ObjectiveTo investigate whether Huanglian Jiedutang （HLJD） and its major active constituents （geniposide， baicalin， and berberine） can inhibit the inflammatory response of BV2 cells under lipopolysaccharide （LPS） stimulation via the high-mobility group protein B1 （HMGB1）/Toll-like receptor 4 （TLR4）/nuclear factor-κB （NF-κB） signaling pathway， and to explore differences in therapeutic efficacy among the three monomers， their combined formula， and HLJD under equal content ratios. MethodsBV2 microglial cells were used as the primary experimental model. Cell viability was assessed using the cell counting kit-8 （CCK-8） method to examine the effects of different concentrations of dimethyl sulfoxide （DMSO， 0.8%， 0.4%， 0.2%， 0.1%， and 0.05%） on cell viability. IncuCyte was employed to monitor the growth of cells under different concentrations of HLJD （200， 100， 50， 25， 12.5， 6.25 mg·L^-1）. Nitric oxide （NO） assay was used to screen the optimal HLJD concentration. High-performance liquid chromatography （HPLC） determined the content of geniposide， baicalin， and berberine in HLJD， and experimental groups were subsequently established according to the relative proportions of these constituents. CCK-8 assay evaluated cell viability under different treatments. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） measured levels of inflammatory factors （TNF-α， IL-1β， IL-6， IL-10） in the supernatant. Flow cytometry assessed the effects of treatments on M1-type polarization of BV2 cells. Western blot determined the expression levels of HMGB1， TLR4， and NF-κB-related proteins. ResultsCompared with the blank group， DMSO at concentrations ≤0.2% did not affect cell viability within 48 h. BV2 cell growth plateaued at 24 h after treatment with 200 mg·L^-1 HLJD. Under stimulation with 2 mg·L^-1 LPS， this concentration of HLJD effectively reduced NO release， and 6 h pre-treatment had a stronger inhibitory effect on NO than direct administration. HPLC results showed that 1 mg of HLJD freeze-dried powder contained approximately 24 μg of geniposide， 15 μg of baicalin， and 30 μg of berberine. Based on these ratios， experimental groups were blank， LPS （2 mg·L^-1）， HLJD （200 mg·L^-1）， monomer combination， geniposide （4.8 mg·L^-1）， baicalin （3 mg·L^-1）， and berberine （6 mg·L^-1）. The monomer combination group consisted of all three active constituents dissolved together. LPS and HLJD or its active constituents did not affect cell viability compared with the blank group. LPS significantly increased TNF-α， IL-1β， IL-6， and IL-10 in the supernatant （P<0.01）. HLJD and its active constituents significantly reduced pro-inflammatory factors TNF-α， IL-1β， and IL-6 （P<0.05， P<0.01） while upregulating anti-inflammatory IL-10 （P<0.01）， with the monomer combination showing the strongest effect （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Compared with the blank group， LPS significantly increased the proportion of CD80⁺CD86⁺ （M1-type） BV2 cells （P<0.01）. HLJD and its constituents partially inhibited M1 polarization （P<0.05， P<0.01）， with the monomer combination exhibiting the most pronounced effect （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Compared with the blank group， LPS upregulated HMGB1， TLR4， and NF-κB-related proteins （P<0.01）， whereas HLJD and its active constituents significantly reduced their expression （P<0.05， P<0.01）， with the monomer combination having the strongest regulatory effect （P<0.05， P<0.01）. ConclusionHLJD and its major active constituents （geniposide， baicalin， berberine） can inhibit LPS-induced inflammatory responses in BV2 cells. The combination of the three active constituents demonstrates the most potent anti-inflammatory effect， significantly attenuating M1-type polarization of BV2 cells via the HMGB1/TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway.

Objective:To explore the effects of miR-125b on the proliferation, invasion and migration of pancreatic cancer cells by targeting SMYD2 signaling pathway.Methods:The expression of miRNA-125b in Aspc-1 and BxPC-3 lines of pancreatic cancer cells were detected. miRDB, ENCORI and TargetScan databases were used to predict the potential target genes of miRNA-125b. The downstream target genes of miRNA-125b were identified by qPCR assay and double luciferase reporter gene assay. Western blot analysis was performed to detect SMYD2 protein expression after transfection with miRNA-125b inhibitor. EdU staining, Annexin V-FITC/PI assay and Annexin V-FITC/PI assay were used to detect the effects of miRNA-125b inhibitor transfection and simultaneous transfection of miRNA-125b and SMYD2 inhibitor on cell proliferation, clonogenesis and apoptosis.Results:The expression level of miRNA-125b in pancreatic cancer cell lines was higher than that in normal pancreatic duct cells ( P<0.05). The downstream target gene of miRNA-125b was identified as SMYD2 by qPCR assay and double luciferase reporter gene assay. The expression of SMYD2 protein in miR-125b inhibitor group was higher than that in NC group ( P<0.01). EdU cell proliferation assay showed that the number of miRNA-125b positive cells in inhibitor group was lower than that in NC group and Inhibitor NC group ( P<0.05). The number of clones in miR-125b inhibitor+si-SMYD2 group was more than that in miR-125b inhibitor group ( P<0.01). Annexin V-FITC/PI assay showed that the apoptosis number of cell cells in miR-125b inhibitor+si-SMYD2 group was lower than that in miR-125b inhibitor group ( P<0.01) . Conclusion:miRNA-125b is highly expressed in pancreatic cancer cells, and can directly affect the expression of SMYD2 gene, thereby promoting the proliferation and inhibiting the apoptosis of pancreatic cancer cells.

Objective Under the guidance of nurses,an intelligent medical waste temporary storage equipment was developed and its application effect was evaluated,aiming to optimize the medical waste recycling process and save human resources.Methods A research and development(R&D)team was established to analyze the issues in the current medical waste temporary storage process.An intelligent medical waste temporary storage device was developed,equipped with functions such as categorized disposal,permission scanning,barcode recognition,intelligent weighing,overflow alarm,and ozone disinfection.From January 19th to February 20th,2023,an intelligent medical waste storage equipment was placed in the medical waste storage room on the 7th to 9th floors of the outpatient clinic of a tertiary hospital in Wuhan city as an experimental group;traditional medical waste storage bins were placed on the 4th and 5th floors of the outpatient department as a control group.The daily disposal indicators and environmental hygiene monitoring indicators of 2 groups of medical waste were compared.Results With the application of the intelligent medical waste temporary storage device,the disinfection rate of medical waste increased from 5.00％to 100％;the overflow rate decreased from 42.52％to 0％;the handover time reduced from 4.98±2.21 minutes to 1.07±0.35 minutes;the standardization rate of handovers rose from 15.83％to 100％.All these differences were statistically significant(P＜0.001).Additionally,the pass rate of bacterial colonies on the inner walls of bins increased from 53.33％to 67.78％,with a statistically significant difference(P=0.012).Conclusion The application of the intelligent medical waste temporary storage equipment significantly improves the efficiency and quality of medical waste management;at the same time,it also plays an active role in improving the storage environment,which can safeguard the environmental hygiene of hospitals and the safety of patients.

Objective:To explore the effects of miR-125b on the proliferation, invasion and migration of pancreatic cancer cells by targeting SMYD2 signaling pathway.Methods:The expression of miRNA-125b in Aspc-1 and BxPC-3 lines of pancreatic cancer cells were detected. miRDB, ENCORI and TargetScan databases were used to predict the potential target genes of miRNA-125b. The downstream target genes of miRNA-125b were identified by qPCR assay and double luciferase reporter gene assay. Western blot analysis was performed to detect SMYD2 protein expression after transfection with miRNA-125b inhibitor. EdU staining, Annexin V-FITC/PI assay and Annexin V-FITC/PI assay were used to detect the effects of miRNA-125b inhibitor transfection and simultaneous transfection of miRNA-125b and SMYD2 inhibitor on cell proliferation, clonogenesis and apoptosis.Results:The expression level of miRNA-125b in pancreatic cancer cell lines was higher than that in normal pancreatic duct cells ( P<0.05). The downstream target gene of miRNA-125b was identified as SMYD2 by qPCR assay and double luciferase reporter gene assay. The expression of SMYD2 protein in miR-125b inhibitor group was higher than that in NC group ( P<0.01). EdU cell proliferation assay showed that the number of miRNA-125b positive cells in inhibitor group was lower than that in NC group and Inhibitor NC group ( P<0.05). The number of clones in miR-125b inhibitor+si-SMYD2 group was more than that in miR-125b inhibitor group ( P<0.01). Annexin V-FITC/PI assay showed that the apoptosis number of cell cells in miR-125b inhibitor+si-SMYD2 group was lower than that in miR-125b inhibitor group ( P<0.01) . Conclusion:miRNA-125b is highly expressed in pancreatic cancer cells, and can directly affect the expression of SMYD2 gene, thereby promoting the proliferation and inhibiting the apoptosis of pancreatic cancer cells.

The incidence of delayed chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting is relatively high among pediatric cancer patients. Nausea and vomiting symptoms can exacerbate physical and psychological burdens, potentially leading to aversion and reduced treatment adherence. This paper analyzes and summarizes delayed chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting in pediatric cancer patients, covering overview, influencing factors, assessment tools, and non-pharmacological interventions, aiming to provide insights for clinical prevention and intervention strategies targeting delayed chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting in pediatric patients.

The incidence of delayed chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting is relatively high among pediatric cancer patients. Nausea and vomiting symptoms can exacerbate physical and psychological burdens, potentially leading to aversion and reduced treatment adherence. This paper analyzes and summarizes delayed chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting in pediatric cancer patients, covering overview, influencing factors, assessment tools, and non-pharmacological interventions, aiming to provide insights for clinical prevention and intervention strategies targeting delayed chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting in pediatric patients.

Bacterial infection is a major threat to global public health,and can cause serious diseases such as bacterial skin infection and foodborne diseases.It is essential to develop a new method to rapidly di-agnose clinical multiple bacterial infections and monitor food microbial contamination in production sites in real-time.In this work,we developed a 4-mercaptophenylboronic acid gold nanoparticles(4-MPBA-AuNPs)-functionalized hydrogel microneedle(MPBA-H-MN)for bacteria detection in skin inter-stitial fluid.MPBA-H-MN could conveniently capture and enrich a variety of bacteria within 5 min.Surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy(SERS)detection was then performed and combined with ma-chine learning technology to distinguish and identify a variety of bacteria.Overall,the capture efficiency of this method exceeded 50％.In the concentration range of 1 × 10 7 to 1 × 10 10 colony-forming units/mL(CFU/mL),the corresponding SERS intensity showed a certain linear relationship with the bacterial concentration.Using random forest(RF)-based machine learning,bacteria were effectively distinguished with an accuracy of 97.87％.In addition,the harmless disposal of used MNs by photothermal ablation was convenient,environmentally friendly,and inexpensive.This technique provided a potential method for rapid and real-time diagnosis of multiple clinical bacterial infections and for monitoring microbial contamination of food in production sites.

Bacterial infection is a major threat to global public health, and can cause serious diseases such as bacterial skin infection and foodborne diseases. It is essential to develop a new method to rapidly diagnose clinical multiple bacterial infections and monitor food microbial contamination in production sites in real-time. In this work, we developed a 4-mercaptophenylboronic acid gold nanoparticles (4-MPBA-AuNPs)-functionalized hydrogel microneedle (MPBA-H-MN) for bacteria detection in skin interstitial fluid. MPBA-H-MN could conveniently capture and enrich a variety of bacteria within 5 min. Surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) detection was then performed and combined with machine learning technology to distinguish and identify a variety of bacteria. Overall, the capture efficiency of this method exceeded 50%. In the concentration range of 1 × 10⁷ to 1 × 10¹⁰ colony-forming units/mL (CFU/mL), the corresponding SERS intensity showed a certain linear relationship with the bacterial concentration. Using random forest (RF)-based machine learning, bacteria were effectively distinguished with an accuracy of 97.87%. In addition, the harmless disposal of used MNs by photothermal ablation was convenient, environmentally friendly, and inexpensive. This technique provided a potential method for rapid and real-time diagnosis of multiple clinical bacterial infections and for monitoring microbial contamination of food in production sites.

Image 1.

Objective Under the guidance of nurses,an intelligent medical waste temporary storage equipment was developed and its application effect was evaluated,aiming to optimize the medical waste recycling process and save human resources.Methods A research and development(R&D)team was established to analyze the issues in the current medical waste temporary storage process.An intelligent medical waste temporary storage device was developed,equipped with functions such as categorized disposal,permission scanning,barcode recognition,intelligent weighing,overflow alarm,and ozone disinfection.From January 19th to February 20th,2023,an intelligent medical waste storage equipment was placed in the medical waste storage room on the 7th to 9th floors of the outpatient clinic of a tertiary hospital in Wuhan city as an experimental group;traditional medical waste storage bins were placed on the 4th and 5th floors of the outpatient department as a control group.The daily disposal indicators and environmental hygiene monitoring indicators of 2 groups of medical waste were compared.Results With the application of the intelligent medical waste temporary storage device,the disinfection rate of medical waste increased from 5.00％to 100％;the overflow rate decreased from 42.52％to 0％;the handover time reduced from 4.98±2.21 minutes to 1.07±0.35 minutes;the standardization rate of handovers rose from 15.83％to 100％.All these differences were statistically significant(P＜0.001).Additionally,the pass rate of bacterial colonies on the inner walls of bins increased from 53.33％to 67.78％,with a statistically significant difference(P=0.012).Conclusion The application of the intelligent medical waste temporary storage equipment significantly improves the efficiency and quality of medical waste management;at the same time,it also plays an active role in improving the storage environment,which can safeguard the environmental hygiene of hospitals and the safety of patients.