Nonunion of osteoporotic vertebral fractures (OVF), predominantly affecting the elderly, can lead to intractable pain, vertebral collapse, progressive kyphotic deformity, and neurological impairment, significantly compromising patients′ quality of life. There exists considerable debate on diagnosis and management of OVF, encompassing key issues such as clinical diagnosis and staging criteria for nonunion, surgical indications and procedure selection, and postoperative rehabilitation planning. Currently, there lacks standardized clinical guideline and expert consensus on the diagnosis and management of OVF nonunion in China. To address this gap, Minimally Invasive Surgery Group of Chinese Orthopedic Association, Osteoporosis Committee of Chinese Association of Orthopedic Surgeons, Prevention and Rehabilitation Committee for Osteoporosis of Chinese Association of Rehabilitation Medicine and Minimally Invasive Orthopedic Surgery Branch of China Association for Geriatric Care jointly organized domestic experts in spinal surgery, endocrinology, and rehabilitation to formulate the Clinical guideline for the diagnosis and treatment for nonunion of osteoporotic vertebral fractures ( version 2025), based on existing literature and clinical experience and adhering to principles of scientific rigor and practicality. The guideline provided 13 evidence-based recommendations encompassing diagnosis and treatment of OVF nonunion, aiming to standardize its clinical management.

Nonunion of osteoporotic vertebral fractures (OVF), predominantly affecting the elderly, can lead to intractable pain, vertebral collapse, progressive kyphotic deformity, and neurological impairment, significantly compromising patients′ quality of life. There exists considerable debate on diagnosis and management of OVF, encompassing key issues such as clinical diagnosis and staging criteria for nonunion, surgical indications and procedure selection, and postoperative rehabilitation planning. Currently, there lacks standardized clinical guideline and expert consensus on the diagnosis and management of OVF nonunion in China. To address this gap, Minimally Invasive Surgery Group of Chinese Orthopedic Association, Osteoporosis Committee of Chinese Association of Orthopedic Surgeons, Prevention and Rehabilitation Committee for Osteoporosis of Chinese Association of Rehabilitation Medicine and Minimally Invasive Orthopedic Surgery Branch of China Association for Geriatric Care jointly organized domestic experts in spinal surgery, endocrinology, and rehabilitation to formulate the Clinical guideline for the diagnosis and treatment for nonunion of osteoporotic vertebral fractures ( version 2025), based on existing literature and clinical experience and adhering to principles of scientific rigor and practicality. The guideline provided 13 evidence-based recommendations encompassing diagnosis and treatment of OVF nonunion, aiming to standardize its clinical management.

Hydrocephalus is a common neurological disease with complex etiology. It is characterized by the accumulation and continuous growth of cerebrospinal fluid in the ventricular system and subarachnoid space. Hydrocephalus can be caused by congenital genetic factors, brain trauma and cerebral hemorrhage. Through the efforts of many researchers, the pathogenesis of hydrocephalus is being completed, but it has not been fully explained. The imbalance of cerebrospinal fluid production and absorption into the sinus, and disorder of the cerebrospinal fluid circulation pathway or the osmotic pressure maintenance in the ventricle can lead to increased cerebrospinal fluid and ventricular dilatation.
Cerebral Hemorrhage ; Cerebral Ventricles ; Cerebrospinal Fluid ; Humans ; Hydrocephalus

Objective To summarize the clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment of infantile Sandhoff disease. Methods The clinical data of one case with infantile Sandhoff disease were reviewed retrospectively. The related literatures were reviewed. Results The girl aged 1 year and 2 months suffered from psychomotor regression and intractable convulsions. The parents were consanguineous marriage. The fundus microscopy showed fundus erythema. Brain magnetic resonance imaging showed an abnormal signal of long T2WI and identical T1WI at left pons, white matter edema, and diffuse demyelination. No abnormal karyotype was observed. A chromosome microarray suggested multiple large homozygous chromosomes segments. The second generation gene sequencing showed deletion of c.1263_1268delTGAAGT:P. (Glu422_Val423del) deletion in exon 11 and a shear mutation of c.1614_2A>G:P? in intron 13 of HEXB gene which were carried by her parents respectively . The activity of HexA, HexA & HexB were 84 and 112 nmol?mg?1?h?1, respectively. Finally, this girl was diagnosed of infantile Sandhoff's disease. After treatment with valproate, levetiracetam combined with antiepileptic and glucocorticoids, episodes of convulsions were decreased gradually, and the reaction was better than before. In 5 months of follow up, the condition was stable, and no progression and no seizures exist. Her mother got pregnant again and received an amniocentesis on her 21+6 weeks of pregnancy, and results suggest that the fetus had the same mutation as this girl. Conclusions Sandhoff's disease is a type of rare hereditary lysosomal disease, characterized by progressive neurological impairment. Currently there are no effective treatments. Genetic testing is helpful in the diagnosis and prenatal diagnosis.

Objective To observe the protective effect and molecular mechanism of C-phycocyanin (CPC) on acute lung injury (ALI) in septic rats. Method 75 SD rats were randomly divided into control group, model group and CPC group. Cecal ligation and puncture was used to establish a septic acute lung injury rats (model group). For the CPC groups, septic acute lung injury rats were administrated by 20, 40 and 60 mg/kg CPC by intraperitoneal injection. 72 h after the operation, serum and lung tissue were obtained, the wet to dry weight ratio, the content of TNF-α、IL-6 and IL-10 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, the activity of myeloperoxidase (MPO) was analyzed. Expression of heme oxygenase (HO)-1,activation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf 2) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-B) were detected by Western blot. Superoxide and Nitrite/Nitrate Level production in Lungs and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were measured by chemiluminescence and reduction method, respectively. Results Treatment with CPC significantly inhibited septic-induced inflammatory responses including elevation of superoxide formation, myeloperoxidase activity, leucocytes and protein infiltration in lung tissues, and production of proinflammatory cytokine, and nitrite/nitrate in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (P<0.05). In addition, CPC could activate Nrf 2 and induce HO-1 expression, and inhibit NF-B activation in ALI rats. However, blocking HO-1 activity by tin protoporphyrin IX (SnPP), an HO-1 inhibitor, markedly abolished these beneficial effects of CPC in septic-induced ALI. Conclusion The protection mechanism of CPC may be through HO-1 induction and suppressing of NF-kB-mediated inflammatory responses.

Objective To investigate the effects of acupoint catgut-embedding therapy(ACT) on hypothalamic of hypothalamic norepinephrine(NE),dopamine(DA),5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT),5-hydroxyindole acetic acid(5-HIAA) in menopause rats,and to explore the preventive and therapeutic mechanism of ACT for climacteric syndrome.Methods Sixty female SD rats were equally randomized into treatment group,model group and sham-operation group.Except the rats in the sham-operation group,the rats in other groups received removal of bilateral ovaries to establish ovariectomized menopause rat models.The treatment group received catgut-embedding on acupoints of Shenshu,Sanyinjiao and Zigong,once per week,and the treatment lasted 4 weeks.After treatment,the hypothalamic NE,DA,5-HT,5-HIAA levels were measured by radioimmunoassay.Results NE and DA levels were significantly decreased(P