Objective:To establish a quality control method for the standard decoction of Polygoni Avicularis Herba.Methods:Totally 12 batches of decoction pieces from different origins were collected, the standard decoction was prepared and the quality evaluation method was established, the content of index components in the decoction pieces and the standard decoction was determined with HPLC, the index components, solution pH and other parameters were calculated, and the similarity analysis was carried out against the fingerprints.Results:The total content of myricetin in 12 batches of decoction pieces was >0.12%, and the content of myricetin in the standard decoction was >0.03%, which met the standard of the 2020 edition of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia. The pH value was 5.1-5.5, the transfer rate of myricetin components ranged from 50.0%-106.3%, and the fingerprint study showed that there were 7 common peaks. The similarity analysis results indicated that the standard decoction of 12 batches of decoction pieces of Polygoni Avicularis Herba had good consistency.Conclusion:The preparation process is stable and feasible in line with the traditional decoction preparation method, and can be used for the research and quality evaluation of the standard decoction.

Dental implantology has developed rapidly for over half a century,since pure titanium(99.7％)dental cylindrical threaded implants were exploited and osseointegration was introduced in 1960s by Prof.Br?nemark.The long term retention rates of 10 years or more are over 95％.However,the biological complications jeopardize the long term effects of dental implant treatment seriously.The prevalence of dental implant biological complications varies greatly among different reports resulting from the disparities on the defini-tions of dental implant biological complications.After analyzing and summarizing the major opinions proposed internationally in recent years,the consensus for the definition of dental implant biological complications has been reached.Generally the dental implant biologi-cal implications can be classified into early stage(before restoration)biological complications and late stage(after restoration)biological complications.The early stage biological complications include acute and chronic infections,pain,soft tissue deficiency,and osseointegration failure,etc.The late stage complications include peri-implant diseases(peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis),soft tissue deficiency around implant,implant loosening and dropping off,etc.The various risk factors related to different dental implant biological complications,the strategies of the prevention and treatment for the dental implant biological complications have been discussed comprehensively,and the consensus has been reached.It is aimed to advocate the dentist to pay more attention to the early prevention of the biological implant complications,to promote more researches on the implant biological complications,and to help elevate the level of dental implantology in our country.

Dental implantology has developed rapidly for over half a century,since pure titanium(99.7％)dental cylindrical threaded implants were exploited and osseointegration was introduced in 1960s by Prof.Br?nemark.The long term retention rates of 10 years or more are over 95％.However,the biological complications jeopardize the long term effects of dental implant treatment seriously.The prevalence of dental implant biological complications varies greatly among different reports resulting from the disparities on the defini-tions of dental implant biological complications.After analyzing and summarizing the major opinions proposed internationally in recent years,the consensus for the definition of dental implant biological complications has been reached.Generally the dental implant biologi-cal implications can be classified into early stage(before restoration)biological complications and late stage(after restoration)biological complications.The early stage biological complications include acute and chronic infections,pain,soft tissue deficiency,and osseointegration failure,etc.The late stage complications include peri-implant diseases(peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis),soft tissue deficiency around implant,implant loosening and dropping off,etc.The various risk factors related to different dental implant biological complications,the strategies of the prevention and treatment for the dental implant biological complications have been discussed comprehensively,and the consensus has been reached.It is aimed to advocate the dentist to pay more attention to the early prevention of the biological implant complications,to promote more researches on the implant biological complications,and to help elevate the level of dental implantology in our country.

Objective:To investigate the clinicopathological and genetic features of confined placental mosaicism (CPM) and its effect on fetal intrauterine growth.Methods:Fourteen CPM cases of Haidian Maternal and Children Health Hospital were collected from May 2018 to March 2022. Clinicopathological examination on placental specimens and molecular genetic analysis were performed.Results:The age of the parturient women ranged from 27 to 34 years, with an average age of (30.0±3.54) years. The gestational weeks ranged from 35 +1 to 41 +2 weeks. There were 4 premature births and 10 term births, among which 6 were female and 8 were male fetuses. Nine cases (9/14) had adverse pregnancy outcomes, including 7 cases of fetal growth restriction. The weight of CPM placenta decreased, with 6 cases below the 10th percentile of weight standards and 5 cases between the 10th and 25th percentile. All 14 CPM placental specimens showed morphological changes of perfusion dysfunction to varying degrees, with mainly placental-maternal vascular malperfusion followed by placental-fetal vascular malperfusion. The mosaic chromosomes in different CPM cases varied, with 16-trisomy/monosomy mosaicism being the most common followed by 7-trisomy and 21-trisomy/monosomy mosaicism. The mosaic proportion was unequal in different parts of the same CPM placenta, with the mosaic proportion of umbilical cord, fetal membranes, fetal surface, maternal surface, and edge ranging from 1% to 70%. Conclusions:The mosaic chromosomes in different CPM cases vary, and the mosaic proportion is unequal in different parts of the same CPM placenta. The pathological morphology is mainly manifested as perfusion dysfunction, which can lead to adverse pregnancy outcomes such as fetal growth restriction and preterm birth.

Objective:To investigate the distribution of HIV-1 genotypes and drug resistance characteristics among newly reported HIV-infected men who have sex with men in Yunnan Province, and to analyze the correlation between HIV-1 genotypes and concurrence with other sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) .Methods:A single-center cross-sectional study was conducted. A total of 79 newly reported HIV-infected men who have sex with men were collected from the Yunnan Provincial Hospital of Infectious Diseases from September 2020 to May 2021. Meanwhile, their blood and initial-stream urine samples were collected. Antibodies against Treponema pallidum or herpes simplex virus type 2 were detected in blood samples, while nucleic acid amplification tests were performed for the detection of Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis, and Mycoplasma genitalium in urine samples. Viral RNA was extracted from plasma samples, and the gag, env, and pol gene fragments were amplified by nested reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction for genotyping and drug resistance analysis. Differences between groups were analyzed using the chi-square test, and correlations between HIV-1 genotypes and concurrence with STDs were analyzed using logistic regression. Results:Totally, 72 samples were successfully genotyped, and 5 genotypes were identified, including CRF07_BC (43.06%, 31/72), CRF01_AE (33.33%, 24/72), URF (18.06%, 13/72), CRF55_01B (2.78%, 2/72), and CRF68_01B (2.78%, 2/72). The 13 cases of URF were classified into 3 recombination patterns, including 11 cases of CRF01_AE/CRF07_BC, 1 case of CRF08_BC/CRF07_BC, and 1 case of B/CRF07_BC. Drug resistance analysis was conducted for 36 cases according to the pol sequences, and the HIV drug resistance rate was 5.56% (2/36). The rate of concurrence with other STDs was 40.28% (29/72), and HIV infection mostly coexisted with syphilis (20.83%, 15/72), followed by herpes simplex virus type 2 infection (16.67%, 15/72), Mycoplasma genitalium infection (11.11%, 8/72), gonorrhea (5.56%, 4/72) and Chlamydia trachomatis infection (2.78%, 2/72). The rate of concurrence with two or more STDs was 12.50% (9/72). Logistic regression analysis showed that there was no significant correlation between HIV-1 genotypes and concurrence with different STDs (all P < 0.05) . Conclusions:The HIV-1 genotypes among men who have sex with men in Yunnan Province were complex, the drug resistance in HIV strains had reached a moderately epidemic level, and HIV-infected patients were often accompanied by other STDs. Thus, it is necessary to pay close attention to the change of HIV-1 genotypes and simultaneous screening and treatment of STDs in HIV-infected patients.

The comparison between traditional Chinese medicine Jinzhen oral liquid (JZOL) and Western medicine in treating children with acute bronchitis (AB) showed encouraging outcomes. This trial evaluated the efficacy and safety of the JZOL for improving cough and expectoration in children with AB. 480 children were randomly assigned to take JZOL or ambroxol hydrochloride and clenbuterol hydrochloride oral solution for 7 days. The primary outcome was time-to-cough resolution. The median time-to-cough resolution in both groups was 5.0 days and the antitussive onset median time was only 1 day. This randomized controlled trial showed that JZOL was not inferior to cough suppressant and phlegm resolving western medicine in treating cough and sputum and could comprehensively treat respiratory and systemic discomfort symptoms. Combined with clinical trials, the mechanism of JZOL against AB was uncovered by network target analysis, it was found that the pathways in TRP channels like IL-1β/IL1R/TRPV1/TRPA1, NGF/TrkA/TRPV1/TRPA1, and PGE2/EP/PKA/TRPV1/TRPA1 might play important roles. Animal experiments further confirmed that inflammation and the immune regulatory effect of JZOL in the treatment of AB were of vital importance and TRP channels were the key mechanism of action.

Objective To investigate the infection sites,pathogen distribution and risk factors of nosocomial infection after craniocerebral surgery.Methods This is a case-control study.Eighty patients with a mean age of(63.2±8.2)years who developed hospital acquired infections after craniocerebral treatment at Suzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine from January 2018 to December 2021 were assigned to infection group.Eighty patients with a mean age of(61.7±7.8)years who underwent craniocerebral surgery during the same period but did not develop hospital acquired infections were allocated to control group.The medical records and laboratory examination data of the patients were reviewed.Infection sites and pathogen characteristics in patients with hospital acquired infections after craniocerebral surgery were analyzed.Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to explore the risk factors for hospital acquired infections after craniocerebral surgery.Results The respiratory system was mainly infected in the 80 patients with hospital acquired infection after craniocerebral surgery(58.75%),followed by urinary system(22.50%).The main pathogenic bacteria in patients with respiratory system,urinary system and nervous system infections were Gram-negative bacteria.Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria in patients with blood system infection accounted for 50%,respectively.There was no significant difference in the composition of pathogenic bacteria among patients with infections in different parts of the body(P>0.05).In 51 patients with Gram-negative bacterial infections,the main pathogenic bacteria were Escherichia coli(26.25%)and Acinetobacter baumannii(15.00%).In 29 patients with Gram-positive bacterial infections,the main pathogenic bacteria were Staphylococcus aureus(16.25%)and Enterococcus faecalis(11.25%).Logistic regression model showed that non class Ⅰ incision,external ventricular drainage,cerebrospinal fluid leakage,non-prophylactic use of antibiotics before surgery,and indwelling catheter were independent risk factors for infection related complications in patients undergoing craniocerebral surgery(all P<0.05).Conclusion The respiratory system and urinary system are mainly involved in patients with nosocomial infection after craniocerebral surgery.The main pathogenic bacteria are Gram-negative bacteria.Non class Ⅰ incisions,external ventricular drainage,leakage of cerebrospinal fluid,non-prophylactic use of antibiotics before surgery,and indwelling catheter may increase the risk of postoperative infection.

Objective:To investigate the distribution of HIV-1 genotypes and drug resistance characteristics among newly reported HIV-infected men who have sex with men in Yunnan Province, and to analyze the correlation between HIV-1 genotypes and concurrence with other sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) .Methods:A single-center cross-sectional study was conducted. A total of 79 newly reported HIV-infected men who have sex with men were collected from the Yunnan Provincial Hospital of Infectious Diseases from September 2020 to May 2021. Meanwhile, their blood and initial-stream urine samples were collected. Antibodies against Treponema pallidum or herpes simplex virus type 2 were detected in blood samples, while nucleic acid amplification tests were performed for the detection of Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis, and Mycoplasma genitalium in urine samples. Viral RNA was extracted from plasma samples, and the gag, env, and pol gene fragments were amplified by nested reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction for genotyping and drug resistance analysis. Differences between groups were analyzed using the chi-square test, and correlations between HIV-1 genotypes and concurrence with STDs were analyzed using logistic regression. Results:Totally, 72 samples were successfully genotyped, and 5 genotypes were identified, including CRF07_BC (43.06%, 31/72), CRF01_AE (33.33%, 24/72), URF (18.06%, 13/72), CRF55_01B (2.78%, 2/72), and CRF68_01B (2.78%, 2/72). The 13 cases of URF were classified into 3 recombination patterns, including 11 cases of CRF01_AE/CRF07_BC, 1 case of CRF08_BC/CRF07_BC, and 1 case of B/CRF07_BC. Drug resistance analysis was conducted for 36 cases according to the pol sequences, and the HIV drug resistance rate was 5.56% (2/36). The rate of concurrence with other STDs was 40.28% (29/72), and HIV infection mostly coexisted with syphilis (20.83%, 15/72), followed by herpes simplex virus type 2 infection (16.67%, 15/72), Mycoplasma genitalium infection (11.11%, 8/72), gonorrhea (5.56%, 4/72) and Chlamydia trachomatis infection (2.78%, 2/72). The rate of concurrence with two or more STDs was 12.50% (9/72). Logistic regression analysis showed that there was no significant correlation between HIV-1 genotypes and concurrence with different STDs (all P < 0.05) . Conclusions:The HIV-1 genotypes among men who have sex with men in Yunnan Province were complex, the drug resistance in HIV strains had reached a moderately epidemic level, and HIV-infected patients were often accompanied by other STDs. Thus, it is necessary to pay close attention to the change of HIV-1 genotypes and simultaneous screening and treatment of STDs in HIV-infected patients.

This article reports two rare Crohn′s disease (CD) cases during infliximab maintenance treatment complicated with IgA vasculitis (IgAV) . Clinical characteristics, treatment, and pathogenesis of CD complicated with IgAV were discussed in details. Exploring the association between these two diseases is conducive to individualized treatment and improvement of patients′ prognosis.

This article reports two rare Crohn′s disease (CD) cases during infliximab maintenance treatment complicated with IgA vasculitis (IgAV) . Clinical characteristics, treatment, and pathogenesis of CD complicated with IgAV were discussed in details. Exploring the association between these two diseases is conducive to individualized treatment and improvement of patients′ prognosis.