BACKGROUND:Cellular senescence,which triggers the aging process of physiological decline in the body,is closely related to osteoporosis.With the development of aging research,significant progress has been made in the study of targeted clearance of senescent cells.Accordingly,senolytic cell therapy for osteoporosis based on this has attracted increasing attention.Current research on the association between aging and osteoporosis shows the characteristic of multidisciplinary intersection.However,existing reviews are mostly based on a single database(such as PubMed)and lack a systematic comparative analysis of Chinese and English literature.Therefore,it is of great academic value to integrate resources from multiple databases and systematically reveal the research status and hot trends of aging in the field of osteoporosis research.OBJECTIVE:To summarize the development,current status,hotspots,and future trends of research on aging in the field of osteoporosis over the past 20 years,so as to provide references for future related research.METHODS:We searched for research literature on the correlation between aging and osteoporosis in CNKI,WanFang,VIP and Web of Science Core Database.The search time span was from August 1,2004 to September 24,2024.Then,we used NoteExpress 4.0 for data cleaning and CiteSpace 6.3R1(Advanced)and Excel(2024)for literature analysis.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Since 2004,research on the correlation between aging and osteoporosis has shown a significant growth trend.Bibliometric analysis shows that(as of September 2024),and 1 275 English documents and 151 Chinese documents have been published,with the highest number of publications in China and the United States.In terms of publishing institutions,the Mayo Clinic ranked first,followed by Shanghai Jiao Tong University and the University of California system.As for core authors,Sundeep Khosla and Joshua Nicholas Farr were the authors with the most publications and citations,while Pei Lingpeng and Hui Bodi were the most worthy of attention in Chinese literature.After the keywords"aging"and"osteoporosis"and their synonyms were excluded,it was found that cellular senescence,senescence-associated secretory phenotype,signaling pathways,and targeted senolytic cell clearance therapy haven been the current research hotspots and theoretical frontiers.

BACKGROUND:Cellular senescence,which triggers the aging process of physiological decline in the body,is closely related to osteoporosis.With the development of aging research,significant progress has been made in the study of targeted clearance of senescent cells.Accordingly,senolytic cell therapy for osteoporosis based on this has attracted increasing attention.Current research on the association between aging and osteoporosis shows the characteristic of multidisciplinary intersection.However,existing reviews are mostly based on a single database(such as PubMed)and lack a systematic comparative analysis of Chinese and English literature.Therefore,it is of great academic value to integrate resources from multiple databases and systematically reveal the research status and hot trends of aging in the field of osteoporosis research.OBJECTIVE:To summarize the development,current status,hotspots,and future trends of research on aging in the field of osteoporosis over the past 20 years,so as to provide references for future related research.METHODS:We searched for research literature on the correlation between aging and osteoporosis in CNKI,WanFang,VIP and Web of Science Core Database.The search time span was from August 1,2004 to September 24,2024.Then,we used NoteExpress 4.0 for data cleaning and CiteSpace 6.3R1(Advanced)and Excel(2024)for literature analysis.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Since 2004,research on the correlation between aging and osteoporosis has shown a significant growth trend.Bibliometric analysis shows that(as of September 2024),and 1 275 English documents and 151 Chinese documents have been published,with the highest number of publications in China and the United States.In terms of publishing institutions,the Mayo Clinic ranked first,followed by Shanghai Jiao Tong University and the University of California system.As for core authors,Sundeep Khosla and Joshua Nicholas Farr were the authors with the most publications and citations,while Pei Lingpeng and Hui Bodi were the most worthy of attention in Chinese literature.After the keywords"aging"and"osteoporosis"and their synonyms were excluded,it was found that cellular senescence,senescence-associated secretory phenotype,signaling pathways,and targeted senolytic cell clearance therapy haven been the current research hotspots and theoretical frontiers.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of subanesthetic dose of esketamine on postoperative anxiety and recovery in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy. METHODS A total of 200 patients scheduled for laparoscopic cholecystectomy at Suzhou Ninth Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University from January 2023 to December 2024 were randomly assigned to control group （n＝100） and observation group （n＝100）. One minute before the initiation of anesthesia， patients in the control group received intravenous injections of Propofol emulsion injection， Sufentanil citrate injection， and Succinylcholine chloride injection. On this basis， patients in the observation group received an intravenous injection of Esketamine hydrochloride injection. The anxiety status of patients in both groups was compared， along with their general intraoperative conditions （including sufentanil dosage， duration of pneumoperitoneum， operative time， anesthesia time， and extubation time）， postoperative recovery， incidence of adverse reactions， and the need for dezocine rescue analgesia. Heart rate and mean arterial pressure， entropy index （state entropy and response entropy）， inflammatory marker levels [interleukin-6 （IL-6） and C-reactive protein （CRP）]， numerical rating scale （NRS） for pain intensity were compared between the two groups at different time points. RESULTS No significant differences were found between the two groups in pneumoperitoneum duration， operative time， anesthesia time，extubation time， incidence of postoperative dry mouth， entropy index or length of stay in the post-anesthesia care unit （P＞0.05）. Compared with the control group， the observation group showed significantly lower postoperative STAI-S scores， reduced intraoperative sufentanil consumption， decreased incidence of postoperative nausea， vomiting， and shivering， the need for dezocine rescue analgesia， as well as lower plasma IL-6 and CRP levels at 24 h after surgery， and NRS （P＜0.05）. The heart rate and mean arterial pressure of patients in the observation group at the start of surgery， end of surgery， and during extubation were all significantly higher than those in the control group （P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS Subanesthetic dose of esketamine can effectively alleviate postoperative anxiety， reduce intraoperative opioid consumption， suppress postoperative inflammatory response， relieve postoperative pain， and promote recovery in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

ObjectiveTo observe the effects of Yifei Tongluo prescription on the NOD-like receptor protein 3 （NLRP3）/Caspase-1/gasdermin D （GSDMD） pathway and epithelial-mesenchymal transition （EMT） in rats with pulmonary fibrosis. MethodsTracheal instillation of bleomycin was conducted to establish a rat model of pulmonary fibrosis. Thirty Sprague-Dawley （SD） rats were randomly divided into a blank group， a model group， a prednisone acetate group （1.17 mg·kg^-1）， and low- and high-dose Yifei Tongluo prescription groups （10.62 and 21.24 g·kg^-1， respectively）. Administration started on the 7th day after modeling， once a day for 28 consecutive days. The lung coefficient of each group was calculated. The pathological changes of lung tissues in each group were observed by hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining and Masson staining. The expression of α-smooth muscle actin （α-SMA） and vimentin in rat lung tissues was detected by immunohistochemistry. The expression of NLRP3 inflammasome， E-cadherin （E-cad）， and typeⅠ collagen （ColⅠ） in lung tissues was detected by immunofluorescence. The content of hydroxyproline （HYP）， tumor necrosis factor （TNF）-α， interleukin （IL）-18， and IL-1β in rat serum was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. The mRNA expression levels of NLRP3， apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD （ASC）， IL-1β， and transforming growth factor （TGF）-β₁ in rat lung tissues were determined by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR）. The protein expression levels of NLRP3， GSDMD， ASC， and Caspase-1 in rat lung tissues were determined by Western blot. ResultsCompared with the blank group， the model group exhibited a significantly increased lung coefficient （P<0.01） and significantly increased range of pulmonary interstitial inflammation and collagen deposition. In addition， the levels of α-SMA， Vimentin， E-cad， and ColⅠ in lung tissues were significantly increased （P<0.01）. The levels of fibrosis- and inflammation-related factors HYP， TNF-α， IL-18， and IL-1β in serum were significantly upregulated （P<0.01）. The levels of factors related to the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome in lung tissues， including NLRP3， GSDMD， ASC， Caspase-1， IL-1β， and TGF-β₁， were significantly upregulated （P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， the Yifei Tongluo prescription groups showed improved lung coefficients. Additionally， the extent of lung inflammation and collagen deposition was significantly reduced. The expression of α-SMA， Vimentin， E-cad， and ColⅠ in lung tissue was significantly decreased （P<0.01）. The levels of HYP， TNF-α， IL-18， and IL-1β in serum were significantly reduced （P<0.01）. The expression levels of NLRP3， GSDMD， ASC， Caspase-1， IL-1β， and TGF-β₁ in lung tissue were also significantly decreased （P<0.01）. ConclusionYifei Tongluo prescription can regulate the NLRP3/Caspase-1/GSDMD pathway， down-regulate release of pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic cytokines， alleviate NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis and EMT， and thereby improve pulmonary fibrosis in rats.

Objective To analyze personal external exposure dose monitoring results of pet hospital radiation workers in Beijing from 2022 to 2024, and to provide scientific evidence for developing effective monitoring protocols, standardizing radiological practices in pet hospitals, and protecting the health of both workers and the public. Methods Personal dose equivalents, H_p(10), were measured using GR-200A thermoluminescent dosimeters. Monitoring included radiation workers at 286 pet hospitals across all 16 districts of Beijing from 2022 to 2024. Each monitoring cycle lasted no more than 90 days. Annual effective doses were calculated by summing the results of four consecutive quarterly cycles. Data were processed and analyzed using Access and TLPS 6.41 software. All evaluations complied with national laws, regulations, and technical standards. Results A total of 1,579 person-time measurements were recorded. Only 51.87% of workers completed the full four-cycle annual monitoring schedule. Over the study period, the mean annual effective dose was 0.29 mSv, and the median dose was 0.14 mSv. The collective effective dose was 238.34 man-mSv. Notably, 94.26% of workers had annual effective doses below 1.0 mSv, and only 0.12% had doses at or above 5 mSv. Dose levels showed a statistically significant downward trend (P<0.05). Both independent and chain-branded clinics had a median annual effective dose of 0.14 mSv. In independent clinics, the proportion of workers with doses below 1.0 mSv increased from 80.77% in 2022 to 98.82% in 2024. In chain-branded clinics, this proportion rose from 96.88% to 98.11% over the same period. Conclusion Radiation exposure among pet hospital workers in Beijing remains at low levels, well below regulatory limits, and shows an overall declining trend. The disparity in personal doses between independent and chain-branded pet hospitals has diminished over time. Nevertheless, the industry still faces challenges such as high staff turnover and low monitoring completion rates. Expanding monitoring coverage and harmonizing protection standards would provide a scientific basis for precise, nationwide regulation.

Objective This study compared organ doses and effective doses in typical adult patients during dental CBCT examinations using a head-and-neck anthropomorphic phantom and a whole-body phantom. It aimed to determine an appropriate method for evaluating effective dose in dental CBCT. Methods A domestically manufactured dental CBCT unit was used to scan an adult male anthropomorphic phantom under simulated clinical conditions. Thermoluminescent dosimeters were placed on organs and tissues of a whole-body anthropomorphic phantom. Organ equivalent doses were measured, and effective doses were calculated using two approaches: one based on all organ doses from the whole-body phantom, and the other based only on head-and-neck organ doses. Entrance surface air kerma (K_a,e) was also measured at the lens of the eye, thyroid, thymus, and gonads. Results The effective dose estimated with the whole-body phantom was 382.03 μSv. The effective dose estimated with the head-and-neck phantom was 354.03 μSv. The radiation dose to head-and-neck organs and tissues accounted for 92.7% of the total effective dose. The highest K_a,e values were found in the parotid glands, followed by the lens of the eye. Conclusion During dental CBCT scanning, the contribution of organ below the head and neck to the total effective dose is limited. To simplify dose assessment procedures, the effective dose for the patient can be evaluated using only a head-and-neck phantom.

Objective·To study the effect of neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum perovskite(Nd:YAP)laser biostimulation on the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of human periodontal ligament cells(hPDLCs)and its possible mechanism.Methods·Five premolars removed for orthodontic reasons were collected from Changzhou Stomatological Hospital,and the periodontal ligament tissues from the middle 1/3 of the roots were taken to culture hPDLCs in vitro.The cells were irradiated with the biostimulation function[G(-)mode]of the Nd:YAP laser.According to the irradiation time,the cells were divided into a control group(without laser irradiation),and groups irradiated for 5 s,10 s,15 s,20 s and 30 s.The cell counting kit-8(CCK-8)method was used to detect the proliferation of hPDLCs in each group.After osteogenic differentiation was induced,the alkaline phosphatase(ALP)content and activity level of the cells were detected using an ALP staining kit and an ALP activity detection kit.The calcium salt level of the cells was evaluated by alizarin red S staining and calcium quantitative analysis.The expression of genes and proteins related to the WNT/β-catenin signaling pathway,including dickkopf-related protein 1(DKK-1),β-catenin,and runt-related transcription factor 2(RUNX2),was analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR(qPCR)and Western blotting.Results·The results of CCK-8 showed that the proliferation level of cells in the 10 s,15 s,20 s,and 30 s groups was enhanced from 3 d after irradiation(all P<0.05).After induction of osteogenic differentiation,ALP content,activity,and calcium salt level in the laser irradiation groups increased with the extension of irradiation time(all P<0.05).The results of qPCR and Western blotting analysis showed that the expression levels of the DKK-1 gene and protein in the laser irradiation groups decreased with the extension of irradiation time.However,the expression levels of β-catenin and RUNX2 genes and proteins increased significantly with the extension of irradiation time;there were statistically significant differences between the 15 s,20 s,and 30 s groups and the control group(all P<0.05).Conclusion·Nd:YAP laser biostimulation may promote proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of hPDLCs through WNT/β-catenin signaling pathway.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the current status of occupational hazards among nursing staff in general hospitals,explore the influencing factors and analyze the prevalence of occupational exposure among the nursing staff.METHODS A survey was conducted for the nursing staff who were selected from 8 general hospitals in Bei-jing through convenience sampling method,and the data regarding the occupational exposure among the nursing staff from 2023 to 2024 were summarized and analyzed.Statistical analyses were performed for the survey data by SPSS 23.0 software.RESULTS Among 963 nursing staff included in the survey,the average index of total occupa-tional risk was 311.55;19 of 28 items of occupational hazard risks were intolerable risks.There were no significant differences in the risk indexes among the nursing staff with different education backgrounds and working years;there were significant differences in the hazard risk indexes of body mechanics,psychological society and organiza-tional factors among the nursing staff with different titles(P＜0.05).There were significant differences in acci-dent hazard,physical hazard,body mechanics,psychological society,organizational hazard and biological hazard among the different departments of nursing staff(P＜0.05).There were totally 184 case-times of occupational ex-posures that were actively reported by nursing staff in 2023 and 2024.CONCLUSIONS The status of occupational exposure among the nursing staff in the general hospitals remains concerning.The structure of occupational haz-ards has shifted from predominantly physical risks to psychosocial risks.The perceptions of occupational risks vary significantly among the nursing staff with different titles,the occupational risk vary among the departments,and a cognitive-behavioral dissociation in occupational protection practices persists to some extent among the nursing personnel.Healthcare institutions must continuously strengthen occupational protection system through multidi-mensional approaches to address these evolving challenges.

The occurrence and development of laryngopharyngeal reflux(LPR)are closely related to the changes in the qi movement of the spleen,stomach,liver and lungs.The authors believed that"earth stagnation and wood depression"is the key to the onset of LPR.Based on this,the disease could be treated in three stages.In the early stage,the main symptoms are spleen clearing but not rising,difficulty in reducing gastric turbidity and abnormal rise and fall.Treatment should focus on regulating the spleen and stomach,promoting clearing and reducing turbidity,and commonly using modified Liujunzi Decoction;at the beginning of the middle stage,the main symptoms are earth stagnation,stagnation of qi and reflux of the throat.The treatment is suitable for using herbs clearing wood and promoting earth,regulating qi movement,and commonly using Sini Powder combined with modified Banxia Houpo Decoction or Chaihu Shugan Powder;at the end of the middle stage,the main treatment methods are wood stagnation turning into fire,horizontal rebellion invading the earth and upper inflammation punishing the metal.The treatment is suitable for using herbs acid in flavour for dispersing and herbs bitter in flavour foe descending,clearing the liver and stomach,and commonly using modified Banxia Xiexin Decoction and Zuojin Pills;in the later stage,the main symptoms are spleen and stomach deficiency,failure of earth to produce gold and failure of gold to break through without making a sound.The treatment is suitable for using herbs cultivating earth to produce gold,nourishing the throat and benefiting the throat,and commonly using modified Maimendong Decoction or Shenling Baizhu Powder,in order to provide theoretical basis for the treatment of LPR with TCM,broaden the thinking of diagnosis and treatment,and better improve clinical efficacy.

Periodontitis as a common chronic inflammatory oral disease,seriously threatens oral and systemic health.Currently,the clinical conventional treatment options for periodontitis mainly include mechanical therapy and drug therapy.Mechanical treatment,such as scaling and curettage,can to some extent remove dental plaque and tartar,but it was difficult to completely remove bacteria in deep periodontal pockets,leading to inflammation that was prone to recurrence.Traditional drug treatments,such as the use of antibiotics,have limited long-term use due to issues such as drug resistance and side effects,while restricted its long-term use.As an important derivative of artemisinin,artemether has various unique pharmacological activities such as anti-inflammatory,antibacterial,immune regulation,and promotion of tissue repair.Currently,multiple basic studies have shown that artemether can be used for the treatment of periodontitis.This article reviews the pharmacological effects of artemether in the prevention and treatment of periodontitis,aiming to provide theoretical basis for the clinical treatment of periodontitis and assist in the development of new treatment plans.