Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and spatial-temporal clustering trend of scarlet fever in Nantong from 2009 to 2023, and to provide a scientific basis for scarlet fever prevention and control. Methods The incidence data of scarlet fever in Nantong from 2009 to 2023 were analyzed. Descriptive analysis, seasonal index method and Joinpoint 5.2.0 software were used to analyze epidemiological characteristics. Spatial-temporal clustering was assessed with SaTScan 10.2.5 software. Results The average annual incidence of scarlet fever in Nantong from 2009 to 2023 was 6.54/100 000. The overall morbidity rate of scarlet fever in Nantong had an increasing trend from 2009 to 2019 with an average annual percentage change of 14.55% (t=3.36，P<0.05). The cases mainly occurred during late spring to early summer and late autumn to early winter. Students, preschool children and scattered children were the main scarlet fever population. The average annual incidence of males was significantly higher than that of females (χ²=7.00, P<0.05). Rugao City, Chongchuan District and Tongzhou District were identified as high-incidence areas, accounting for 76.51% of all reported cases. Spatial-temporal scan analysis indicated that Rugao City and Chongchuan District were primary cluster areas, spanning from 2015 to 2021 (RR=3.77, LLR=1 308.07, P<0.05). Conclusion The number of reported cases of scarlet fever in Nantong City from 2009 to 2023 shows epidemic and spatial clustering, mainly concentrated in the central urban area and adjacent counties (cities). It is necessary to strengthen health education and disease surveillance in high-incidence areas, as well as in key institutions and key populations before epidemic peaks.

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and incidence trend of mumps in Nantong City from 2016 to 2023, and to provide a basis for scientific prevention and control. Methods Descriptive statistical analysis was conducted on monthly mumps incidence data in Nantong City from 2016 to 2023, and a SARIMA model was constructed to predict the incidence trend. Results A total of 3 928 mumps cases were reported in Nantong City from 2016 to 2023, with an average annual incidence rate of 6.36/100 000. Cases predominantly occurred during April–July and September–December, showing seasonal peaks. The male-to-female ratio was 1.43:1. The cases were concentrated in individuals aged ≤15 years (85.57%), primarily students, children in childcare settings, and scattered children (88.31%). The optimal model constructed by the SPSS Expert Modeler was SARIMA(1,0,0)(0,1,1)₁₂, predicting an epidemic peak of mumps in Nantong City from September to November in the second half of 2024. Conclusion From 2016 to 2023, mumps incidence in Nantong City has shown an overall downward trend with a seasonal bimodal distribution. Males had higher incidence rates than females, and cases were predominantly students, kindergartens and scattered children, highlighting the need to strengthen mumps prevention in schools and childcare institutions. The SARIMA model is suitable for short to medium term prediction of mumps in Nantong City. A minor peak is predicted to occur in the second half of 2024 (September–November). It is necessary to strengthen the epidemic surveillance of mumps and vaccination of age-eligible children.

Objective:The present study aims to investigate whether there is a shared alteration of the resting-state functional connectivity and amplitude of low frequency fluctuation (ALFF) within the limbic network across all three clinical phases of bipolar disorder.Methods:From July 2019 to December 2021, 107 patients diagnosed with bipolar disorder (bipolar disorder group) were recruited from the Institute of Mental Health at Xiangya Second Hospital, Central South University. Additionally, 46 healthy controls matched for age, gender, and education level were enrolled as the control group. According to the total scores of the Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS) and the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD 17), individuals with bipolar disorder can be categorized into three groups: bipolar manic group, bipolar depressive group, and bipolar euthymic group. Resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging data were collected from all the participants, and seed-based functional connectivity and ALFF in the limbic network were conducted to compare differences among three mood states and controls using One-way ANOVA and post hoc analysis. Finally, correlation analyses using Pearson or Spearman coefficients were performed between statistically significant intergroup differences in functional connectivity/ALFF values and total scores as well as factor scores on clinical rating scales. Results:In comparison to the healthy controls, there was a significant decrease in functional connectivity between the anterior cingulate gyrus and hippocampus across all three clinical phases of bipolar disorder after Bonferroni correction ( t=-2.60--2.07, P<0.05). Furthermore, the ALFF in the anterior cingulate gyrus during three phases showed a significantl reduction following false discovery rate correction ( t=-4.41--3.51, P<0.05). Moreover, a decreased functional connectivity between the left anterior cingulate gyrus and left hippocampus during the depressive phase demonstrated a significant negative correlation with work interest subscores of the HAMD 17 ( r=-0.406, P=0.021). Conclusions:Dysconnectivity and reduced activity within the anterior cingulate of the limbic network may represent common alterations of mood regulation disorder throughout all three clinical phases of bipolar disorder.

Objective:The present study aims to investigate whether there is a shared alteration of the resting-state functional connectivity and amplitude of low frequency fluctuation (ALFF) within the limbic network across all three clinical phases of bipolar disorder.Methods:From July 2019 to December 2021, 107 patients diagnosed with bipolar disorder (bipolar disorder group) were recruited from the Institute of Mental Health at Xiangya Second Hospital, Central South University. Additionally, 46 healthy controls matched for age, gender, and education level were enrolled as the control group. According to the total scores of the Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS) and the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD 17), individuals with bipolar disorder can be categorized into three groups: bipolar manic group, bipolar depressive group, and bipolar euthymic group. Resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging data were collected from all the participants, and seed-based functional connectivity and ALFF in the limbic network were conducted to compare differences among three mood states and controls using One-way ANOVA and post hoc analysis. Finally, correlation analyses using Pearson or Spearman coefficients were performed between statistically significant intergroup differences in functional connectivity/ALFF values and total scores as well as factor scores on clinical rating scales. Results:In comparison to the healthy controls, there was a significant decrease in functional connectivity between the anterior cingulate gyrus and hippocampus across all three clinical phases of bipolar disorder after Bonferroni correction ( t=-2.60--2.07, P<0.05). Furthermore, the ALFF in the anterior cingulate gyrus during three phases showed a significantl reduction following false discovery rate correction ( t=-4.41--3.51, P<0.05). Moreover, a decreased functional connectivity between the left anterior cingulate gyrus and left hippocampus during the depressive phase demonstrated a significant negative correlation with work interest subscores of the HAMD 17 ( r=-0.406, P=0.021). Conclusions:Dysconnectivity and reduced activity within the anterior cingulate of the limbic network may represent common alterations of mood regulation disorder throughout all three clinical phases of bipolar disorder.

BACKGROUNDKeshan disease (KD) is an endemic cardiomyopathy in China. The etiology of KD is still under debate and there is no effective approach to preventing and curing this disease. Young women of child-bearing age are the most frequent victims in rural areas. The aim of this study was to determine the differences between molecular pathogenic mechanisms in male and female KD sufferers.

METHODSWe extracted RNA from the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of KD patients (12 women and 4 men) and controls (12 women and 4 men). Then the isolated RNA was amplified, labeled and hybridized to Agilent human 4×44k whole genome microarrays. Gene expression was examined using oligonucleotide microarray analysis. A quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay was also performed to validate our microarray results.

RESULTSAmong the genes differentially expressed in female KD patients we identified: HLA-DOA, HLA-DRA, and HLA-DQA1 associated with spontaneous autoimmunity; BMP5 and BMP7, involved in cardiomyocyte differentiation defect; and ADAMTS 8, CCL23, and TNFSF15, implicated in anti-angiogenic activities. These genes are involved in the canonical pathways and networks recognized for the female KD sufferers and might be related to the pathogenic mechanism of KD.

CONCLUSIONOur results might help to explain the higher susceptibility of women to this disease.

ADAM Proteins ; genetics ; ADAMTS Proteins ; Adult ; Autoimmunity ; genetics ; physiology ; Bone Morphogenetic Protein 5 ; genetics ; Bone Morphogenetic Protein 7 ; genetics ; Cardiomyopathies ; genetics ; pathology ; Cell Differentiation ; genetics ; physiology ; Chemokines, CC ; genetics ; Enterovirus Infections ; genetics ; pathology ; Female ; Gene Expression Profiling ; HLA-D Antigens ; genetics ; HLA-DQ alpha-Chains ; genetics ; HLA-DR alpha-Chains ; genetics ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myocytes, Cardiac ; cytology ; metabolism ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; Sex Factors ; Tumor Necrosis Factor Ligand Superfamily Member 15 ; genetics

Objective To know the eutrophic state of Fenhe 1 reservoir. Methods The eutrophic level of Fenhe reservoir 1 was evaluated through measuring transparence,the total concentration of nitrogen(TN),phosphorus(TP),chlorophyll-a level(Chla) and the total count of the algal cells and calculating water TLI(∑). Results Water transparence in low water period was higher than that in common water period,TN concentration in low water period was higher than that in common water period,and it obviously exceeded the related standard limit in Surface Water Environment Quality Standard (GB3838—2002); TP concertration in common water period and low water period did not exceed the limit; Chla level was low;TLI(∑) in common water period and low water period was lower than 50. The total count of the algal cells was 1.67?106/L in low water period,which was much more than that(9.5?104/L) in the common water period. Conclusion Fenhe reservoir 1 is in mesotropher state.

Objective To construct an expression vector directed by hU_(6)snRNA promoter for synthesizing small RNA and to identify its functional activity in the gastric carcinoma cells——SGC-7901.Methods Using human genomic DNA as template,U_(6) snRNA promoter was obtained by PCR method,and then cloned into PUC19 vector to produce the recombinant plasmid PUC-hU_6-extra,which was sequenced and then transfected into gastric carcinoma cell——SGC-7901 with liposome.The effect of expression directed by U_6 promoter was detected by RT-PCR method,and the cell proliferation curve analysis was performed by stained dye.Results The hU_6 snRNA promoter with the first 27 nucleotides followed were successfully cloned into PUC19 plasmid.The recombinant vector could efficiently transcribe small RNA molecules and exerted no effect on cell proliferation in SGC-7901 cells in vitro.Conclusion We have successfully constructed the recombinant PUC-hU_6-extra plasmid vector that can efficiently transcribe small RNA molecules directed by hU_6 snRNA promoter in the gastric carcinoma cells——SGC-7901.

Shaanxi Province located at Midwest inland of China was a typical iodine deficient disorders region. To investigate iodine and selenium levels of neonates in the Shaanxi sub-clinical cretinism region of China after supplement of iodine salt for nearly twenty years. We collected 56 umbilical cord blood samples from cretinous regions of Yijun County (a selenium deficient region) north of Shaanxi Province and Ziyang County (a selenium-enriched region) south of the province and from Lintong in Xi'an (a non-cretinous region for control). Among these samples 17 were collected from Ziyang, 20 from Lintong and 19 from Yijun. Seven trace elements of iodine, selenium, zinc, copper, iron, calcium and magnesium in the umbilical cord blood samples were measured and the results were processed statistically. There were no significant differences in the levels of iodine among all three counties. However, the level of selenium in Ziyang was the highest and in Yijun it was the lowest. The other trace elements such as Cu Zn Fe and Mg showed no significant difference among the three counties except for the Ca level which was lower in Yijun.The regression equation was established with the backward method of multiple regression was: Se=0.180+0.00006654 Fe-0.006 Cu-0.005956 Mg+0.1.

To evaluate the effects of esmolol hydroehloride on hemodynamies during tracheal intubation. Method: One hundred patients undergoing elective cerebral, thoracic or abdominal operations, were randomly divided into three groups: Group A, Group B and Group C, which were injected I. V. esmolol 1.0mg/kg, 2.0mg/kg and normal saline 10ml respectively before induction of anesthesia. SP, DP, HR and RPP were recorded immediately before administration, before intubation and 1,2,3,5 and 10 min after intubation. Result: HR in Group A and Group B was signifcantly slower than in Group C, especially 3 min and 10 min after intubation(P

Objective To explore the genotoxicity of formaldehyde to mice.Methods Mice were exposed to formaldehyde of several concentrations(1.25,0.50,and 5.00 mg/m3) in the toxicant exposure chamber,2 h/d for 15 consecutive days.Bone marrow micronuclei test and single cell gel electrophoresis were employed to test the genotoxicity.Results Compared with the control group,a significant increase in the rate of micronuclei and the DNA damage of peripheral lymphocytes in experimental groups were found.As to the rate of micronuclei and DNA damage,an obvious dose-effect relationship was showed.Conclusion Formaldehyde has a genotoxic effect for mice,much more attention should be paid in this research field.