OBJECTIVETo summarize the experience of repairing of severely burned hand and wrist with abdominal thin skin flaps in insertion pattern.

METHODSTwelve burn patients with the dorsum of the hands and wrist being severely injured were enrolled in this report. The donor sites of the flaps were selected on the upper abdomen in 4 cases and on the lower abdomen in 8 cases. The division of the flap pedicles was done on the 10th - 13th postoperative days.

RESULTSAll the flaps survived except that there were two necrotic areas sized 2 cm x 2 cm and 1 cm x 1 cm, respectively, on the distal ends of the flaps in two cases. The hand function and contour recovered satisfactorily after the operation.

CONCLUSIONIt could be an ideal choice for the repair of severely burned hand and wrist with abdominal thin skin flaps.

Abdomen ; Adult ; Burns ; surgery ; Female ; Hand Injuries ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Skin Transplantation ; methods ; Time Factors ; Wound Healing ; Wrist Injuries ; surgery

OBJECTIVE To know the pathogens distribution and resistance situation in the burn wards.METHODS A retrospective analysis was conducted to 627 pathogen isolates and sensitivity results,which submitted by burn department from May 2005 to May 2008.RESULTS Gram-negative(G-) bacilli occupied for 33.8%,Gram-positive(G+) cocci occupied for 48.8% and fungi occupied for 17.4%.Acinetobacter baumannii occupied for 8.6%,Pseudomonas aeruginosa occupied for 6.0%,Staphylococcus aureus occupied for 77.5%,in which the isolation rate of meticillin-resistant S.aureus(MRSA) was 94.9%.The drug sensitivity tests showed that various detectable bacteria possessed multi-drug resistance;G+ bacteria were sensitive to vancomycin,G-were sensitive to imipenem,but only A.baumannii was sensitive to cefoperazone/sulbactam.CONCLUSIONS The bacterial infection in the burn department in our hospital mainly is due to G+ cocci,then is G-bacilli,from which the A.baumannii detection rate is increasing.Clinicians should enhence to detect the sensitivity of bacteria and use antibiotics reasonably.

The nutritional survey was made in 184 anorexia children aged 3-7, 123 of them were treated with various measures for three months. The results indicated that the children with anorexia had low intake and deficiency in energy, protein, minerals and vitamins. Most of them had zinc deficiency, but they simultaneously had two to three nutrients deficiency.The zinc treatment could improve most patient's syndrome and nutritional status. The effect of zinc treatment with vitamines and iron preparations was better than zinc treatment only. The effect of treatment with Chinese medicine also was able to cure the children with anorexia to certain extent.

Zinc, copper, manganese, cadmium, vitamin A, E and folic acid status of 36 pregnant and 40 nonpregnant women was studied. The results showed that dietary nutrient intakes of the pregnant women were more than that of the nonpregnant controls, but both of which were less than the corresponding values of the RDA. Serum zinc, folic acid and hair manganese concentrations were lower, while serum copper, cadmium, vitamin A and E were higher in pregnant women than that in nonpregnant women. The simultaneous occurrence of serum zinc decrease and cadmium increase during pregnancy may be a potential risk for the growth and development of foetus. So the interfering role of cadmium should not be neglected whenever we estimate zinc or copper status.

The nutritional status, serum protein, albumin, calcium, zinc, iron, SF, FEP, vitamin A, activity of RBC transketolase, and blood glutathione redu-ctase of 349 normal primigravidas, 30 healthy non-pregnant women and 42 toxemic gravidas were estimated longitudinally from the 1st trimester to delivery. It was noted that serum protein, albumin, Ca, Zn, and Fe decreased markedly in the course of pregnancy. The content of serum vitamin A showed no variation or decrease in the 3rd trimester in 1/3 of the pregnant women observed. Insufficiency of thiamine and riboflavin were noted in 16.7% and 47% of the normal pregnant women respectively. The adequate nutrients intakes in pregnancy were considered to be: Energy, +200 kcal/d; Protein, + 15g/d in the 2nd trimester and +25g/d in the 3rd trimester; Calcium 1000 mg/d in the 2nd trimester and 1500mg/d in the 3rd trimester; Zinc, 20mg/d; Iron 26 or 30 mg/d by supplementation if possible; vitaminA 1000 ?gRE/d; both thiamine and riboflavin 1.8 mg/d.

Three kinds of fortified biscuits and bread were given as breakfast for 5 months to 106 preschool children 4-6 years old lodged in a kindergarten, with a control group taking common biscuits and bread without fortification. 6 g protein and 160 kcal were supplied by 50 g of fortifed foods in which 0.25 g lysine, 0.25 g lysine and 0.8 mg riboflavin, and cod liver oil and calcium in addition to lysine and riboflavin were fortified respectively. The results showed that a diet with intake of 2.1 g protein and 71 kcal/kg body weight fortified on the average by 228 mg lysine or 228 mg lysine and 1.1 mg riboflavin increased the monthly increment of body weights, heights, and urinary excretions of creatinine per day. There was also a tendency of improvement, in nitrogen retention. The urinary excretion of riboflavin in load test was increased in the group taking the second kind of fortified foods.

The fortified food for lactating mothers supplied by Tianjin Food Research Institute was a powder made of soy-bean flour,egg,sugar and soyaoil,fortfied by calcium phosphate dibasic,riboflavin and ascorbic acid.Each package of the powder was 125 gm by weight providing 554kilocalorie,36gm protein,24gm fat and 829 mg calcim.It was given to 10 mothers,one package daily for 35 days.As aresult,both body weights and RBC of the mothers,and weights and heights of their babies were increased significantly. At the same time a marked increase in fat and calcium content of the breast milk was also noted.There was certain increment in the percentage of linoleic acid in the breast milk.The difference between the breast milk secretion before and after the supplementation was not significant.

Dietary survey in lactating mothers and analysis of composition of breast milk were performed. 73 healthy women, full term and normal delivery, 21-32 years of age, without family history of "insufficient milk secretion" or environmental, psychiatric and emotional disturbance were included in this study. 33 of them were female workers in the urban district and 40 of them were peasant women in the countryside. By comparing the daily dietary nutrient intakes of the urban and rural groups of lactating mothers with that recommended by the Chinese Nutrition Society (1981 revised), one can see that except iron and thiamine, all the others were below the standard recommended. Among these, total calories were only 82.7% and 77.3% respectively, protein 80.6% and 73.1%, riboflavin 96.7% and 41.1%, calcium 21.9% and 25.2% respectively. Intake of animal protein, total fat and fat energy ratio of the urban group were higher than that of the rural group, meanwhile the content of protein, fat and zinc in the breast milk of the urban group were also higher than that of the rural group, By stepwise regression analysis the following regression function was conducted;Y = 0.9-107 + 0.007x, Y represent the estimated protein content in the breast milk, and x, the fat energy ratio in the mothers diet. Positive correlation was seen between the dietary intake of animal protein and zinc content in the breast milk. r=0.47, p

A nutritional survey of 101 uncomplicated primigravidas and the relationship between maternal diet and infant birth weight were investigated. The maternal intake of protein, calcium, riboflavin and retinol during the pregnancy was lower than the amount that RDA suggested especially in the 2nd and 3rd trimesters. The intake of calories, fat, thiamine, riboflavin and nicotinic acid in the 2nd and 3rd trimesters were increased in compa-rision with the 1st. The correlation and stepwise regression analysis indicated that maternal intake of calories, protein, fat, carbohydrate, iron, calcium and riboflavin during pregnancy was significantly correlated to the birth weight.