AIM To establish an HPLC method for the simultaneous content determination of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural,chlorogenic acid,caffeic acid,strychnine,paeoniflorin,ferulic acid,paeoniflorin Ⅰ,epimedium glycoside,psoralen,isopsoralen and glycyrrhetinic acid in Bunao Soft Capsules.METHODS The analysis was performed on a 35 ℃ thermostatic Waters Symmetry C18 column(250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm),with the mobile phase comprising of acetonitrile-0.1％phosphoric acid flowing at 1.0 mL/min in a gradient elution manner,and the detection wavelengths were set at 230,280 nm.RESULTS Eleven constituents showed good linear relationships within their own ranges(r＞0.999 0),whose average recoveries were 98.47％-103.30％with RSDs of 1.13％-2.80％.CONCLUSION This simple and reliable method can be used for the quality control of Bunao Soft Capsules.

AIM To establish an HPLC method for the simultaneous content determination of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural,chlorogenic acid,caffeic acid,strychnine,paeoniflorin,ferulic acid,paeoniflorin Ⅰ,epimedium glycoside,psoralen,isopsoralen and glycyrrhetinic acid in Bunao Soft Capsules.METHODS The analysis was performed on a 35 ℃ thermostatic Waters Symmetry C18 column(250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm),with the mobile phase comprising of acetonitrile-0.1％phosphoric acid flowing at 1.0 mL/min in a gradient elution manner,and the detection wavelengths were set at 230,280 nm.RESULTS Eleven constituents showed good linear relationships within their own ranges(r＞0.999 0),whose average recoveries were 98.47％-103.30％with RSDs of 1.13％-2.80％.CONCLUSION This simple and reliable method can be used for the quality control of Bunao Soft Capsules.

Objective To investigate the attributable risk(AR)of Acinetobacter baumannii(AB)infection in criti-cally ill patients.Methods A multicenter retrospective cohort study was conducted among adult patients in inten-sive care unit(ICU).Patients with AB isolated from sterile body fluid and confirmed with AB infection in each cen-ter were selected as the infected group.According to the matching criteria that patients should be from the same pe-riod,in the same ICU,as well as with similar APACHE Ⅱ score(±5 points)and primary diagnosis,patients who did not infect with AB were selected as the non-infected group in a 1:2 ratio.The AR was calculated.Results The in-hospital mortality of patients with AB infection in sterile body fluid was 33.3％,and that of non-infected group was 23.1％,with no statistically significant difference between the two groups(P=0.069).The AR was 10.2％(95％CI:-2.3％-22.8％).There is no statistically significant difference in mortality between non-infected pa-tients and infected patients from whose blood,cerebrospinal fluid and other specimen sources AB were isolated(P＞0.05).After infected with AB,critically ill patients with the major diagnosis of pulmonary infection had the high-est AR.There was no statistically significant difference in mortality between patients in the infected and non-infec-ted groups(P＞0.05),or between other diagnostic classifications.Conclusion The prognosis of AB infection in critically ill patients is highly overestimated,but active healthcare-associated infection control for AB in the ICU should still be carried out.

Objective The leptin receptor,encoded by the LEPR gene,is involved in tumorigenesis.A potential functional variant of LEPR,rs1137101(Gln223Arg),has been extensively investigated for its contribution to the risk of digestive system(DS)cancers,but results remain conflicting rather than conclusive.Here,we performed a case-control study and subsequent meta-analysis to examine the association between rs1137101 and DS cancer risk. Methods A total of 1,727 patients with cancer(gastric/liver/colorectal:460/480/787)and 800 healthy controls were recruited.Genotyping of rs1137101 was conducted using a polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism(PCR-RFLP)assay and confirmed using Sanger sequencing.Twenty-four eligible studies were included in the meta-analysis. Results After Bonferroni correction,the case-control study revealed that rs1137101 was significantly associated with the risk of liver cancer in the Hubei Chinese population.The meta-analysis suggested that rs1137101 is significantly associated with the risk of overall DS,gastric,and liver cancer in the Chinese population. Conclusion The LEPR rs1137101 variant may be a genetic biomarker for susceptibility to DS cancers(especially liver and gastric cancer)in the Chinese population.

Objective To investigate the protective effect of HMS5552 on pancreatic islet β-cell injury in diabetic rats and study the mechanism.Methods A total of 40 SD rats were fed with high-sugar and high-fat diet for 8 weeks combined with intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin(STZ)to induce type 2 diabetic rat models.The successful model rats were divided into model group(0.9％NaCl by gavage)and experimental group(30 mg·kg-1 HMS5552 by gavage).The other 20 normal rats served as the normal group(0.9％NaCl was given by gavage).Hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining was used to detect the pathological changes of pancreatic islets.The INS-1 cells were divided into blank group(normal cultured),model group(high-sugar and high-fat culture medium)and experimental-L,-M,-H groups(high-sugar and high-fat culture medium+0.3,3.0 and 30.0 μmol·L-1 HMS5552).The viability of INS-1 cells was detected by cell counting kit-8(CCK-8)method,the apoptosis of INS-1 cells was detected by Annexin V/PI method,the mRNA expression level of B cell lymphocytoma 2(Bcl-2)was detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR)method;the expression level of phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B(PI3K/AKT)pathway and apoptosis protein was detected by western blotting.Results HE staining showed that the pathological damage of pancreas in the experimental group rats was significantly less than that in the model group.The cell viability of the blank group,model group and experimental-L,-M,-H groups were(99.67±2.40)％,(48.18±4.18)％,(61.74±4.78)％,(70.74±6.36)％and(78.30±4.68)％,respectively;apoptosis rates were(10.40±4.66)％,(48.60±3.27)％,(35.90±4.45)％,(28.07±5.35)％and(18.30±3.04)％,respectively;the relative expression levels of Bcl-2 mRNA were 1.00±0.03,0.32±0.04,0.59±0.05,0.62±0.04 and 0.72±0.12,respectively;phosphorylated PI3K(p-PI3K)/PI3K ratios were 1.00±0.00,0.34±0.05,0.46±0.02,0.64±0.01 and 0.81±0.01,respectively;phosphorylated AKT(p-AKT)/AKT ratios were 1.00±0.00,0.28±0.12,0.63±0.02,0.74±0.06 and 0.87±0.09,respectively.The above indexes in the model group compared with the blank group,the differences between the above indexes of the experimental-L,-M,-H groups and the model group were statistically significant(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).Conclusion HMS5552 can improve glucose metabolism in diabetic rats and protect pancreatic β-cells by regulating the expression of PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.

The identification of the components absorbed in serum of platycosides in total saponins fraction of Platycodonis Radix is great significance, but there are still great challenges. In this study, 8 types of 44 primordial components from Platycodon saponins were firstly identified using the ultra-performance liquid chromatography-linear ion trap electrostatic field orbitrap high resolution mass spectrometry (UPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap-MS) equipped with the software of Compound Discoverer 3.2 and Trace finder 2.1. Then, the platycosides and their deglycosylated metabolites were used as the template molecules to construct the intestinal microbiota mediated method to identify the primary components and the prototypes in serum. As results, 57 components originating from 44 prototypes of platycosides were identified from drug-containing plasma. Those compounds consist of 12 prototypes of platycosides and 45 metabolites, while the prototypes in serum are also deglycosylated metabolites of other platycosides. The results showed that the intestinal microbiota mediated method could be applied to identify the metabolites of platycosides in total saponins fraction of Platycodonis Radix; and reveal the potential existing forms of prototypes of platycosides in plasma; In addition, it could clearly illustrate the one to many and many to one network of the prototypes and metabolites of platycosides. All animal protocols were approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (No.JZLLSC-202100322).

Objective To investigate the protective effect of HMS5552 on pancreatic islet β-cell injury in diabetic rats and study the mechanism.Methods A total of 40 SD rats were fed with high-sugar and high-fat diet for 8 weeks combined with intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin(STZ)to induce type 2 diabetic rat models.The successful model rats were divided into model group(0.9％NaCl by gavage)and experimental group(30 mg·kg-1 HMS5552 by gavage).The other 20 normal rats served as the normal group(0.9％NaCl was given by gavage).Hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining was used to detect the pathological changes of pancreatic islets.The INS-1 cells were divided into blank group(normal cultured),model group(high-sugar and high-fat culture medium)and experimental-L,-M,-H groups(high-sugar and high-fat culture medium+0.3,3.0 and 30.0 μmol·L-1 HMS5552).The viability of INS-1 cells was detected by cell counting kit-8(CCK-8)method,the apoptosis of INS-1 cells was detected by Annexin V/PI method,the mRNA expression level of B cell lymphocytoma 2(Bcl-2)was detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR)method;the expression level of phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B(PI3K/AKT)pathway and apoptosis protein was detected by western blotting.Results HE staining showed that the pathological damage of pancreas in the experimental group rats was significantly less than that in the model group.The cell viability of the blank group,model group and experimental-L,-M,-H groups were(99.67±2.40)％,(48.18±4.18)％,(61.74±4.78)％,(70.74±6.36)％and(78.30±4.68)％,respectively;apoptosis rates were(10.40±4.66)％,(48.60±3.27)％,(35.90±4.45)％,(28.07±5.35)％and(18.30±3.04)％,respectively;the relative expression levels of Bcl-2 mRNA were 1.00±0.03,0.32±0.04,0.59±0.05,0.62±0.04 and 0.72±0.12,respectively;phosphorylated PI3K(p-PI3K)/PI3K ratios were 1.00±0.00,0.34±0.05,0.46±0.02,0.64±0.01 and 0.81±0.01,respectively;phosphorylated AKT(p-AKT)/AKT ratios were 1.00±0.00,0.28±0.12,0.63±0.02,0.74±0.06 and 0.87±0.09,respectively.The above indexes in the model group compared with the blank group,the differences between the above indexes of the experimental-L,-M,-H groups and the model group were statistically significant(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).Conclusion HMS5552 can improve glucose metabolism in diabetic rats and protect pancreatic β-cells by regulating the expression of PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.

In 2020, the prevalence of abnormal spinal curvature among 54 079 students in Shandong Province was 1.54%. The multivariate logistic regression model analysis showed that, compared with those in primary school, economically underdeveloped areas, and non-residential schools, students in middle and high schools, economically average areas, and residential schools had a higher risk of abnormal spinal curvature, with OR (95%CI) values of 2.029 (1.662-2.476), 2.746 (2.208-3.416), 2.237 (1.740-2.875) and 2.057 (1.705-2.483), respectively. Compared with those in economically underdeveloped areas, who were underweight, who had seat adjustments≤1 time per academic year, and who had physical education classes≤1 per week, students in economically developed areas, who were normal weight, overweight, and obese, who had seat adjustments≥2 times per academic year, and who had physical education classes 2-3 or≥4 per week, had a lower risk of abnormal spinal curvature, with OR (95%CI) values of 0.690 (0.521-0.915), 0.722 (0.546-0.955), 0.535 (0.389-0.735), 0.383 (0.274-0.535), 0.835 (0.711-0.980), 0.561 (0.474-0.663) and 0.491 (0.315-0.766), respectively.
Humans ; Risk Factors ; Prevalence ; Spinal Curvatures ; Schools ; Students

In 2020, the prevalence of abnormal spinal curvature among 54 079 students in Shandong Province was 1.54%. The multivariate logistic regression model analysis showed that, compared with those in primary school, economically underdeveloped areas, and non-residential schools, students in middle and high schools, economically average areas, and residential schools had a higher risk of abnormal spinal curvature, with OR (95%CI) values of 2.029 (1.662-2.476), 2.746 (2.208-3.416), 2.237 (1.740-2.875) and 2.057 (1.705-2.483), respectively. Compared with those in economically underdeveloped areas, who were underweight, who had seat adjustments≤1 time per academic year, and who had physical education classes≤1 per week, students in economically developed areas, who were normal weight, overweight, and obese, who had seat adjustments≥2 times per academic year, and who had physical education classes 2-3 or≥4 per week, had a lower risk of abnormal spinal curvature, with OR (95%CI) values of 0.690 (0.521-0.915), 0.722 (0.546-0.955), 0.535 (0.389-0.735), 0.383 (0.274-0.535), 0.835 (0.711-0.980), 0.561 (0.474-0.663) and 0.491 (0.315-0.766), respectively.
Humans ; Risk Factors ; Prevalence ; Spinal Curvatures ; Schools ; Students

Objective: To investigate the safety, feasibility and short-term efficacy of total laparoscopic loop ileostomy reversal in patients after resection of rectal cancer. Methods: The clinical data of 20 patients who underwent total laparoscopic loop ileoscopic loop ileostomy after radical resection of rectal cancer at Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, or Beijing Chaoyang District Sanhuan Cancer Hospital from October 2019 to June 2020 were collected and retrospectively analyzed. Results: All patients had successfully underwent total laparoscopic ileostomy reversal without conversion to open surgery or discontinued operation. No perioperative related death cases were found. In the whole group, the median operation time was 97 (60-145) minutes and the median intraoperative blood loss was 20 (10-100) milliliters. The median Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score was 1.9 (1-5) one day after the operation. Nobody needed to use additional analgesic drugs. The median time to grand activities was 25 (16-42) hours, the median time to flatus was 44 (19-51) hours, and the median hospitalization after operation was 6.9 (5-9) days. No patients underwent operation related complications such as operative incision infection, abdominal and pelvic infection, intestinal obstruction, anastomotic leakage, bleeding and so on. Conclusions: Total laparoscopic loop ileostomy reversal appears to be safe, feasible and with promising efficacy for selected patients.
Humans ; Ileostomy ; Retrospective Studies ; Laparoscopy ; Rectal Neoplasms/surgery* ; Anastomotic Leak ; Anastomosis, Surgical