Asarum forbesii is a perennial herb born in a shaded and humid environment, which is warm in nature. With the efficacy of warming lung, resolving fluid retention, and relieving coughs, it can be used to treat the syndrome of cold fluid accumulating in lung. To investigate the effects of different shading conditions on the composition and efficacy of A. forbesii, this study planted A. forbesii under 20% natural light(NL20), 40% natural light(NL40), 60% natural light(NL60), and 80% natural light(NL80) and utilized ultra performance liquid chromatography(UPLC) and micro broth 2-fold dilution method to detect the volatile chemical compounds and the minimum inhibitory concentration. At the same time, the study investigated the effects of A. forbesii grown under different shading conditions on the signs, pathological changes of lung tissues, serum cytokine levels, activities of mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes Ⅰ-Ⅴ in lung tissues, and relative expression of related genes of mice with syndrome of cold fluid accumulating in lung. The results indicated that with the increase of shading, the content of kakuol, methyl eugenol, and asarinin in A. forbesii and the antibacterial effect showed a tendency of increasing first and then decreasing, and the NL40 group was significantly better than the other groups. Under the conditions of NL20 and NL40, A. forbesii significantly alleviated the pathological damage to lung tissues, restored the homeostasis of the lung, and enhanced the energy metabolism level of mice with syndrome of cold fluid accumulating in lung. In addition, A. forbesii planted under the two conditions reduced the content of interleukin-8(IL-8), interleukin-13(IL-13), tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), and mucin 5AC(MUC5AC), increased the levels of interleukin-10(IL-10) and aquaporin 1(AQP1), lowered the expression of MMP9, VEGF, TGF-β, and MAPK3. In conclusion, the therapeutic effect of A. forbesii on the syndrome of cold fluid accumulating in lung was positively correlated with the degree of shading, and the chemical composition and efficacy of warming lung and resolving fluid retention were optimal under the conditions of NL20-NL40. This study can provide reference for the pharmacological research and cultivation of A. forbesii.
Animals ; Mice ; Lung/pathology* ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/administration & dosage* ; Male ; Light ; Cytokines/genetics* ; Humans

Dendrobium officinale(DO) is a traditional Chinese medicinal and edible plant, while it is critically endangered worldwide. This article, primarily based on the original research findings of the author's team and available articles, provides a comprehensive overview of the factors contributing to the endangerment of DO and the key technologies for the conservation, efficient cultivation, and value-added utilization of this plant. The scarcity of wild populations, low seed-setting rates, lack of endosperm in seeds, and the need for symbiosis with endophytic fungi for seed germination under natural conditions are identified as the primary causes for the rarity and endangerment of DO. Artificial seed production and tissue culture are highlighted as key technologies for alleviating the endangered status. The physiological and ecological mechanisms underlying the adaptation of DO to epiphytic growth are explored, and it is proposed that breaking the coupling of high temperature and high humidity is essential for preventing southern blight, a devastating affliction of DO. The roles of endophytic fungi in promoting the growth, improving the quality, and enhancing the stress resistance of DO are discussed. Furthermore, the integration of variety breeding, environment selection, and co-culture with endophytic fungi is emphasized as a crucial approach for efficient cultivation. The value-added applications of DO in pharmaceuticals, health foods, food products, and daily chemicals-particularly in the food and daily chemical industries-are presented as key drivers for a 10-billion-RMB-level industry. This systematic review offers valuable insights for the further development, utilization, and industrialization of DO resources, as well as for the broader application of conservation strategies for other rare and endangered plant species.
Dendrobium/microbiology* ; Endangered Species ; Seeds/microbiology* ; Fungi/physiology*

Recent data suggest that vascular endothelial growth factor receptor inhibitor (VEGFRi) can enhance the anti-tumor activity of the anti-programmed cell death-1 (anti-PD-1) antibody in colorectal cancer (CRC) with microsatellite stability (MSS). However, the comparison between this combination and standard third-line VEGFRi treatment is not performed, and reliable biomarkers are still lacking. We retrospectively enrolled MSS CRC patients receiving anti-PD-1 antibody plus VEGFRi (combination group, n=54) or VEGFRi alone (VEGFRi group, n=32), and their efficacy and safety were evaluated. We additionally examined the immune characteristics of the MSS CRC tumor microenvironment (TME) through single-cell and spatial transcriptomic data, and an MSS CRC immune cell-related signature (MCICRS) that can be used to predict the clinical outcomes of MSS CRC patients receiving immunotherapy was developed and validated in our in-house cohort. Compared with VEGFRi alone, the combination of anti-PD-1 antibody and VEGFRi exhibited a prolonged survival benefit (median progression-free survival: 4.4 vs. 2.0 months, P=0.0024; median overall survival: 10.2 vs. 5.2 months, P=0.0038) and a similar adverse event incidence. Through single-cell and spatial transcriptomic analysis, we determined ten MSS CRC-enriched immune cell types and their spatial distribution, including naive CD4⁺ T, regulatory CD4⁺ T, CD4⁺ Th17, exhausted CD8⁺ T, cytotoxic CD8⁺ T, proliferated CD8⁺ T, natural killer (NK) cells, plasma, and classical and intermediate monocytes. Based on a systemic meta-analysis and ten machine learning algorithms, we obtained MCICRS, an independent risk factor for the prognosis of MSS CRC patients. Further analyses demonstrated that the low-MCICRS group presented a higher immune cell infiltration and immune-related pathway activation, and hence a significant relation with the superior efficacy of pan-cancer immunotherapy. More importantly, the predictive value of MCICRS in MSS CRC patients receiving immunotherapy was also validated with an in-house cohort. Anti-PD-1 antibody combined with VEGFRi presented an improved clinical benefit in MSS CRC with manageable toxicity. MCICRS could serve as a robust and promising tool to predict clinical outcomes for individual MSS CRC patients receiving immunotherapy.
Humans ; Colorectal Neoplasms/drug therapy* ; Male ; Female ; Immunotherapy ; Middle Aged ; Aged ; Tumor Microenvironment/immunology* ; Retrospective Studies ; Microsatellite Instability ; Transcriptome ; Single-Cell Analysis ; Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor/immunology* ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors/therapeutic use* ; Adult ; Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor/antagonists & inhibitors*

Objective To achieve automatic segmentation of cell nuclei in gastrointestinal cancer pathological images by using a deep learning algorithm,so as to assist in the quantitative analysis of subsequent pathological images.Methods A total of 59 patients with gastrointestinal cancer treated in Ruijin Hospital,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from Jan 2022 to Feb 2022,were selected as the research objects.Python and LabelMe were used for data anonymization,image segmentation,and region of interest annotation of patients'pathological images.A total of 944 pathological images were included,and 9 703 nuclei were annotated.Then,a new semantic segmentation model based on deep learning was constructed.The model introduced deformable attention transformer(DAT)to realize automatic,accurate and efficient segmentation of pathological image nuclei.Finally,multiple segmentation evaluation criteria are used to evaluate the model's performance.Results The mean absolute error of the segmentation results of the model proposed in this paper was 0.112 6,and the dice coefficient(Dice)was 0.721 5.Its effect was significantly better than the U-net baseline model,and it was ahead of models such as ResU-net++,R2Unet and R2AttUnet.Moreover,the segmentation results were relatively stable with good generalization.Conclusion The segmentation model established in this study can accurately identify and segment the nuclei in the pathological images,with good robustness and generalization,which is helpful to play an auxiliary diagnostic role in practical applications.

The evaluation, diagnosis, real-time monitoring, and guided operation conducted by ultrasound specialist nurses in acute and critical care can provide an objective basis for nursing decision-making, which is of great significance for optimizing nursing procedures and improving the survival rate and rehabilitation rate of patients. This paper summarizes the concept, origin, training status, and practice scope of ultrasound specialist nurses in the field of acute and critical care and puts forward the prospect of development in order to provide a reference for the training of ultrasound specialist nurses in the field of acute and critical care in China.

Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is a condition caused by compression of the median nerve in carpal canal. In recent years, due to popularity of electronic devices such as computers, the incidence of CTS has shown a rapid rising trend. Its treatment methods include surgical treatment and conservative treatment. For mild to and moderate CTS, conservative treatment is preferred. Acupotomy, as an innovative and unique treatment method, could relieve pressure in carpal canal by releasing transverse ligament of wrist and promote local blood circulation to treat CTS, and has characteristics of less trauma, short course of treatment and low cost, which is more acceptable to patients. In addition, the combination of needle-knife and other therapies also has a good effect. However, traditional needle-knife therapy has certain limitations in operation, and its safety problems can be effectively solved with the help of ultrasound technology. Therefore, ultrasus-guided needle-knife therapy for CTS has become a current research hotspot, but its long-term therapeutic effect still needs to be further verified.
Humans ; Carpal Tunnel Syndrome/therapy* ; Acupuncture Therapy/methods*

Objective To analyze the characteristics and current situation of pharmaceutical journals sponsored by institutions in China,so as to improve the utilization,quality and dissemination effect of pharmaceutical journals,provide a basis for scientific evaluation and journal quality management,and provide a reference for readers to choose core journals,focus on reading and submitting.Methods The data of pharmaceutical journals sponsored by domestic institutions in China were collected in the"China Science and Technology Journals Citation Report(Core Edition)"compiled by the Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China in 2023.This paper analyzes the characteristics and current situation of pharmaceutical journals sponsored by institutions in China,and investigates the number,citation frequency,impact factor,and regional distribution of pharmaceutical journals included in the core catalog of science and technology.Results A total of 48 core journals of pharmaceutical science and technology sponsored by domestic institutions were retrieved,and the publication cycle was mainly monthly(52.08% ).The Chinese Pharmaceutical Association is the institution with the largest number of core journals(15);In terms of quantity,15 core pharmaceutical journals in Beijing ranked first,ranking 2nd to 4th:Shanghai(6),Hubei(4),Jiangsu(4);The average total citation frequency in Chongqing was 3123 times,and the average total citation frequency was the highest.Conclusion The distribution of core pharmaceutical journals shows obvious advantages in economically developed regions such as Beijing and Shanghai.The Chinese Pharmaceutical Association,China Pharmaceutical University and the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and other institutions have sponsored many pharmaceutical academic journals,with a relatively complete journal system and rich experience in running journals.

OBJECTIVES: To explore the factors that influence self-management behavior in cancer patients based on the theoretical domain framework. METHODS: Studies in Chinese and English about factors influencing self-management behavior in cancer patients were searched from Wanfang database, CNKI, VIP, SinoMed, PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, Web of Science Core Collection, Cochrane library and Medline from inception to June 2022. Two investigators independently identified, extracted data, and collected characteristics and methodology of the studies. Factors were analyzed with Nvivo12, and the theoretical domain framework was mapped to the theoretical domain. Then the secondary node was generalized by theme analysis. Finally, the specific influencing factors were summarized and analyzed. RESULTS: Thirty-four studies were included for analysis. A total of 194 factors were mapped to 13 theoretical domains, and 31 secondary nodes were summarized. Theoretical domains environmental context and resources, social/professional role and identity, and beliefs about consequences were the most common factors. Knowledge, age, self-efficacy, disease stage, social support, gender, economic status and physical status were the most influential factors for self-management in cancer patients. CONCLUSIONS The influencing factors of self-management of cancer patients involve most of the theoretical domains, are intersectional, multi-source and complex.
Humans ; Self-Management ; Neoplasms/therapy*

AIM: To evaluate the clinical efficacy of femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery combined with PanOptix trifocal intraocular lens implantation.METHODS:The retrospective study enrolled 22 cases(26 eyes)of cataract patients who underwent femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery combined with PanOptix trifocal intraocular lens implantation from August 2020 to August 2021. Follow-up to 3mo after surgery, the changes of far, intermediate and near visual acuity, aberration, Strehl ratio(SR)and modulation transfer function cutoff(MTF-cutoff)frequency were compared. Defocus curve at 1mo postoperatively was made, and the visual quality and satisfaction were evaluated after 3mo of surgery.RESULTS: The visual acuity of all patients was better than 0.1(LogMAR)at the far, intermediate and near distance at 1d, 1wk, 1 and 3mo postoperatively, and it was significantly improved compared with those before surgery(all P<0.01). The defocus curve transitioned smoothly between +0.5 and -3.0D at 1mo after surgery, and visual acuity was better than 0.63. The total aberration and spherical aberration in the whole eye were significantly lower after surgery than before, and the SR and MTF-cutoff were significantly improved at 1d and 1wk after surgery(all P<0.05). With high satisfaction and good visual quality, patients could watch at far, intermediate and near distance without wearing glasses at 3mo after surgery.CONCLUSION: Femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery combined with PanOptix trifocal intraocular lens implantation gave patients a comfortable and satisfactory full-course vision.

γ-aminobutyric acid can be produced by a one-step enzymatic reaction catalyzed by glutamic acid decarboxylase. The reaction system is simple and environmentally friendly. However, the majority of GAD enzymes catalyze the reaction under acidic pH at a relatively narrow range. Thus, inorganic salts are usually needed to maintain the optimal catalytic environment, which adds additional components to the reaction system. In addition, the pH of solution will gradually rise along with the production of γ-aminobutyric acid, which is not conducive for GAD to function continuously. In this study, we cloned the glutamate decarboxylase LpGAD from a Lactobacillus plantarum capable of efficiently producing γ-aminobutyric acid, and rationally engineered the catalytic pH range of LpGAD based on surface charge. A triple point mutant LpGAD^{S24R/D88R/Y309K} was obtained from different combinations of 9 point mutations. The enzyme activity at pH 6.0 was 1.68 times of that of the wild type, suggesting the catalytic pH range of the mutant was widened, and the possible mechanism underpinning this increase was discussed through kinetic simulation. Furthermore, we overexpressed the Lpgad and Lpgad^{S24R/D88R/Y309K} genes in Corynebacterium glutamicum E01 and optimized the transformation conditions. An optimized whole cell transformation process was conducted under 40 ℃, cell mass (OD₆₀₀) 20, 100 g/L l-glutamic acid substrate and 100 μmol/L pyridoxal 5-phosphate. The γ-aminobutyric acid titer of the recombinant strain reached 402.8 g/L in a fed-batch reaction carried out in a 5 L fermenter without adjusting pH, which was 1.63 times higher than that of the control. This study expanded the catalytic pH range of and increased the enzyme activity of LpGAD. The improved production efficiency of γ-aminobutyric acid may facilitate its large-scale production.
Glutamate Decarboxylase/genetics* ; Lactobacillus plantarum/genetics* ; Catalysis ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Glutamic Acid