level of ROS in A375 cells (P ＜ 0.01),the level of glucose in the culture supernatant (P ＜ 0.01),and the protein expression of Bax and cleaved-caspase-3 (both P ＜ 0.01),while gradual decreasing trends were found in the levels of mitochondrial membrane potential and ATP in A375 cells (both P ＜ 0.01),the level of lactic acid in the culture supernatant (P ＜ 0.01),and the protein expression of Cyclin D1,Bcl-2 and PKM2 (all P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion Polyphyllin Ⅰ can effectively induce A375 cell apoptosis by promoting the production of ROS in A375 cells and decreasing the mitochondrial membrane potential,and arrest A375 cells at G0/G1 phase by inhibiting the expression of PKM2 and Cyclin D1.

Objective:To detect the expression and clinical significance of β-tubulin Ⅲ in cancer tissue of the patients with colon adenocarcinoma,and to explore its clinical significance.Methods:A total of 111 colon adenocarcinoma tissue samples were obtained.According to the location of β-tubulin Ⅲ positive cells, all patients were divided into front group (n=72) and non-front group (n=39).The positive expression rate of β-tubulin Ⅲ in the patients with colon adenocarcinoma was detected with immunohistochemistry.The correlations among the expression of β-tubulin Ⅲ and gender,age,tumor differentiation, clinical stage, lymph node metastasis, recurrence and death were analyzed.Results: The expression levels of β-tubulin Ⅲ had no significant differences between the patients with different gerder,age,lymph node metastasis,clinical stages,death and recurrence.The positive expression rates of β-tubulin in cancer tissue of the patients had significant difference between front and non-front groups (χ2=8.76, P=0.01).Lowly-to-moderately differentiated tissue was more common in front group, and highly-differentiated tissue was more common in non-front group(χ2=6.88, P=0.03).There were significant differences in the expression levels of β-tubulin Ⅲ between cancer tissues with different differentiation degrees (χ2=5.74, P=0.04).In non-front group, lymph node metastasis was closely correlated with the expression of β-tubulin Ⅲ (χ2=6.02,P=0.05).The results of immunohistochemical staining showed that the β-tubulin Ⅲ positive-expressing cells were colored brown-yellow.The number of cells with positive β-tubulin Ⅲ expression was significantly increased in highly differentiated tissue compared with low-differentiated tissue.Conclusion:The expression of β-tubulin Ⅲ is closely related to tumor differentiation in colon adenocarcinoma tissue.The highly differentiated colon adenocarcinoma tissue is more common in non-front group in which the expression of β-tubulin Ⅲ is related to lymph node metastasis.

Objective To explore the expression alteration and significance of inteleukin (IL)-37 in pso-riasis valguris (PV) patients. Methods Patients with PV had been treated with oral acitretin for 8 weeks. PASI score, ELISA and qRT-PCR were used to exam the data of 38 patients (PV group) and 32 controls (control group). Results IL-37 in PV group was significantly higher than that in control group (P < 0.001) and IL-37 changed slightly after 4 weeks of treatment(P > 0.05) but decreased obviously after 8 weeks(P < 0.001). Signif-icant correlations existed among PASI scores, IL-37, IFN-γ and IL-17, as well as among IL-37 and IFN-γ, IL-17 (P < 0.05). Conclusions The increase of IL-37 is relevant to PV development and is associated with pa-tients’ conditions, IFN-γ and IL-17 but the alteration of IL-37 is not related with IL-4.

Objective Toexplore the expression and significance of microRNA-155 (miR-155) in psoriasis vulgaris. Methods Areal-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) method with TaqMan probe technology was performed to detect miR-155 expression in skin lesion area and nonskinlesionalarea of 35 patients with psoriasis vulgaris , compared with that of 30 normal controls. The correlations among miR-155 expression, psoriasis area and severity index (PASI) score and Interleukin-17A(IL-17A)expression were studied. Results The expressions of miR-155 and IL-17A in lesional and non-lesionalgroups were higher than that of control group (all P < 0.01). Also expressions in lesional skin were higher than non-lesional skin (both P < 0.01). In skin lesion group, significant positive correlations existed betweenmiR-155 or IL-17A expression and PASI score as well as miR-155 and IL-17A expression (all P < 0.05). Conclusions Up-expression of miR-155 was relevant to psoriasis development , which is related withthe hyperfunctionof Th17 cells in psoriasis.

OBJECTIVETo analyze the epidemiology data on plague in five counties in Zhejiang province and to evaluate the risk of plague in theses areas.

METHODSWe selected five monitoring stations as a risk assessment (Qingyuan county, Longquan city, Yiwu city, Wencheng county, and Ruian city) in Zhejiang province where the plague epidemic more serious in the history. At least one constant site and 1-4 variable sites where plague occurred in history were selected for monitoring. We collected the five counties (cities) surveillance data of indoor rat density, indoor Rattus flavipectus density, the Xenopsylla cheopis index of rat, the Xenopsylla cheopis index of Rattus flavipectus in 1995-2014. Isolation of Yersinia pestis was conducted among 171,201 liver samples and F1 antibody were detected among 228,775 serum samples. Risk matrix, Borda count method, and Delphi approach were conducted to assess risk of the plague of five counties (cities) in Zhejiang province.

RESULTSIndoor rat density in Qingyuan county, Longquan city, Yiwu city, Wencheng county, Ruian city was 1.58%-5.50%, 1.13%-9.76%, 0.56%-3.67%, 2.83%-16.08%, 7.16%-15.96%, respectively; Indoor Rattus flavipectus density of five counties (cities) was 0.08%-2.23%, 0-2.02%, 0-0.54%, 0.71%-5.58%, 0.55%-4.92%, respectively. The Xenopsylla cheopis index of rat in Qingyuan county and Wencheng county was 0.011-0.500 and 0.015-0.227, respectively; The Xenopsylla cheopis index of Rattus flavipectus of Qingyuan county and Wencheng county was 0.119-3.412 and 0.100-1.430, respectively; Ruian City and Yiwu city cannot collected Xenopsylla cheopis, Long quan city only collected the Xenopsylla cheopis index of rat in the five years. Yersinia pestis were not isolated in five counties (cities).There were 3 Apodemus agrarius samples positive of plague F1 antibody test, in Longquan city and Yiwu city in 2005. Borda count method to assess the Longquan city, Yiwu (Borda point were both 321) plague risk was higher than three other regions; Delphi approach to evaluation five counties (cities) belong to the plague had a lower risk areas, according to the level of risk score (Pf) Longquan city and Yiwu (Pf was 0.314, 0.292, respectively) plague risk were higher than three other regions (Pf were all 0.292).

CONCLUSIONThe main host and media were lower in five key plague surveillance counties (cities) of Zhejiang province; The result of Borda count method and Delphi approach for risk assessment indicated that endogenous plague recrudescence was at lower level, but Longquan city and Yiwu city risk were higher than other counties (cities).

Animals ; Cities ; Epidemics ; Epidemiological Monitoring ; Humans ; Murinae ; Plague ; Rats ; Risk Assessment ; Yersinia pestis

Objective To discuss the expressions and clinical significance of p53 and p33ING1b in human psoriasis and basal cell carcinoma (BCC). Methods Immunohistochemistry EnVision technique was used to detect the expressions of p53 and p33ING1b in samples of 36 psoriasis vulgaris, 28 BCC and 14 normal skins. Results The expression of p53 increased while p33ING1b had a degressive expression in the control group, the psoriasis group and the BCC group. It was found significant statistical difference between the two groups (all P < 0.05). Prominent positive correlation between p53 and p33ING1b were found in both psoriasis group and BCC group (all P<0.05). Conclusions p53 coacts with p33ING1b at local lesions of abnormal proliferative diseases . It′s one of the most prominent mechanisms contributing to deviant cell proliferation.

A real time PCR assay for the detection of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in seafood samples was developed using a novel specific target and a competitive internal amplification control (IAC). The specificity of this assay was evaluated using 390 bacterial strains including V. parahaemolyticus, and other strains belonging to Vibrio and non-Vibrio species. The real time PCR assay unambiguously distinguished V. parahaemolyticus with a detection sensitivity of 4.8 fg per PCR with purified genomic DNA or 1 CFU per reaction by counting V. parahaemolyticus colonies. The assays of avoiding interference demonstrated that, even in the presence of 2.1 μg genomic DNA or 10(7) CFU background bacteria, V. parahaemolyticus could still be accurately detected. In addition, the IAC was used to indicate false-negative results, and lower than 94 copies of IAC per reaction had no influence on the detection limit. Ninety-six seafood samples were tested, of which 58 (60.4%) were positive, including 3 false negative results. Consequently, the real time PCR assay is effective for the rapid detection of V. parahaemotyticus contaminants in seafood.
ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters ; genetics ; DNA Primers ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Food Microbiology ; methods ; Genome, Bacterial ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Seafood ; microbiology ; Vibrio ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Vibrio parahaemolyticus ; genetics ; isolation & purification

The aim of this study was to establish a fast and accurate method for developing specific DNA sequences and PCR primers for the detection of Staphylococcus aureus. An automatic C++ program for genomic comparison was used to identify specific DNA sequences from the genome of S. aureus MRSA 252. Four primer pairs were obtained from 9 specific target sequences by comparison of 2656 coding sequences with our local genome database, and 2 pairs of primers were confirmed to be specific to S. aureus by PCR evaluation against 137 bacterial strains, including 11 species of Staphylococcus. Furthermore, the DNA detection sensitivity of primer SA3 was 13.7 fg/microL and the cell sensitivity for this primer was 9.25 x 10(2) CFU/mL. This method has overcome the limitations of specific target mining in conventional assays, and it could be easily and widely used for other foodborne pathogens.
DNA Primers ; DNA, Bacterial ; analysis ; genetics ; Genome, Bacterial ; genetics ; Genomics ; methods ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; methods ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; methods ; Software ; Staphylococcus aureus ; genetics ; isolation & purification