OBJECTIVE:Disorders in iron metabolism increase the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus.Hepcidin play an important role in maintaining iron homeostasis in the body,but its level increases with increased inflammation.Changes in hepcidin and iron homeostasis and the extent of their association with inflammation in people with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus are unknown.Meta-analysis was used to evaluate the effect of inflammation on serum hepcidin and iron metabolism related parameters in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.METHODS:CNKI,PubMed,Web of Science and EBSCOhost databases were searched by computer to collect observational studies related to inflammatory index and hepcidin in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.The search time was from September 1,2000 to September 30,2024.Three researchers independently screened the literature,extracted data and evaluated the quality of the included literature.Meta-analysis was performed by Review Manager 5.3,Stata 17.0 and GraphPad Prism 8.0.2 software.RESULTS:A total of 15 articles(17 studies)involving 3 159 participants,including 1 357 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus,were included.Meta-analysis results showed that compared with the control group,patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus had higher levels of serum hepcidin[standardized mean difference(SMD)=0.35,95％confidence interval(CI)(0.05,0.65),P＜0.05],serum ferritin(SMD=0.49,95％CI(0.21,0.78),P＜0.01)and serum transferrin(SMD=0.19,95％CI(0.00,0.37),P＜0.05).Subgroup analysis results indicated that inflammation had a significant effect on serum hepcidin(SMD=0.76,95％CI(0.17,1.34),P＜0.05)and serum ferritin(SMD=0.77,95％CI(0.06,1.47),P＜0.05)in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.CONCLUSION:Hepcidin concentration is positively correlated with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Inflammation is one of the risk factors of type 2 diabetes mellitus.Early prevention of inflammation has certain significance in preventing iron metabolism disorder in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

OBJECTIVE:Disorders in iron metabolism increase the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus.Hepcidin play an important role in maintaining iron homeostasis in the body,but its level increases with increased inflammation.Changes in hepcidin and iron homeostasis and the extent of their association with inflammation in people with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus are unknown.Meta-analysis was used to evaluate the effect of inflammation on serum hepcidin and iron metabolism related parameters in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.METHODS:CNKI,PubMed,Web of Science and EBSCOhost databases were searched by computer to collect observational studies related to inflammatory index and hepcidin in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.The search time was from September 1,2000 to September 30,2024.Three researchers independently screened the literature,extracted data and evaluated the quality of the included literature.Meta-analysis was performed by Review Manager 5.3,Stata 17.0 and GraphPad Prism 8.0.2 software.RESULTS:A total of 15 articles(17 studies)involving 3 159 participants,including 1 357 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus,were included.Meta-analysis results showed that compared with the control group,patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus had higher levels of serum hepcidin[standardized mean difference(SMD)=0.35,95％confidence interval(CI)(0.05,0.65),P＜0.05],serum ferritin(SMD=0.49,95％CI(0.21,0.78),P＜0.01)and serum transferrin(SMD=0.19,95％CI(0.00,0.37),P＜0.05).Subgroup analysis results indicated that inflammation had a significant effect on serum hepcidin(SMD=0.76,95％CI(0.17,1.34),P＜0.05)and serum ferritin(SMD=0.77,95％CI(0.06,1.47),P＜0.05)in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.CONCLUSION:Hepcidin concentration is positively correlated with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Inflammation is one of the risk factors of type 2 diabetes mellitus.Early prevention of inflammation has certain significance in preventing iron metabolism disorder in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the therapeutic effect and mechanism of Qiwei dongqingye powder （QDP） on bronchial asthma in mice. METHODS The mice were divided into blank group （normal saline）， model group （normal saline）， dexamethasone group （2 mg/kg）， and QDP low-， medium-， and high-dose groups （200， 400， 800 mg/kg）， with 14 mice in each group. Except for the blank group， mice in all other groups were given ovalbumin via intraperitoneal injection followed by aerosol inhalation to induce a bronchial asthma model. During the modeling process， mice in each group were administered corresponding drug solutions or normal saline intragastrically/intraperitoneally. After the last medication， the number of cells in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid （BALF） of the mice was observed and counted； the pathological changes of the bronchus and lung tissue were observed； the levels of malondialdehyde （MDA）， nitric oxide （NO）， total superoxide dismutase （T-SOD）， and glutathione peroxidase （GSH-Px） in the lung tissue of the mice were determined， and the level of interleukin-17 （IL-17） in the BALF and serum was determined. Transcriptomics was employed to predict and validate the mechanism of action of QDP against bronchial asthma. RESULTS Compared with the model group， the total cell count， neutrophil count， lymphocyte count， and macrophage counts in the BALF of the QDP high-dose group were all significantly reduced （ P ＜0.05）； the levels of MDA and NO in the lung tissue， and the levels of IL-17 in the BALF and serum were all decreased significantly （ P ＜0.05）； the levels of T-SOD and GSH-Px were significantly increased （ P ＜0.05）； the arrangement of lung tissue cells tended to normalize， with reduced infiltration of inflammatory cells and decreased exfoliation of bronchial simple columnar epithelial cells. The transcriptomic results revealed that the differentially expressed genes were B-cell receptor signaling pathway， nuclear factor κB （NF-κB） signaling pathway， ferroptosis signaling pathway， and others. Further validation revealed that， compared with the model group， the expression levels of NF-κB p65 and chemokine ligand 20， as well as the phosphorylation level of NF-κB inhibitor protein α， were significantly decreased in the lung tissues of the mice in all QDP groups （ P ＜0.05）. Conversely， the protein expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 （Nrf2） and heme oxygenase 1 （HO-1） were significantly increased （ P ＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS QDP can effectively alleviate bronchial asthma by inhibiting the NF-κB signaling pathway， activating the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway， regulating oxidative stress， and reducing inflammatory responses.

ObjectiveThis paper aims to explore the in vitro anti-psoriasis activity and potential mechanism of Kangfuxin liquid （KFX liquid）， providing experimental evidence for the anti-psoriasis effect of KFX liquid. MethodsFirstly， the uninduced human immortalized keratinocyte cells （HaCaT cells） were divided into seven groups， namely the control group and KFX liquid groups with different doses （5， 10， 20， 40， 80， 160 g·L^-1）. After being treated with different concentrations of KFX liquid， the effect of KFX liquid on the normal cell proliferation was detected by using the cell counting kit-8 （CCK-8） method. Secondly， the uninduced HaCaT cells were divided into six groups， namely the control group and recombinant human interleukin-7A （rh-IL-7A） groups with different doses （5， 10， 50， 100， 120 g·L^-1）. After being treated with different concentrations of recombinant human interleukin-17A （rh IL-17A） liquid， the effect of rh IL-17A on cell proliferation was detected. The optimal induction concentration was screened. Then， normal HaCaT cells were divided into a control group and KFX liquid groups with different doses （5， 10， 20， 40， 80， 160 g·L^-1）. Except for the control group， the other groups established psoriasis cell models with the optimal induction concentration of rh IL-17A. After being treated with different concentrations of KFX liquid， the effects of KFX liquid on the psoriasis-like HaCaT cell proliferation were investigated. Finally， the uninduced HaCaT cells were divided into six groups， namely the control group， rh IL-17A group， methotrexate （MTX） group， and KFX liquid groups with different doses （20， 40， 80 g·L^-1）. Except for the control group， the other groups used the optimal induction concentration of rh IL-17A to establish psoriasis cell models. After being treated with different drugs， the cell migration levels were detected through scratch assays， and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR） was used to detect the relative mRNA expression levels of Ki-67 antigen （Ki67）， S100 calcium-binding protein A7 （S100A7）， S100 calcium-binding protein A8 （S100A8）， and S100 calcium-binding protein A9 （S100A9）， thereby comprehensively evaluating the in vitro anti-psoriasis activity of KFX liquid. By detecting the relative mRNA expression levels of interleukin-1β （IL-1β）， interleukin-6 （IL-6）， and chemokine-20 （CXCL-20） inflammatory-related factors in psoriasis-like HaCaT cells and the protein expression levels of Janus kinase 3 （JAK3）， phosphorylated Janus kinase 3 （p-JAK3）， signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 （STAT3）， and phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 （p-STAT3）， the mechanism was explored. ResultsCompared with that of control group， when treated with 80 g·L^-1 KFX liquid for 72 h （P<0.05） and at different times with 160 g·L^-1 KFX liquid， the HaCaT cell proliferation activity was significantly affected （P<0.01）， while the other concentrations of KFX liquid had no significant differences in cell morphology and cell proliferation activity at different times， indicating that the KFX liquid is relatively safe for HaCaT cells and has no obvious toxic side effects. Compared with that of control group， when treated with different concentrations of rh IL-17A for 24 h， the HaCaT cell proliferation activity was significantly enhanced， and the cell activity was the strongest when the concentration was 100 μg·L^-1 （P<0.05）， with a density close to 100% and intact cell morphology， indicating that 100 μg·L^-1 is the optimal concentration for inducing HaCaT cell proliferation. The results of the KFX liquid treatment on rh IL-17A-induced psoriasis-like cells show that the KFX liquid not only effectively inhibits the rh IL-17A-induced psoriasis-like HaCaT cell proliferation activity （P<0.01）， but also significantly reduces the migration ability of rh IL-17A-induced psoriasis-like HaCaT cells （P<0.01）， and the relative mRNA expression levels of Ki67， S100A7， S100A8， and S100A9 （P<0.01）. Moreover， the KFX liquid can significantly reduce the relative mRNA expression levels of IL-1β， IL-6， and CXCL-20 in rh IL-17A-induced psoriasis-like cells （P<0.01）， and significantly inhibit the phosphorylation levels of JAK3 and STAT3 proteins （P<0.05， P<0.01）. ConclusionThe KFX liquid has no obvious toxicity to uninduced HaCaT cells. It can inhibit rh IL-17A-induced psoriasis-like HaCaT cell proliferation， reduce the cell migration ability， and has good in vitro anti-psoriasis activity. Its action mechanism may be related to downregulating the expression levels of inflammation-related cytokines in the JAK3/STAT3 signaling pathway and inhibiting the phosphorylation levels of JAK3 and STAT3 proteins.

ObjectiveThis paper aims to explore the in vitro anti-psoriasis activity and potential mechanism of Kangfuxin liquid （KFX liquid）， providing experimental evidence for the anti-psoriasis effect of KFX liquid. MethodsFirstly， the uninduced human immortalized keratinocyte cells （HaCaT cells） were divided into seven groups， namely the control group and KFX liquid groups with different doses （5， 10， 20， 40， 80， 160 g·L^-1）. After being treated with different concentrations of KFX liquid， the effect of KFX liquid on the normal cell proliferation was detected by using the cell counting kit-8 （CCK-8） method. Secondly， the uninduced HaCaT cells were divided into six groups， namely the control group and recombinant human interleukin-7A （rh-IL-7A） groups with different doses （5， 10， 50， 100， 120 g·L^-1）. After being treated with different concentrations of recombinant human interleukin-17A （rh IL-17A） liquid， the effect of rh IL-17A on cell proliferation was detected. The optimal induction concentration was screened. Then， normal HaCaT cells were divided into a control group and KFX liquid groups with different doses （5， 10， 20， 40， 80， 160 g·L^-1）. Except for the control group， the other groups established psoriasis cell models with the optimal induction concentration of rh IL-17A. After being treated with different concentrations of KFX liquid， the effects of KFX liquid on the psoriasis-like HaCaT cell proliferation were investigated. Finally， the uninduced HaCaT cells were divided into six groups， namely the control group， rh IL-17A group， methotrexate （MTX） group， and KFX liquid groups with different doses （20， 40， 80 g·L^-1）. Except for the control group， the other groups used the optimal induction concentration of rh IL-17A to establish psoriasis cell models. After being treated with different drugs， the cell migration levels were detected through scratch assays， and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR） was used to detect the relative mRNA expression levels of Ki-67 antigen （Ki67）， S100 calcium-binding protein A7 （S100A7）， S100 calcium-binding protein A8 （S100A8）， and S100 calcium-binding protein A9 （S100A9）， thereby comprehensively evaluating the in vitro anti-psoriasis activity of KFX liquid. By detecting the relative mRNA expression levels of interleukin-1β （IL-1β）， interleukin-6 （IL-6）， and chemokine-20 （CXCL-20） inflammatory-related factors in psoriasis-like HaCaT cells and the protein expression levels of Janus kinase 3 （JAK3）， phosphorylated Janus kinase 3 （p-JAK3）， signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 （STAT3）， and phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 （p-STAT3）， the mechanism was explored. ResultsCompared with that of control group， when treated with 80 g·L^-1 KFX liquid for 72 h （P<0.05） and at different times with 160 g·L^-1 KFX liquid， the HaCaT cell proliferation activity was significantly affected （P<0.01）， while the other concentrations of KFX liquid had no significant differences in cell morphology and cell proliferation activity at different times， indicating that the KFX liquid is relatively safe for HaCaT cells and has no obvious toxic side effects. Compared with that of control group， when treated with different concentrations of rh IL-17A for 24 h， the HaCaT cell proliferation activity was significantly enhanced， and the cell activity was the strongest when the concentration was 100 μg·L^-1 （P<0.05）， with a density close to 100% and intact cell morphology， indicating that 100 μg·L^-1 is the optimal concentration for inducing HaCaT cell proliferation. The results of the KFX liquid treatment on rh IL-17A-induced psoriasis-like cells show that the KFX liquid not only effectively inhibits the rh IL-17A-induced psoriasis-like HaCaT cell proliferation activity （P<0.01）， but also significantly reduces the migration ability of rh IL-17A-induced psoriasis-like HaCaT cells （P<0.01）， and the relative mRNA expression levels of Ki67， S100A7， S100A8， and S100A9 （P<0.01）. Moreover， the KFX liquid can significantly reduce the relative mRNA expression levels of IL-1β， IL-6， and CXCL-20 in rh IL-17A-induced psoriasis-like cells （P<0.01）， and significantly inhibit the phosphorylation levels of JAK3 and STAT3 proteins （P<0.05， P<0.01）. ConclusionThe KFX liquid has no obvious toxicity to uninduced HaCaT cells. It can inhibit rh IL-17A-induced psoriasis-like HaCaT cell proliferation， reduce the cell migration ability， and has good in vitro anti-psoriasis activity. Its action mechanism may be related to downregulating the expression levels of inflammation-related cytokines in the JAK3/STAT3 signaling pathway and inhibiting the phosphorylation levels of JAK3 and STAT3 proteins.

Objective To investigate the protective effects of Kaempferol(KAE)against hepatic lipid de-position induced by a high-fat diet,as well as the underlying mechanisms.Methods C57BL/6J male mice were fed a high-fat diet for 22 weeks to establish a chronic nonalcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH)model.KAE was admin-istered during the last 8 weeks as an interventional agent to evaluate its effects.Liver lipid deposition was assessed,and the expression levels of endoplasmic reticulum(ER)stress-related proteins,activation of the Farnesoid X Re-ceptor(FXR)signaling pathway,and the expression of lipid synthesis-related genes were analyzed.In vitro,pal-mitic acid(PA)was used to stimulate AML-12 cells to induce lipid accumulation.Additionally,siRNA targeting FXR was transfected into AML-12 cells to investigate the role of the ER stress-FXR signaling pathway in mediating the effects of KAE.Results The intervention of kaempferol inhibited the rapid weight gain induced by a high-fat diet,reduced serum total cholesterol,triglyceride levels,and ALT activity,effectively alleviated large-scale lipid aggregation in the liver,thereby exerting a protective effect against hepatic lipid deposition in NASH.Mechanisti-cally,KAE decreased hepatic ER stress,promoted the expression of FXR and its activation marker SHP,thereby suppressing the expression of FASN and reducing hepatic lipid synthesis.In vitro,KAE treatment significantly re-versed the inhibitory effect of excessive ER stress on FXR activity,as evidenced by the upregulation of FXR activ-ity leading to decreased FASN expression and reduced steatosis in AML-12 cells.Moreover,FXR knockdown mark-edly abolished the protective effects of KAE on lipid deposition in AML-12 cells exposed to PA,by eliminating the promoting effect of KAE on SHP expression and the SHP-mediated suppression of SREBP1c.Conclusions KAE treatment alleviated ER stress,thereby enhancing FXR/SHP signaling and subsequently suppressing lipid synthesis to reduce hepatic lipid accumulation.These findings suggest that KAE holds therapeutic potential for the manage-ment of hepatic steatosis in NASH.

Objective:To explore the core dimensions of adolescent anxiety and their relationship with parental rearing styles and perceived social support using network analysis.Methods:A total of 3 712 adolescents were in-vestigated.The Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders,the Short-form Egna Minnenav Barndoms Uppfostran for Chinese,and the Perceived Social Support Scale were used to assess the anxiety levels,parental rea-ring styles,and perceived social support.Network analysis and gender network comparison were conducted using R programming language.Results:The network analysis model showed that generalized anxiety and somatization/pan-ic anticipation had the highest Expected Influence of 1.21 and 1.12,which were the two core dimensions of adoles-cent anxiety levels.The affective warmth in parental rearing styles had a Bridge Expected Influence index of 0.34,making it a bridging node in the network.The network comparison result indicated that there were significant struc-tural gender differences in the adolescent anxiety-parenting style-perceived social support network(P＜0.05),but there was no significant gender difference in global strength(P＞0.05).Conclusion:Interventions targeting adoles-cent anxiety should prioritize generalized anxiety and somatization/panic.Emotional warmth in parenting serves as a bridge connecting adolescent anxiety with perceived levels of social support.

Objective:To investigate the effect of glucagon like peptide-2(GLP-2)on 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid(TNBS)induced intestinal mucosal tissue damage and the effects of helper T cell 1/helper T cell 2(Th1/Th2)balance in rats with Crohn's disease(CD).Methods:Forty rats were randomly divided into control group,CD group,treatment(CD+GLP-2)group and positive control[CD+sulfasalazine(SASP)]group,with 10 rats in each group.TNBS induced CD model was established and the rats in the other 3 groups were given corresponding treatment.After completion,colon macroscopic damage index(CMDI)was evaluated,HE staining was used to observe the histopathological changes of intestinal mucosa,TUNEL staining was used to detect apoptosis of co-lonic tissue cells,ELISA was used to determine serum IFN-γ,TNF-α,IL-12,IL-4 and IL-10,immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the expressions of IFN-γ and IL-4 in colon tissues,flow cytometry was used to determine the proportion of Th1/Th2 in spleen.Results:Compared with CD group,CMDI in CD+GLP-2 group and CD+SASP group were significantly decreased(P all<0.001),intes-tinal mucosal damage was improved,the positive rate of TUNEL in colon tissue was significantly decreased(P all<0.001),the con-tents of IFN-γ,TNF-α and IL-12 in serum were significantly decreased(P all<0.001),the contents of IL-4 and IL-10 in serum were significantly increased(P all<0.001),the expression of IFN-γ in colon tissue was significantly decreased and the expression of IL-4 was significantly increased(P all<0.001),the proportion of Th1 cells was significantly decreased while the proportion of Th2 cells was significantly increased(P all<0.001),Th1/Th2 also decreased significantly(P all<0.001).Conclusion:GLP-2 can effectively im-prove the intestinal mucosal injury of CD rats induced by TNBS,and the mechanism may be related to regulating the immune balance of Th1/Th2 cells,inhibiting inflammatory response and reducing cell apoptosis.

Objective To investigate the knowledge,attitude,and behavior(Knowledge-Attitude/belief-Practice,KAP)of residents in Hezhou City regarding the safety risks of using traditional Chinese medicine(TCM).Methods A stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select residents from different areas of Hezhou City.A questionnaire based on the KAP model was designed for the survey.Descriptive analysis,univariate analysis,and multiple linear regression analysis were conducted to explore the factors influencing the KAP of TCM safety behavior.Results Among the 2 000 questionnaires distribu-ted,all were conducted online.Of these,98 were incomplete,resulting in a total of 1 902 valid responses,with a valid response rate of 95.10％.In the survey of 2 000 residents of Hezhou City,the average knowledge score was(54.34±2.50),the average behavior score was(64.32±2.44),and the average attitude score was(62.44±3.07).The differences in knowledge scores among residents with different places of residence,educational levels,medical insurance status,monthly incomes,and other de-mographic characteristics were statistically significant(P＜0.05).The differences in behavior scores among residents with differ-ent medical insurance status and occupations were statistically significant(P＜0.05).The differences in attitude scores among residents with different monthly incomes and medical insurance status were also statistically significant(P＜0.05).Results of multiple linear regression analysis indicated that place of residence,medical insurance(self-paid),educational level(junior high school and below),and monthly income(below 2 000 yuan,2 001-4 000 yuan)were influencing factors for the knowledge score on safe use of proprietary Chinese medicines(P＜0.05).Medical insurance(self-paid)and occupation(enterprise work-er,freelancer,student)were influencing factors for the behavioral risk score regarding safe use of proprietary Chinese medicines(P＜0.05).Medical insurance(self-paid)and monthly income(below 2 000 yuan)were influencing factors for the attitudinal risk score regarding safe use of proprietary Chinese medicines(P＜0.05).Conclusion The overall KAP level regarding the safety of using traditional Chinese medicine among residents in Hezhou City is relatively low,and medication safety is closely re-lated to place of residence,medical insurance,monthly income,occupation,etc.

Objective To develop an evaluation system for quality palliative care and provide an evaluation tool for quality palliative care service.Methods A preliminary evaluation system was drafted by using literature review and group discussion,aligning with the U.S.National Consensus Project for Quality Palliative Care(NCP).The system was revised and refined by two rounds of Delphi consultation with 15 palliative care experts(including specialists in clinical practice,nursing management,nursing research and education)from Tier-IIIA hospitals in Guangdong Province.Indicator weights were determined via consensus.Results Both rounds of expert consultation achieved 100.00%response rates.Expert authority coefficient(Cr)was 0.855.The importance scores of the level-1,level-2 and level-3 indicators of the second round of expert consultation were 4.90-5.00,4.80-5.00 and 4.37-5.00,respectively.Coefficients of variation were 0-0.06,0-0.1 and 0-0.19,respectively.The full score ratio ranged between 0.93 and 1.00,0.8 and 1.00,and 0.67 and 1.00.Kendall's W coefficients were 0.214,0.287 and 0.245,respectively(all P<0.01).The nine level-1 indicators were identified as care structure and process,physiological care,psychological care,social care,mental care,cultural care,end-of-life care,ethical care and quality improvement,with the weight coefficients of 0.123,0.153,0.110,0.106,0.098,0.082,0.119,0.092 and 0.117,respectively.The final evaluation system for quality palliative care included 9 indicators in level-1,22 in level-2 and 69 in level-3.Conclusion The evaluation system for quality palliative care developed on the basis of NCP is scientifically innovative and valid in content.Further studies are required to evaluate its validity..