Objective:To investigate the clinical effect of the divisional design in composite labia minora and clitoral hood reduction.Methods:A retrospective analysis was performed on 57 patients diagnosed with labia minora and clitoral hood hypertrophy at Department of Plastic Surgery, Nanjing Medical University Friendship Plastic Surgery Hospital between July 2018 and May 2021. The ages of the patients ranged from 24 to 45 years with an average of (31.0±8.2) years. Preoperative symptoms and surgical demands included: appearance concerns in 57 cases (100%), irritation during friction in 49 cases (86.0%), and discomfort during intercourse in 22 cases (38.6%). The complex hypertrophy was divided into simple labia minora hypertrophy and clitoral hood hypertrophy. Then the reduction of clitoris hood was performed according to the prepuce morphology, and labiaplasty was performed using edge resection. The operative effects, patient satisfaction, and postoperative complications were assessed.Results:All incisions healed primarily with no flap necrosis or marginal infections. Hematoma occurred in 1 case which recovered well after timely treatment. All patients were followed up for 3-12 months. 54 cases were satisfied with the labia minora and clitoral hood shape and reported no sensory abnormality. Bilateral asymmetry occurred in 2 cases, one of which required further surgical repair. Scar hyperplasia occurred and was gradually softened after 6 months in 1 case. Of the 57 patients with appearance concerns, 55 (96.5%) patients reported improved appearance postoperatively. Of the 49 patients with preoperative friction discomfort, 47 (95.9%) patients achieved symptom relief. Of the 22 patients reporting sexual discomfort, 15 (68.1%) patients noted enhanced sexual satisfaction postoperatively. Overall, 54 (94.7%) patients were satisfied, 2 (3.5%) patients were moderately satisfied, and 1 (1.8%) patient was unsatisfied.Conclusions:For patients with labia minora and clitoral hood hypertrophy, the application of divisional design is surgically simple and safe. It achieves satisfactory outcomes with no severe adverse reactions.

Objective:To investigate the clinical effect of the divisional design in composite labia minora and clitoral hood reduction.Methods:A retrospective analysis was performed on 57 patients diagnosed with labia minora and clitoral hood hypertrophy at Department of Plastic Surgery, Nanjing Medical University Friendship Plastic Surgery Hospital between July 2018 and May 2021. The ages of the patients ranged from 24 to 45 years with an average of (31.0±8.2) years. Preoperative symptoms and surgical demands included: appearance concerns in 57 cases (100%), irritation during friction in 49 cases (86.0%), and discomfort during intercourse in 22 cases (38.6%). The complex hypertrophy was divided into simple labia minora hypertrophy and clitoral hood hypertrophy. Then the reduction of clitoris hood was performed according to the prepuce morphology, and labiaplasty was performed using edge resection. The operative effects, patient satisfaction, and postoperative complications were assessed.Results:All incisions healed primarily with no flap necrosis or marginal infections. Hematoma occurred in 1 case which recovered well after timely treatment. All patients were followed up for 3-12 months. 54 cases were satisfied with the labia minora and clitoral hood shape and reported no sensory abnormality. Bilateral asymmetry occurred in 2 cases, one of which required further surgical repair. Scar hyperplasia occurred and was gradually softened after 6 months in 1 case. Of the 57 patients with appearance concerns, 55 (96.5%) patients reported improved appearance postoperatively. Of the 49 patients with preoperative friction discomfort, 47 (95.9%) patients achieved symptom relief. Of the 22 patients reporting sexual discomfort, 15 (68.1%) patients noted enhanced sexual satisfaction postoperatively. Overall, 54 (94.7%) patients were satisfied, 2 (3.5%) patients were moderately satisfied, and 1 (1.8%) patient was unsatisfied.Conclusions:For patients with labia minora and clitoral hood hypertrophy, the application of divisional design is surgically simple and safe. It achieves satisfactory outcomes with no severe adverse reactions.

Objective To investigate the effects of electroacupuncture (EA) on spatial learning and memory ability, long-term potentiation (LTP) and synaptophysin (Syp) levels in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus.Methods Forty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into a sham-operated control group, a model group, an EA group and a medication group. A rat model of vascular dementia (VD) was established by repeated ischemia and reperfusion after pretreatment with sodium nitroprusside. EA was applied to the rat homologues of the human "Baihui" (GV20) and "Dazhui" (DU14) acupoints of the rats in the EA group for 20 min, once daily for 10 d.Morris water maze tests were conducted for evaluating the rats,learning and memory ability. LTP in the hippocampal dentate gyrus was recorded as an electrophysiological index for evaluating learning and memory. Antigenic Syp produced in hippocampal tissue was examined with immunohistochemical assays. Results In comparison the with model group, escape latency (EL) shortened and target-platform crossing times increased significantly in the EA and medication groups. After high frequency stimulation the population spike (PS) latency shortened in the EA group compared with the model group, and the excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP) slope and PS amplitude increased.All of these differences were statistically significant. Syp positive cells also increased significantly in the EA-treated rats. Conclusions EA can increase Syp expression and improve the learning and memory ability of rats with this model of VD. EA could facilitate the induction and maintenance of LTP in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus through influencing synaptic transmission.