Objective To explore the factors affecting the quality of psychological assistance hotline connections in Shaanxi Province, and to provide a basis for optimizing services. Methods A total of 149 calls with suicidal tendencies were included from January to March 2022, and data were collected by 31 trained assessors through standardized questionnaires (general information, suicide risk, emotional intensity, and wiring characteristics). Results The results showed that 56.38% of the callers were female, with age groups concentrated between ≤ 18 years old (29.53%) and 19-34 years old (43.62%). The call duration was mainly between 31 and 45 minutes (50.34%). Operators conducted a suicide risk assessment on the callers, with 38.9% having a comprehensive assessment, 38.9% having an incomplete assessment, and 22.1% having no assessment. The main mental disorders of the callers were depression (48.32%), anxiety (15.44%), and bipolar disorder (14.77%), with 25.50% having comorbidities of ≥ 2 disorders. Emotional scores were as follows: depression (4.11 ± 0.76), sadness (3.97 ± 1.03), and despair (3.78 ± 1.05). There were significant differences in depression, anger, despair, and sadness among the callers with different levels of danger (t=4.79, 3.35, 15.79, 4.24, all P<0.05). Women had higher levels of fear than men (t=3.10, P<0.01). The longer the call duration, the higher the level of despair (t=5.66, P<0.01). Multiple regression analysis showed that incomplete suicide risk assessment by operators (B=-2.36), general procedures for operators' connections (B=5.44), and technical factors (B=2.01) significantly affected the quality of psychological assistance hotlines (all P<0.05). Conclusion Callers with suicidal tendencies generally have serious mental and psychological problems and prominent negative emotions. Strengthening the suicide risk assessment ability of operators and standardizing processes and service attitudes are key to improving the quality of psychological assistance hotlines.

ObjectiveTo explore the establishment of a rat model of diabetic macrovascular atherosclerosis （DMA） with Qi and Yin deficiency syndrome induced by high-fat diet， streptozotocin （STZ）， and Yin-depleting herbs， and to evaluate its biological characteristics. MethodsForty SD rats were randomly divided into a blank group （n=10） and a modeling group （n=30）. Except for the blank group， rats in the model group were fed a high-fat diet for 4 weeks， followed by intraperitoneal injection of STZ （30 mg·kg^-1） to establish a diabetic model. Twenty-four successfully modeled diabetic rats were randomly divided into a model group （n=7）， a Qi and Yin deficiency syndrome group （n=8）， and a counter-syndrome group （n=9）. Except for the model group， rats received intragastric administration of Yin-depleting herbs （1.2 g·kg^-1） for 8 weeks. The counter-syndrome group was further treated with Shenqi compound formula （1.69 g·kg^-1） for an additional 8 weeks. General condition and body weight were recorded， and syndrome-related indicators were assessed， including precordial temperature， skin moisture content， grip strength， open-field test performance， and tongue appearance. Serum levels of vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF）， endothelin-1 （ET-1）， vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 （VCAM-1）， insulin-like growth factor-1 （IGF-1）， and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 （MCP-1） were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. Fasting blood glucose， blood lipids， hemorheological parameters， and coagulation function were analyzed using an automatic biochemical analyzer. Vascular ultrasound and hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining were used to evaluate vascular lesions. ResultsIn terms of syndrome manifestations， compared with the blank group， body weight increased rapidly during the first 5 weeks in the model， Qi and Yin deficiency， and counter-syndrome groups. After STZ injection combined with Yin-depleting herbal administration at week 5， body weight decreased significantly （P<0.01） and continued to decline until the end of the experiment. Rats exhibited decreased activity， irritability， coarse and yellowish fur with obvious shedding， polydipsia， polyphagia， frequent urination， and dry stools， which were most pronounced in the Qi and Yin deficiency group. Grip strength decreased， peak activity time occurred earlier， total distance in the open-field test was reduced， and residence time was prolonged. Precordial temperature decreased （P<0.01）， while paw temperature increased （P<0.05）， and skin moisture and oil content were reduced （P<0.05， P<0.01）. In terms of disease-related indicators， compared with the blank group， fasting blood glucose was significantly increased （>16.7 mmol·L^-1） in the model and Qi and Yin deficiency groups， and blood lipid levels were significantly elevated （P<0.05）. Vascular-related factors ET-1， MCP-1， VCAM-1， and VEGF were significantly increased （P<0.05，P<0.01）， while IGF-1 was significantly decreased （P<0.01）. Pathological examination of the aortic valve showed valvular thickening and structural disorganization. Carotid artery examination revealed discontinuity of the intima， foam cell accumulation beneath the intima， disordered smooth muscle arrangement， and widened intercellular spaces. Compared with the model group， ET-1， MCP-1， and VEGF levels were significantly decreased in both the Qi and Yin deficiency group and the counter-syndrome group. The reductions in ET-1 and MCP-1 were more pronounced in the Qi and Yin deficiency group （P<0.01）， while the decrease in VCAM-1 was more significant in the counter-syndrome group （P<0.05）. Compared with the blank group， the Qi and Yin deficiency group showed significantly prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time （APTT）， thrombin time （TT）， and prothrombin time （PT） （P<0.01）. The erythrocyte deformability index （TK）， erythrocyte sedimentation rate， erythrocyte electrophoresis index， and whole blood low-shear viscosity all showed increasing trends. Vascular ultrasound revealed reduced arterial blood flow velocity， increased vascular resistance， and intimal thickening without plaque formation. The aortic intima showed no obvious overall thickening， with only occasional localized thickening and foam cell presence， and carotid artery injury was observed. ConclusionA rat model of DMA with Qi and Yin deficiency syndrome was successfully established using high-fat diet feeding combined with STZ injection and Yin-depleting herbal administration. Shenqi compound formula effectively alleviated Qi and Yin deficiency syndrome， regulated glucose and lipid metabolism， improved hemorheological and coagulation function， reduced vascular lesion severity， and demonstrated potential for early prevention and treatment of DMA.

BACKGROUND:Apoptosis and autophagy imbalance in the hippocampal region of perimenopausal depressed rats are closely related to cognitive decline.Whether aerobic exercise can reduce apoptosis by promoting hippocampal autophagy and thus improve the learning and memory abilities of perimenopausal depressed rats is not clear.OBJECTIVE:To investigate the possible mechanism by which 4-week moderate-intensity treadmill exercise improves learning memory ability in ovariectomized stressed rats.METHODS:Forty Sprague-Dawely rats were randomly divided into four groups,namely,sham operation group(n=10),ovariectomized group(n=10),ovariectomized stress group(n=10)and ovariectomized stress exercise group(n=10).Except for the sham operation group,the ovaries were removed in the other three groups to establish a perimenopausal rat model,and then a depressed rat model was established by chronic unpredictable stress in the latter two groups.The rats in the ovariectomized stress exercise group underwent a 4-week moderate-intensity treadmill exercise.Tail suspension test and sucrose preference test were performed to text depression-like behaviors in rats after exercise and stress.The eight-arm maze experiment was used to test the learning and memory behaviors of rats after exercise and stress.Western blot was used to detect the protein levels of AMP-activated protein kinase/UNC-51 like autophagy activating kinase 1/mammalian target of rapamycin(AMPK/mTOR/ULK1),hippocampus apoptotic factor Caspase-3 and the protein expression of autophagy markers LC-3II/Beclin-1 in the hippocampus.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Compared with the sham operation group,rats in the ovariectomized and ovariectomized stress groups had prolonged resting time in the tail suspension test and decreased sugar-water intake and sugar-water preference in the sucrose preference test.(2)Ovary removal reduced the learning memory capacity of rats,as evidenced behaviorally by a significant increase in the number of working memory errors,the number of reference memory errors,and the completion time,and an even more pronounced increase in the above measures in the ovariectomized stress group.(3)Compared with the ovariectomized group,there was a significant reduction in the number of working memory errors,the number of reference memory errors,and the completion time in the ovariectomized stress group.(4)Compared with the sham operation group,in the ovariectomized and ovariectomized stress groups,the expression of hippocampal apoptotic factor Caspase 3 protein was significantly elevated,the expression of autophagy-related factors proteins Beclin-1 and LC3II,as well as the protein expression of AMPK and ULK1,was decreased,whereas the expression of mTOR protein was elevated.Changes in the above indicators were more significant in the ovariectomized stress group.(5)Compared with the ovariectomized stress group,in the ovariectomized stress exercise group,the protein expression of Caspase 3 was significantly decreased,the protein expression of Beclin-1 and LC3II was significantly increased,the protein expression of AMPK and ULK1 was significantly increased,and the protein expression of mTOR was significantly reduced.To conclude,4-week moderate-intensity treadmill exercise may promote cellular autophagy and reduce apoptosis through the AMPK/mTOR/ULK1 autophagy signaling pathway,thereby enhancing the learning and memory capacity of rats with ovariectomized depression

Objective To explore the value of integrating CT image features and quantitative dual-energy computed tomography(DECT)parameters in predicting cervical lymph nodes metastasis from laryngeal and hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma(LHSCC).Methods The clinical and imaging data of 99 patients with LHSCC confirmed by pathology were retrospectively analyzed.All patients were divided into metastatic group(41 cases)and non-metastatic group(58 cases).The CT image features,including location,size and depth,were analyzed,respectively.The quantitative DECT parameters in the arterial and venous phases including iodine concentration(IC)and normalized iodine concentration(NIC)were measured.The rank sum test or independent-samples t-test were used to compare the difference of CT image features and quantitative DECT parameters between the two groups.The multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to build the models based on CT image features(image feature model)and combination of CT image features and quantitative DECT parameters(combined model).The receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was performed to analyze and compare the difference of predictive efficiency between the two groups.Results There were significant differences in tumor location between the non-metastatic group and the metastatic group(χ2=21.736,P<0.001).Size(33.20 mm vs 24.95 mm,P<0.001),depth(21.10 mm vs 13.15 mm,P<0.001)and NIC in the arterial phase(0.18 vs 0.14,P<0.001)in the metastatic group were significantly higher than those in the non-metastatic group.The area under the curve(AUC),sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value,negative predictive value,accuracy of the combined model were 0.851,75.6%,82.8%,58.5%,87.9%and 75.8%for predicting cervical lymph nodes metastasis.The AUC,sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value,negative predictive value,accuracy of the image feature model were 0.792,95.1%,56.9%,53.7%,81.0%and 69.7%,respectively.The prediction performance of the combined model was better than that of the image feature model(Z=-2.028,P=0.043).Conclusion Integrating CT image features and quantitative DECT parameters has important value for predicting cervical lymph nodes metastasis from LHSCC.

Objective To observe the effects of wheat grain moxibustion on the hippocampal ERK/CREB-BDNF/TrkB signaling pathway and neurotransmitters in rats with perimenopausal depressive disorder(PDD);To explore its mechanism in treating PDD.Methods Totally 24 female SD rats were randomly divided into sham-operation group,model group,Western medicine group and wheat grain moxibustion group,with 6 rats in each group.The PDD rat model was established by bilateral ovariectomy and chronic unpredictable mild stress.The wheat grain moxibustion group received moxibustion at the"Zhongwan","Xiawan","Qihai","Guanyuan"acupoints,with a conical moxa cone for intervention,6 cones per acupoint;the Western medicine group was given fluoxetine hydrochloride solution 1.8 mg/kg by gavage,once a day,for consecutive 21 d.Before and after modeling and after intervention,the body mass,sucrose water preference rate and immobility time in the forced swimming test of the rats were recorded;Transmission electron microscopy was used to observe the synaptic structure in hippocampal tissue;ELISA was used to detect the expressions of 5-HT,GABA and Glu in hippocampal tissue;Western blot was used to detect the expressions of ERK,p-ERK,CREB,p-CREB,BDNF and TrkB proteins in hippocampal tissue.Results Compared with the sham-operation group,the body mass and sucrose water preference rate of the model group decreased,and the immobility time in the forced swimming test was prolonged(P<0.01);the number of synaptic vesicles in hippocampus decreased,the thickness of the postsynaptic density decreased,the aggregation of transduction-related proteins decreased,the synaptic cleft increased;the contents of 5-HT and GABA in hippocampal tissue decreased,the content of Glu increased,and the expressions of p-ERK,p-CREB,BDNF and TrkB proteins decreased(P<0.01).Compared with the model group,the body mass and sucrose water preference rate of the rats in Western medicine group and wheat grain moxibustion group increased,and the immobility time in the forced swimming test was shortened(P<0.01);the area of the postsynaptic density in the hippocampus increased,the synaptic cleft reduced,the contents of 5-HT and GABA in hippocampal tissue increased,the content of Glu decreased,and the expressions of p-ERK,p-CREB,BDNF and TrkB proteins increased(P<0.01).Conclusion Wheat grain moxibustion can effectively alleviate depressive-like behavior in PDD rats,and its mechanism may be related to regulating neurotransmitter expressions and mediating the ERK/CREB-BDNF/TrkB signaling pathway,thereby regulating hippocampal neuroplasticity.

AIM To establish a GC-MS/MS method for the analysis of volatile components in Yinhu Ganmao Powder,and to determine the contents of α-pinene,camphene,sabinene,β-pinene,α-terpinene,(+)-limonene,p-cymene,1,8-cineole,linalool,L-menthol,terpinen-4-ol,DL-menthol,α-terpineol,tridecane,pulegone,caryophyllene,humulene,n-hexadecane and patchouli alcohol.METHODS The analysis was performed on a DB-624 UI capillary column(30 m×0.25 mm×1.40 μm ),and electron ionization source was adopted with multiple reaction monitoring mode.RESULTS Fifty volatile components and twenty-five liposoluble components were identified in volatile oils and medicinal material powder,respectively.Nineteen constituents showed good linear relationships within their own ranges(r ≥ 0.999 0),whose average recoveries were 84.43％-113.31％with the RSDs of less than 9.15％.CONCLUSION This stable,accurate and reproducible method can provide a reference for the quality evaluation of Yinhu Ganmao Powder.

To perform the phylogenetic characterization of an isolated porcine rotavirus(PoRV)and investigate its pathogenicity in suckling mice and piglets.A G4P[23]genotype PoRV strain JSJR2023 was successfully isolated from the diarrheic piglet feces through propagation in MA104 cells.The viral proliferation kinetics were analyzed using TCID50 assays,followed by complete genome sequencing through Sanger sequencing platforms.Comprehensive genotyping and phylogenetic reconstruction were conducted using MEGA7.0 with maximum likelihood algorithms.Pathogenicity was assessed in the following animal models:5-day-old C57BL/6 mice and 3-day-old piglets.Multidimensional evaluation included clinical monitoring(diarrhea scoring,growth parameters),virological detection,and histopathological analysis of intestinal tissues.The virus strain JSJR2023 could replicate efficiently in MA104 cells,achieving peak titers of 107.5 TCID50/mL.Whole genome genotype analysis showed that the strain belonged to G4-P[23]-I5-R1-C1-M1-A8-N1-T1-E1-H1.Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the VP3 and NSP4 genes of JSJR2023 strain were most closedrelated to human species rotaviruses,suggesting genetic reassortment between human and porcine RV strains.The animal experiments in suckling mice showed that the JSJR2023 strain infection caused diarrhea symptoms,intestinal edema and congestion,and shedding of intestinal villus epithelial cells.The pathogenicity experiments in piglets showed that compared with the control group,the challenged group of pig-lets had severe diarrhea symptoms,accompanied by reduced appetite and listlessness.Post-mortem examination revealed that the intes-tines were significantly thinner,congested,and filled with yellow watery contents.The challenged piglets showed typical pathological changes such as thinning of the intestinal wall and shortening and shedding of intestinal villi.In conclusion,this study successfully iso-lated a human-porcine recombinant G4P[23]PoRV strain and established the infection models in suckling mice and piglets,providing important tools for investigating the pathogenic mechanism of PoRV,evaluating vaccines and developing antiviral drug.

Objective To explore the value of integrating CT image features and quantitative dual-energy computed tomography(DECT)parameters in predicting cervical lymph nodes metastasis from laryngeal and hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma(LHSCC).Methods The clinical and imaging data of 99 patients with LHSCC confirmed by pathology were retrospectively analyzed.All patients were divided into metastatic group(41 cases)and non-metastatic group(58 cases).The CT image features,including location,size and depth,were analyzed,respectively.The quantitative DECT parameters in the arterial and venous phases including iodine concentration(IC)and normalized iodine concentration(NIC)were measured.The rank sum test or independent-samples t-test were used to compare the difference of CT image features and quantitative DECT parameters between the two groups.The multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to build the models based on CT image features(image feature model)and combination of CT image features and quantitative DECT parameters(combined model).The receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was performed to analyze and compare the difference of predictive efficiency between the two groups.Results There were significant differences in tumor location between the non-metastatic group and the metastatic group(χ2=21.736,P<0.001).Size(33.20 mm vs 24.95 mm,P<0.001),depth(21.10 mm vs 13.15 mm,P<0.001)and NIC in the arterial phase(0.18 vs 0.14,P<0.001)in the metastatic group were significantly higher than those in the non-metastatic group.The area under the curve(AUC),sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value,negative predictive value,accuracy of the combined model were 0.851,75.6%,82.8%,58.5%,87.9%and 75.8%for predicting cervical lymph nodes metastasis.The AUC,sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value,negative predictive value,accuracy of the image feature model were 0.792,95.1%,56.9%,53.7%,81.0%and 69.7%,respectively.The prediction performance of the combined model was better than that of the image feature model(Z=-2.028,P=0.043).Conclusion Integrating CT image features and quantitative DECT parameters has important value for predicting cervical lymph nodes metastasis from LHSCC.

Aim To explore the therapeutic effect and mechanism of Qingjie Huagong decoction in modulating PI3K/AKT/NF-κB signaling pathway in inflammatory response of acute pancreatitis(AP)mice.Methods Twenty-four mice were randomly divided into Blank group,Model group,Ustekin group,and Qingjie Hua-gong decoction group,with six mice in each group.The AP model was prepared by using rain frogin.Serum α-AMS,PNLP,IL-1β,IL-6,IL-8,IL-18,and TNF-α lev-els were detected by ELISA;the pancreatic pathology was detected by HE staining;the expressions of PI3K,AKT,and NF-κB-related proteins and mRNAs were de-tected by immunohistochemistry,Western blot,and RT-qPCR.Results Compared with the blank group,the model group showed obvious pathological damage to the pancreas,with significantly higher serum α-AMS,PN-LP,IL-1β,IL-6,IL-8,IL-18,and TNF-α levels(P＜0.01),and significantly higher levels of PI3K,AKT,and NF-κB-related proteins and mRNA expression(P＜0.01).Compared with the model group,both the Qingjie Huagong decoction group and the ustekin group improved the histopathological changes in the pancreas of AP mice,decreased the serum α-AMS,PNLP,IL-1β,IL-6,IL-8,IL-18,and TNF-α levels,and down-reg-ulated the expression levels of pancreatic PI3K,AKT,NF-κB-related proteins and mRNA(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).Conclusion Qingjie Huagong decoction may inhibit the inflammatory response and protect pancreat-ic tissues by regulating the expression of PI3K/AKT/NF-κB signaling pathway.

Objective To explore the factors influencing comorbid cardiovascular disease in schizophrenia and to construct a column-line graphical model.Methods Clinical data of 586 schizophrenic patients in the hospi-tal from June 2023 to October 2024 were retrospectively collected.The study included 100 patients with comorbid cardiovascular disease and 486 patients without co-morbid cardiovascular disease,which were divided into the comorbidity group(n=100)and the non-comorbidity group(n=486).Propensity score matching(PSM)was used to reduce between-group bias.The clinical data,electrocardiogram parameters[QT corrected by heart rate(QTc),Tp-Te interval corrected by heart rate(TP-Tec)],and Kynurenine(KYN)metabolites[tryptophan(TRP),KYN,and kynurenic acid(KYNA)]were statistically analyzed in both groups.Logistic regression equation was used to screen the influencing factors of comorbid cardiovascular disease in schizophrenia.A nomogram model was constructed and validated.Results(1)BMI,smoking,alcohol consumption,sleep disorders,QTc,TP-Tec,TRP,KYN,and KYNA were all high-risk factors for co-morbid cardiovascular disease in schizophrenia(P<0.05).(2)The diagnostic AUC for the nomogram model was 0.876,and there was a good concordance between diagnostic and observational results;and the threshold probability of a net patient benefit was higher when the threshold probability was between 5%and 100%.Conclusion The nomogram model constructed based on QTc,TP-Tec,TRP,KYN,KYNA,etc.can help improve the diagnostic value of schizophrenia comorbid cardiovascular disease,guide clinical diagnosis and treatment,and reduce cardiovascular disease.