Objective:To investigate the occurrence and influencing factors of oral frailty among the elderly in China.Methods:General information questionnaire,Oral Frailty Scale,Sarcopenia Screening Questionnaire(SARC-F),Social Network Scale-6(LSNS-6)and Subjective Cognitive Decline Questionnaire(SCD-Q9)were used to conduct a survey in Anhui Province.A survey was conducted among 3 063 elderly people to analyze their current status and influencing factors related to oral frailty.Results:The incidence of oral frailty among the elderly in Anhui Province was 46.82％(1434/3063).Binary logistic regression analysis showed sarcopenia(OR=8.742,95％CI:7.156-10.679),social isolation(OR=1.601,95％CI:1.313-1.953),and subjective cogni-tive decline(OR=2.424,95％CI:1.905-3.085),90 years old and above(OR=2.261,95％CI:1.304-3.922)and having disability(OR=1.341,95％CI:1.040～1.729)are risk factors for oral frailty in the elderly in Anhui Province.Conclusion:The incidence of oral frailty is high among the elderly in Anhui Province.Risk factors for oral frailty include sarcopenia,social isolation,subjective cognitive decline,advanced age,and disability.

Objective:To investigate the occurrence and influencing factors of oral frailty among the elderly in China.Methods:General information questionnaire,Oral Frailty Scale,Sarcopenia Screening Questionnaire(SARC-F),Social Network Scale-6(LSNS-6)and Subjective Cognitive Decline Questionnaire(SCD-Q9)were used to conduct a survey in Anhui Province.A survey was conducted among 3 063 elderly people to analyze their current status and influencing factors related to oral frailty.Results:The incidence of oral frailty among the elderly in Anhui Province was 46.82％(1434/3063).Binary logistic regression analysis showed sarcopenia(OR=8.742,95％CI:7.156-10.679),social isolation(OR=1.601,95％CI:1.313-1.953),and subjective cogni-tive decline(OR=2.424,95％CI:1.905-3.085),90 years old and above(OR=2.261,95％CI:1.304-3.922)and having disability(OR=1.341,95％CI:1.040～1.729)are risk factors for oral frailty in the elderly in Anhui Province.Conclusion:The incidence of oral frailty is high among the elderly in Anhui Province.Risk factors for oral frailty include sarcopenia,social isolation,subjective cognitive decline,advanced age,and disability.

Objective To explore the effects of optimized nutrition intervention scheme on nutritional status and clinical outcome during transplantation in the patients with allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT).Methods Seventy inpatients with allo-HSCT in this hospital from January to December 2022 were selected as the study subjects and divided into the control group and intervention group by the random number table method,35 cases in each group.The control group conducted the conventional nutritional intervention and the intervention group conducted the optimized nutritional intervention.The nutri-tional indicators[body weight,patient-generated subjective global assessment (PG-SGA),energy and protein intake],levels of total protein (TP),albumin (ALB) and prealbumin (PA),hospitalization duration,hospitali-zation costs and adverse reactions occurrence were compared between the two groups.The differences in the nutritional status and clinical outcomes in the tow groups were comprehensively evaluated.Results Compared with the control group,the body weight decrease ranges in entering the laminar flow ward and on 60 d of transplantation in the intervention group were much less[3.10(1.10,4.80)kg vs. 4.30(3.10,6.70)kg;3.20 (1.00,5.50)kg vs. 4.15(3.33,7.88)kg],the PG-SGA score was lower[(10.43±3.25)points vs. (13.00±3.05) points],the PA level was higher[(189.63±51.29)mg/L vs. (163.83±48.03)mg/L],the energy and protein oral intakes were much more[(753.99±350.66)kcal vs. (539.96±247.65)kcal;(33.87±15.87)g vs. (20.43±12.57)g],the diarrhea occurrence rate was lower (14.3％ vs. 37.1％),and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05).Conclusion Optimizing the nutritional intervention during allo-HSCT pe-riod is beneficial to improve the nutritional status of the patients,and reduce the incidence rate of adverse reac-tions.

Objective:To summarize the essential elements of clinical doctors′ ward rounds etiquette norms from the perspective of whether doctors′ speech and behavior in actual ward rounds pay attention to patients′ feelings and reflect humanistic care, in order to provide references for improving patients′ treatment effects and medical experience management.Methods:From July to October 2023, a purposeful sampling method was employed to select 16 clinical doctors with ward rounds experience from the eastern, central, western, and northeastern regions across the country. Semi-structured interviews were conducted online via video, focusing on issues related to etiquette norms during ward rounds. The Colaizzi′s seven-step analysis method was used to conduct an inductive analysis of the interview materials.Results:four themes were distilled: friendly and caring body language; accurate, understandable, clear, and timely explanations; appropriate praise and affirmation to encourage patients to actively participate in their disease management; and admonitions to patients and their families regarding disease-related precautions. These four themes were summarized as the " four essentials of ward rounds, " which could be encapsulated as " altruistic inquiry; accurate explanation; affirmative engagement and adequate advice" .Conclusions:The " four essentials of ward rounds" can be made a mandatory part of the clinical doctors′ workflow in the medical quality management process and are recommended for nationwide promotion. This can further enhance the communication skills of clinical doctors, strengthen patients′ trust, improve treatment compliance, and improve doctor-patient relationships, thereby improving the treatment effects, satisfaction, and experience of inpatients.

Objective:To summarize the essential elements of clinical doctors′ ward rounds etiquette norms from the perspective of whether doctors′ speech and behavior in actual ward rounds pay attention to patients′ feelings and reflect humanistic care, in order to provide references for improving patients′ treatment effects and medical experience management.Methods:From July to October 2023, a purposeful sampling method was employed to select 16 clinical doctors with ward rounds experience from the eastern, central, western, and northeastern regions across the country. Semi-structured interviews were conducted online via video, focusing on issues related to etiquette norms during ward rounds. The Colaizzi′s seven-step analysis method was used to conduct an inductive analysis of the interview materials.Results:four themes were distilled: friendly and caring body language; accurate, understandable, clear, and timely explanations; appropriate praise and affirmation to encourage patients to actively participate in their disease management; and admonitions to patients and their families regarding disease-related precautions. These four themes were summarized as the " four essentials of ward rounds, " which could be encapsulated as " altruistic inquiry; accurate explanation; affirmative engagement and adequate advice" .Conclusions:The " four essentials of ward rounds" can be made a mandatory part of the clinical doctors′ workflow in the medical quality management process and are recommended for nationwide promotion. This can further enhance the communication skills of clinical doctors, strengthen patients′ trust, improve treatment compliance, and improve doctor-patient relationships, thereby improving the treatment effects, satisfaction, and experience of inpatients.

Humans ; China/epidemiology* ; SARS-CoV-2 ; COVID-19

Organ transplantation is the most effective treatment for all categories of end-stage organ diseases. To resolve the shortage of donors in organ transplantation, widespread attention has been diverted to xenotransplantation. At present, clinicians mainly highlight the problems related to xenotransplantation rejection and viral infection. The physiology of xenotransplantation has been rarely studied. Kidney performs endocrine function by producing erythropoietin (EPO), renin and activating vitamin D. Although these pathways are usually well preserved in allogeneic transplantation, species-specific differences, especially those between pigs and non-human primates, may still affect the physiological function of transplant organs. In this article, the changes of EPO, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) and active vitamin D₃ of pig and human after xenotransplantation were illustrated, aiming to provide reference for subclinical research of xenotransplantation.

At present, the prevention and control situation of epidemics of Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is still serious, medical institutions should provide quality and safe routine medical services while doing their best in the prevention and control of this disease. The purpose of this article is to suggest a way to give quality and safe medical services to patients who need surgical treatment, especially to those who need emergency surgical treatment, with strict classified managements and standard precaution during perioperative period. With those suggestions, we may reduce the incidence of nosocomial infection and contribute to the prevention and control of COVID-19.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the validity and predictive value of different methods for myopia screening, and to provide the most effective method of myopia screening. Methods: A total of 7 441 students of grade 1-12 selected from 36 primary and middle schools in 12 counties in Jiangsu Province were enrolled in this study for ophthalmological examination, and uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA, Plan A), noncycloplegic autorefraction (NCAR, Plan B) and combination of UCVA and NCAR (Plan C) were included in the examination. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve was performed to determine the cut-off values (The gold standard is cycloplegic refraction: SE≤0.5 D), and positive predictive value, sensitivities, specificities and other indicators of three screening tests were compared and calculated. Results: The AUC of the combination test for uncorrected visual acuity(UCVA) and noncycloplegic autorefraction (NCAR) was nearly 1(0.91, 95%CI=0.90-0.92), and the sensitivity, specificity, Yoden index, diagnostic coincidence rate, positive predictive value and negative predictive value were 92.4%，89.5%，0.82，91.1%，91.3%，90.8%, respectively, but the index of the younger pupils in primary schools was relatively low. The result of screening plan A for students of middle and high school students was the closest to that of myopia diagnosis. Conclusion Combination test, which was recommended by China National Health Commission, can be a practical solution for school students for myopic screening. Under the condition of no mydriatic refraction, Plan A could be considered for myopia screening especially for middle and high school students. For the younger pupils, it is suggested to use the internationally recommended myopia screening strategy, that is, SE ≤ 0.50D after mydriasis.