Objective To investigate the intervention effects and mechanism of icariin on prostate cancer based on network pharmacology and animal experiments.Methods The targets of icariin were predicted using the SwissTargetPrediction database.Protein-protein interaction networks were constructed with the String database,and core targets were screened using Cytoscape 3.9.1.GO and KEGG enrichment analysis on core targets were conducted with the Metascape database to predict the mechanism of action.A PC-3 tumor-bearing mouse model of prostate cancer was established to observe the inhibitory effects of icariin alone and in combination with paclitaxel on tumor growth.Results Network pharmacology predictions suggested that icariin has potential therapeutic effects on prostate cancer,with core targets potentially including serine/threonine kinase 1(AKT1),B-cell lymphoma-2(BCL2),epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR),heat shock protein 90 alpha family class A member 1(HSP90AA1),heat shock protein 90 alpha family class B member 1(HSP90AB1),nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1(NF-κB1),tumor protein p53,etc.Animal experiments found that compared with the model control group,the tumor volume growth in the icariin group and the paclitaxel group was significantly inhibited,and the serum tumor necrosis factor content was significantly reduced,while testosterone levels did not change significantly.Both groups significantly downregulated the mRNA expression of Notch1,Jagged1 and Hes1(P<0.05),with the combined treatment group showing a more significant inhibitory effect.Conclusions Both network pharmacology and animal experimental results confirmed that icariin has a significant inhibitory effect on prostate cancer.One of the mechanisms of its anti-tumor effects may be the significant inhibition of the activated Notch signaling pathway in tumors.

Objective:To investigate the clinical effect of transsphincter fistulectomy in the treatment of anal fistula.Methods:Seventy-three patients with anal fistula who received treatment in Zhoushan Hospital from March 2016 to March 2020 were included in this study. They were randomly assigned to undergo either conventional incision combined with thread-drawing drainage (control group, n = 35) or transsphincter fistulectomy (observation group, n = 38). Operative time, wound healing time, length of hospital stay, Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score 24 and 48 hours after surgery, complications, the improvement in anal sphincter function before and 3 months after surgery were compared between the two groups. Results:Operative time, wound healing time and length of hospital stay in the observation group were (49.83 ± 7.67) minutes, (20.78 ± 3.54) days and (5.31 ± 1.27) days, which were significantly shorter than those in the control group [(62.31 ± 5.45) minutes, (25.87 ± 3.10) days, (7.78 ± 1.32) days, t = 8.063, 6.512, 8.133, all P < 0.05). The VAS score 24 and 48 hours after surgery in the observation group were (2.43 ± 0.64) points and (1.21 ± 0.36) points, respectively, which were significantly lower than those in the control group [(3.87 ± 1.23) points, (2.83 ± 0.97) points, t = 6.347 and 9.607, both P < 0.05]. The incidence of complication in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group [5.26% (2/38) vs. 28.57% (10/35), χ2 = 7.206, P < 0.05]. Conclusion:Transsphincter fistulectomy in the treatment of anal fistula has good therapeutic effects, can reduce pain and has little impact on the function of anal sphincter. It is innovative and scientific.

Objective:To assess the change rules of fetal cervical, thoracic and lumbar spinal volume and centrum volume with gestational ages.Methods:The 3.0 T MRI was performed on 55 fetal specimens ranging from 17 to 42 gestational weeks with sequence of three dimensional T 2WI. Among 55 samples, 20 samples were obtained from spontaneous abortion of pregnant women and 35 samples were obtained from induced labor of mothers due to serious diseases. The fetal specimen was derived from sectional imaging anatomy research institute of the medical school of Shandong University. No spinal abnormalities were found on CT scans. The cervical, thoracic and lumbar spinal volume was obtained by delineating the vertebral body contour on the reconstructed cross-sectional image with the OsiriX software (www.osirix-viewer.com). And the volume of the cervical, thoracic and lumbar spine was divided by the number of the vertebral bodies to obtain the centrum unit volume. Five lumbar vertebral bodies were measured one by one. Regression analysis was made between the volume of cervical, thoracic and lumbar spine and gestational weeks, and between the volume of lumbar vertebral bodies and gestational weeks to analyze the growth rule of spine. Results:(1) The cervical, thoracic and lumbar spine volume increased linearly with gestational ages, and the linear regression equation was as follows: cervical spine volume (mm 3) =-1 260.937+81.235×gestational week ( R2=0.974, P<0.05), thoracic spine volume (mm 3) =-5 933.521+347.503×gestational week ( R2=0.972, P<0.05), lumbar spine volume (mm 3) =-5 130.912+294.473×gestational week ( R2=0.976, P<0.05). (2) The order from large to small of fetal spinal growth rate was thoracic, lumbar and cervical segment. Within the same gestational age, the order from large to small of spinal volume was thoracic, lumbar and cervical segment. The order from large to small of centrum unit volume growth rate was lumbar, thoracic and cervical vertebrae. (3) The volume of each lumbar vertebral body also increased linearly with gestational age. Conclusion:The cervical, thoracic and lumbar volume show a good correlation with the gestational weeks in the second and third trimester fatal specimens, and the growth rate of different segments is different.

Objective To investigate the spectrum of pathogens in the pus of anal fistula patients in Zhoushan offshore areas and features of antibiotic resistance of pathogens.Methods The spectrum of pathogens in the pus of 132 anal fistula patients admitted into the Zhoushan Hospital from January 2010 to June 2014 and drug sensitivity were analyzed retrospectively.Then,statistical analyses were made in the spectrum of pathogens and drug sensitivity results by using chi-square test and Logistic regression.Results Pathogenic detection in the pus of 132 anal fistula patients revealed that 69 eases were positive,with a positive rate of 52.27％ (69/132),of which 2 cases were mixed infection.From the isolated bacteria,it was indicated that E.coli accounted for 64.79％ (46/71),of which 19 strains of ESBLs-producing E.coli accounted for 41.30％ (19/46).There were 5 strains of enterobaeter cloacae and klebsiella pneumonia,which accounted for 7.04％ (5/71).E.coli was relatively more sensitive to meropenem,amikacin,imipenem and piperacillintazobactam,with drug resistance rates lower than 10％.But,E.coli was less sensitive to other drugs with drug resistance rates higher than 28％.The drug resistance rates of ESBLs-producing E.coli to such non-β-lactam antibiotics as tetracycline,piperacillin-tazobactam,chloromycetin,ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin were relatively higher than those of the non-ESBLs-producing E.coli,with statistical significance (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Pathologic detection in the pus of anal fistula patients revealed that E.coli was the prevalent bacteria,with ESBLs-producing E.coli accounting for a relatively high rate,and drug resistance rates to various antibiotics were obviously higher than those of the non-ESBLs-producing E.coli,to which greater attention should be paid.

Objective To investigate the spectrum of pathogens in the pus of anal fistula patients in Zhoushan offshore areas and features of antibiotic resistance of pathogens.Methods The spectrum of pathogens in the pus of 132 anal fistula patients admitted into the Zhoushan Hospital from January 2010 to June 2014 and drug sensitivity were analyzed retrospectively.Then,statistical analyses were made in the spectrum of pathogens and drug sensitivity results by using chi-square test and Logistic regression.Results Pathogenic detection in the pus of 132 anal fistula patients revealed that 69 eases were positive,with a positive rate of 52.27％ (69/132),of which 2 cases were mixed infection.From the isolated bacteria,it was indicated that E.coli accounted for 64.79％ (46/71),of which 19 strains of ESBLs-producing E.coli accounted for 41.30％ (19/46).There were 5 strains of enterobaeter cloacae and klebsiella pneumonia,which accounted for 7.04％ (5/71).E.coli was relatively more sensitive to meropenem,amikacin,imipenem and piperacillintazobactam,with drug resistance rates lower than 10％.But,E.coli was less sensitive to other drugs with drug resistance rates higher than 28％.The drug resistance rates of ESBLs-producing E.coli to such non-β-lactam antibiotics as tetracycline,piperacillin-tazobactam,chloromycetin,ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin were relatively higher than those of the non-ESBLs-producing E.coli,with statistical significance (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Pathologic detection in the pus of anal fistula patients revealed that E.coli was the prevalent bacteria,with ESBLs-producing E.coli accounting for a relatively high rate,and drug resistance rates to various antibiotics were obviously higher than those of the non-ESBLs-producing E.coli,to which greater attention should be paid.

ObjectiveTo study the morphology, normal values and lateral asymmetry of Chinese calcarine sulcus on MRI. Methods High-resolution and transverse MRI were obtained from 40 female volunteers. Brainvisa software was used to reconstruct the calcarine sulcus and measure its average length, depth and width automatically. Results The posterior branch of calcarine sulcus showed six types in the median sagittal plane: bifurcation(32.50%), single peak(25.00%), flat (16.25%), S-shaped (15.00%), double peak(7.50%) and other shape (3.75%); its location had three types: inferior(72.50%), middle(21.25%)and superior(6.25%). The depth of left calcarine sulcus was (15.24±2.67)mm, and the right one was (16.97±3.25)mm, which revealed great statistical significance (P＜0.000 1). The width of left calcarine sulcus was (3.14±0.91)mm, and it was (3.19± 0.83)mm in the right side. The bottom length of calcarine sulcus: the left was (86.47±16.85)mm, the right was (83.62±17.10)mm. The top length of calcarine sulcus: the left was (70.52±12.40)mm, the right was (64.90±15.17)mm. There were not statistical significance in width, bottom length and top length between left and right calcarine sulci. More than half of the end part of calcarine sulci turned to the lateral surface of cerebral hemisphere.Totally 63 cases (78.75%) were found with prominent calcar avis. Conclusion Significant difference of depth between left and right calcarine sulcus of female was found. Three-dimensional reconstruction is an effective method to study the anatomy of calcarine sulcus.

Objective To study the developmental process of the region of basal nuclei of postmortem fetuses by 3.0 T and 7.0 T MRI.Methods One hundred and thirty-one postmortem fetuses of 14 to 40 weeks of gestational age(GA)were scanned by 3.0 T MR,of which 11 fetuses of 14-27 weeks of GA were chosen and scanned by 7.0 T MR. The time when the structures in the region of basal nuclei could be detected and the changes of MR signal intensity were analyzed for MRI of different Tesla.Results On 3.0 T MRI.the dorsal thalamus could be delineated as early as 14 weeks of GA. The germinal matrix, caudate nucleus,and putamen could be visualized as early as 15 weeks of GA. The globus pallidus could be described as early as 18 weeks of GA.and the internal capsule and external capsule could be shown as early as 20 weeks of GA. The signal of the caudate nucleus during 15-30 weeks of GA was relatively hypointense on T1WI and hyperintense on T2WI.but during 31-40 weeks of GA, it was relatively hyperintense on T1WI and hypointense on T2WI. The putamen had a relatively high signal intensity on T1WI and low signal intemity on T1WI during 15-17 weeks of GA, and it appeared patchy during 18-25 weeks of GA,then it had a relatively low signal intensity on T1WI and high signal intensity on T2WI during 26-30 weeks of GA, and during 31-40 weeks of GA,its signal intensity was relatively high on T1WI and low on T2WI.The globus pallidus had a relatively high signal intensity on T1WI and low signal intensity on T2WI during 20-40 weeks of GA Compared to the 3.0 T MRI,the T2 images of 7.0 T MRl were more clear,and most structures in the region of basal nuclei could be clearly displayed as early as 16 weeks of GA.such as the germinal matrix,caudate nucleus,dorsal thalamus,putamen,globus pallidus,internal capsule,and external capsule.The claustrum could be delineated as early as 18 weeks of GA on 7.0 T MRI. Conclusions 3.0 T MRI could show the developmental process of the region of basal nuclei well,but the T2 images of 7.0 TMRl were comparatively better.

Objective To study the capability of high field MRI in demonstrating the post-mortem fetal brains at different gestational age(GA).Methods One hundred and eight post-mortem fetal brains of 14-40 weeks GA were evaluated by 3.0 T MRI. Eleven brains of 14 to 27 weeks GA with good 3.0 T MRI images were chosen and scanned by 7.0 T MRI. The developing sulci, layered structures of fetal cerebral cortex and basal nuclei were evaluated on MRI of different Tesla(3.0 T and 7.0 T)and their results analyzed. Results On T_1 WI of 3.0 T MRI, the layered structures of fetal cerebral cortex were present at 14 weeks GA, the sulci were more accurately identified after 16 weeks GA. The basal nuclei were clearly distinguishable after 20 weeks GA. and these structures were better visualized as the GA increased. On T_2WI of 7.0 T MRI, the sulei, layered structures of fetal cerebral cortex and basal nuclei were shown more clearly at the same GA when compared to 3.0 T, especially the sulci at the early developmental stages. Conclusions T_1 WI of 3.0 T MRI could show the developing structures of post-mortem fetal brain well, but the T_2 WI of 7.0 T MRI were comparatively better.

Objective To investigate the morphology and relationships with the adjacent structures in the pineal region on the thin sections and to provide anatomic data for imaging diagnosis and surgical treatment of diseases in this region. Methods By CT and MRI examination, one normal head specimen was selected for this study. Using the computerized freezing milling technique, the specimen was sliced from anterior to posterior. The in vivo MR images were obtained from ten normal Chinese male adult volunteers using a 3.0 T GE scanner. The base lines of the sectioning and the MR scan were perpendicular to the AC-PC line. Then primary sections were contrasted with the corresponding MR images. Results By the appearance of the pineal peduncle and the disappearance of the pineal gland, the pineal region could be divided into three parts from anterior to posterior, and the shape changed from an inverted triangle to a trapezoid and a triangle gradually. The first interspace was getting wider in the anterior and middle parts of the pineal region, while in the posterior part of the pineal region, it was getting narrower and disappeared finally. From anterior to posterior, the bilateral internal cerebral veins were always in the midline of the pineal region and descended gradually.Conclusion By the computerized freezing milling technique, the anatomic details and adjacent relationships of the pineal region could be exhibited clearly in the thin serial sections, which could help the imaging diagnosis and surgical treatments for minute diseases in this region.

To investigate the security of semen biologically, 15 bull semen samples were collected (of which 5 exhibited clinical signs of Foot-and-mouth disease) and identified by RT-PCR and virus isolation. The results indicated that the semen of the infected bulls were contaminated by Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV), but FMDV was not detected in semen samples from those bulls not showing clinical signs of Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD). This is the first report of the presence of FMDV in bull semen due to natural infection in China. The analysis of the partial sequence of the VP1 gene showed that the virus strain isolated from semen has 97.9% identity with the virus isolated from vesicular liquid of infected bulls showing typical signs of FMD and belonged to the same gene sub-group.