Objective To investigate the protective effect and mechanism of J147 on the injury of human neuroblastoma cells(SH-SY5Y)induced by high glucose(HG).Methods We established HG-induced SH-SY5Y cell injury model.Then SH-SY5Y cells were divided into blank control(Con)group HG group,HG+J147 0.5 μmol/L(HG+J147 0.5)group,HG+J147 1 μmol/L(HG+J147 1)group,HG+J147 2 μmol/L(HG+J147 2)group,HG+PI3K/AKT inhibitor LY294002(LY)10 μmol/L(HG+LY)group,HG+ERK1/2 inhibitor U0126(U0)5 μmol/L(HG+U0)group,HG+J147 2 μmol/L+LY 10 μmol/L(HG+J147 2+LY)group,HG+J147 2 μmol/L+U0 5 μmol/L(HG+J147 2+U0)group.Cell viability was detected by MTS cell proliferation and toxicity detection kit;LDH activity was tested by lactate dehydrogenase kit;morphological changes of SH-SY5Y cells were evaluated by microscope;cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry;and apoptosis-related proteins(Bcl-2,Bax)and signaling pathway-related proteins(p-AKT,AKT,p-ERK1/2,ERK1/2,p-CREB,CREB,BDNF)were detected by Western blot.Results Compared with Con group,the cell viability,Bcl-2/Bax ratio,p-AKT/AKT,p-ERK/ERK,p-CREB/CREB and BDNF protein expressions decreased(P<0.01),while LDH activity and apoptosis rate increased in HG group(P<0.01).Compared with HG group,the cell viability,Bcl-2/Bax ratio,p-AKT/AKT,p-ERK/ERK,p-CREB/CREB and BDNF protein expressions increased(P<0.01),while LDH activity and apoptosis rate decreased in HG+J147 2 group(P<0.01).Compared with HG+J147 2 group,the cell viability,Bcl-2/Bax ratio,p-AKT/AKT and BDNF protein expression decreased(P<0.05 or P<0.01),while LDH activity and apoptosis rate increased(P<0.05 or P<0.01),the expression of p-ERK/ERK protein in HG+J147 2+LY group decreased(P<0.05),and the expression of p-CREB/CREB protein in HG+J147 2+U0 group decreased in HG+J147 2+LY and HG+J147 2+U0 groups(P<0.05).Conclusions J147 can alleviate HG-induced SH-SY5Y cell damage,and the mechanism may be related to the activation of PI3K/AKT and ERK1/2 signaling and the reduction of apoptosis.

Objective:To investigate the application value of Clavien-Dindo classification (CDC) and comprehensive complication index (CCI) in evaluating early postoperative complications for radical gastric cancer surgery.Methods:The retrospective cohort study was conducted. The clinicopathological data of 1 484 patients who underwent radical gastric cancer surgery in Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University from January 2016 to December 2018 were collected. There were 1 086 males and 398 females, aged (60±17)years. The early complica-tions of patients were classified by the CDC and the CCI was calculated. Measurement data with normal distribution were represented as Mean± SD. Count data are expressed as absolute numbers. Univariate analysis was performed using the chi-square test. Multivariate analysis was conducted using Logistic regression analysis. Correlation analysis between CDC, CCI and duration of postopera-tive hospital stay, total hospital expenses was performed using the Spearman rank correlation. Multiple linear regression analysis was conducted to compare the correlation analysis between CDC, CCI and duration of postoperative hospital stay, total hospital expenses. Results:(1) Distribution of early postoperative complications by CDC and CCI. Among the 1 484 patients, 432 patients developed early postoperative complications, of which 322 cases had a single complication, and 110 cases had multiple complications. Among the 432 patients with complications, the numbers of patients with grades Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲa, Ⅲb, Ⅳ, and Ⅴ of CDC were 231, 137, 45, 13, 3, and 3 cases, respectively. The CCI in the 432 patients with complications was 17.2±11.7, with peak values of 8.7 and 20.9. (2) Analysis of factors influencing early postoperative complications in patients undergoing radical gastric cancer surgery. Results of multivariate analysis showed that female, age ≥70 years, and preoperative serum albumin <35 g/L were independent risk factors for early postoperative complications in patients undergoing radical gastric cancer surgery ( odds ratios=1.391, 1.535, 1.521, 95% confidence intervals as 1.083-1.786, 1.187-1.985, 1.055-2.192, P<0.05). (3) Correlation analysis between CDC, CCI and duration of postoperative hospital stay, total hospital expenses. Among the 432 patients with post-operative complications, both CDC and CCI were positively correlated with duration of postoperative hospital stay ( r=0.574, 0.576, P<0.05), and both were positively correlated with total hospital expenses ( r=0.413, 0.438, P<0.05). Among the 110 patients with multiple postoperative complications, both CDC and CCI were positively correlated with duration of postoperative hospital stay ( r=0.514, 0.537, P<0.05), and both were positively correlated with total hospital expenses ( r=0.427, 0.474, P<0.05). (4) Regression analysis between CDC, CCI, and duration of postoperative hospital stay, total hospital expenses. Multiple linear regression analysis of duration of postoperative hospital stay showed that CDC ≥grade 3, age ≥70 years, preoperative C-reactive protein ≥10 g/L, and American Society of Anesthesiology (ASA) classification ≥grade 3 were associated with prolonged duration of postopera-tive hospital stay. The higher CCI indicated longer duration of postoperative hospital stay. The standard b value of CCI was higher than that of CDC ≥grade 3 (0.467 versus 0.212). The regression analysis of total hospital expenses showed that CDC ≥grade 3, age ≥70 years, preoperative serum albumin <35 g/L, ASA classification ≥grade 3, and pathological stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ increased total hospital expenses, while gender of female reduced the expenses. The higher CCI indicated higher hospital expenses. The standard b value of CCI was higher than that of CDC ≥grade 3 (0.449 versus 0.061). Conclusions:Both the CDC and CCI can effectively reflect the severity of postoperative complica-tions following radical gastric cancer surgery. Compared to the CDC, the CCI can better predict post-operative hospital stay and total hospital expenses.

Objective:To investigate the application value of Clavien-Dindo classification (CDC) and comprehensive complication index (CCI) in evaluating early postoperative complications for radical gastric cancer surgery.Methods:The retrospective cohort study was conducted. The clinicopathological data of 1 484 patients who underwent radical gastric cancer surgery in Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University from January 2016 to December 2018 were collected. There were 1 086 males and 398 females, aged (60±17)years. The early complica-tions of patients were classified by the CDC and the CCI was calculated. Measurement data with normal distribution were represented as Mean± SD. Count data are expressed as absolute numbers. Univariate analysis was performed using the chi-square test. Multivariate analysis was conducted using Logistic regression analysis. Correlation analysis between CDC, CCI and duration of postopera-tive hospital stay, total hospital expenses was performed using the Spearman rank correlation. Multiple linear regression analysis was conducted to compare the correlation analysis between CDC, CCI and duration of postoperative hospital stay, total hospital expenses. Results:(1) Distribution of early postoperative complications by CDC and CCI. Among the 1 484 patients, 432 patients developed early postoperative complications, of which 322 cases had a single complication, and 110 cases had multiple complications. Among the 432 patients with complications, the numbers of patients with grades Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲa, Ⅲb, Ⅳ, and Ⅴ of CDC were 231, 137, 45, 13, 3, and 3 cases, respectively. The CCI in the 432 patients with complications was 17.2±11.7, with peak values of 8.7 and 20.9. (2) Analysis of factors influencing early postoperative complications in patients undergoing radical gastric cancer surgery. Results of multivariate analysis showed that female, age ≥70 years, and preoperative serum albumin <35 g/L were independent risk factors for early postoperative complications in patients undergoing radical gastric cancer surgery ( odds ratios=1.391, 1.535, 1.521, 95% confidence intervals as 1.083-1.786, 1.187-1.985, 1.055-2.192, P<0.05). (3) Correlation analysis between CDC, CCI and duration of postoperative hospital stay, total hospital expenses. Among the 432 patients with post-operative complications, both CDC and CCI were positively correlated with duration of postoperative hospital stay ( r=0.574, 0.576, P<0.05), and both were positively correlated with total hospital expenses ( r=0.413, 0.438, P<0.05). Among the 110 patients with multiple postoperative complications, both CDC and CCI were positively correlated with duration of postoperative hospital stay ( r=0.514, 0.537, P<0.05), and both were positively correlated with total hospital expenses ( r=0.427, 0.474, P<0.05). (4) Regression analysis between CDC, CCI, and duration of postoperative hospital stay, total hospital expenses. Multiple linear regression analysis of duration of postoperative hospital stay showed that CDC ≥grade 3, age ≥70 years, preoperative C-reactive protein ≥10 g/L, and American Society of Anesthesiology (ASA) classification ≥grade 3 were associated with prolonged duration of postopera-tive hospital stay. The higher CCI indicated longer duration of postoperative hospital stay. The standard b value of CCI was higher than that of CDC ≥grade 3 (0.467 versus 0.212). The regression analysis of total hospital expenses showed that CDC ≥grade 3, age ≥70 years, preoperative serum albumin <35 g/L, ASA classification ≥grade 3, and pathological stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ increased total hospital expenses, while gender of female reduced the expenses. The higher CCI indicated higher hospital expenses. The standard b value of CCI was higher than that of CDC ≥grade 3 (0.449 versus 0.061). Conclusions:Both the CDC and CCI can effectively reflect the severity of postoperative complica-tions following radical gastric cancer surgery. Compared to the CDC, the CCI can better predict post-operative hospital stay and total hospital expenses.

Spermatogenesis is a continual process that occurs in the testes, in which diploid spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) differentiate and generate haploid spermatozoa. This highly efficient and intricate process is orchestrated at multiple levels. N⁶-methyladenosine (m⁶A), an epigenetic modification prevalent in mRNAs, is implicated in the transcriptional regulation during spermatogenesis. However, the dynamics of m⁶A modification in non-rodent mammalian species remains unclear. Here, we systematically investigated the profile and role of m⁶A during spermatogenesis in pigs. By analyzing the transcriptomic distribution of m⁶A in spermatogonia, spermatocytes, and round spermatids, we identified a globally conserved m⁶A pattern between porcine and murine genes with spermatogenic function. We found that m⁶A was enriched in a group of genes that specifically encode the metabolic enzymes and regulators. In addition, transcriptomes in porcine male germ cells could be subjected to the m⁶A modification. Our data show that m⁶A plays the regulatory roles during spermatogenesis in pigs, which is similar to that in mice. Illustrations of this point are three genes (SETDB1, FOXO1, and FOXO3) that are crucial to the determination of the fate of SSCs. To the best of our knowledge, this study for the first time uncovers the expression profile and role of m⁶A during spermatogenesis in large animals and provides insights into the intricate transcriptional regulation underlying the lifelong male fertility in non-rodent mammalian species.
Animals ; Male ; Mice ; Cell Differentiation/genetics* ; Mammals/metabolism* ; Methylation ; RNA, Messenger/metabolism* ; Spermatogenesis/genetics* ; Spermatozoa/metabolism* ; Swine/genetics* ; Testis/metabolism* ; Transcriptome ; RNA Methylation/genetics*

Objective:To study the effect of Long non-coding RNA(LncRNA)small nucleolar RNA host gene 12(SNHG12)regulating miR-138-5p/hypoxia inducible factor-1(HIF-1α)axis on improving the damage of hypoxia/reoxygenation(H/R)human vas-cular endothelial cells.Methods:Human umbilical vein endothelial cells(HUVECs)were cultured in vitro and randomly divided into control group,H/R model group,H/R+LncRNA SNHG12 overexpression group,H/R+miR-138-5p mimics group,H/R+co-transfec-tion group and H/R+co-transfection negative control group,each transfection group was transfected separately,and except for control group,the remaining groups were given hypoxia for 5 hours and then reoxygenated for 1 hour to induce the cell models,and then the cell viability of each group was detected by CCK-8 experiment;the cell apoptosis in each group was detected by flow cytometry experi-ment,and the apoptosis rate of each group was compared;the levels of reactive oxygen species(ROS),lactate dehydrogenase(LDH)and inflammatory factors IL-6,IL-17 and IL-18 in each group were measured by the kit;the expressions of miR-138-5p and HIF-1α mRNA in cells of each group were measured by real-time quantitative PCR(qRT-PCR)experiment;the expressions of apoptotic pro-teins caspase-9,Bcl-2-associated X protein(Bax)and HIF-1α in each group were evaluated by Western blot.Results:Compared with control group,the apoptosis rate,cellular ROS,LDH,IL-6,IL-17 and IL-18 levels,cellular HIF-1α mRNA and protein levels,cellular caspase-9,Bax and HIF-1α protein levels were increased in H/R model group(P<0.05),the cell viability and miR-138-5p level were decreased(P<0.05).Compared with H/R model group and H/R+co-transfection group,the cell viability,cell HIF-1αmRNA and protein levels were increased in H/R+LncRNA SNHG12 overexpression group(P<0.05),the apoptosis rate,cellular ROS,LDH,IL-6,IL-17 and IL-18 levels,cellular caspase-9 and Bax protein levels,and miR-138-5p level were decreased(P<0.05);the cell viability,cellular HIF-1α mRNA and protein levels were decreased in H/R+miR-138-5p mimics group(P<0.05),the apoptosis rate,cellular ROS,LDH,IL-6,IL-17 and IL-18 levels,cellular caspase-9 and Bax protein levels were increased(P<0.05).Com-pared with H/R model group,there was no significant difference in cell index levels between the H/R+co-transfection negative control group and the H/R+co-transfection group(P>0.05).Conclusion:LncRNA SNHG12 can upregulate HIF-1α expression by downregulat-ing miR-138-5p expression,inhibit H/R-induced inflammation and oxidative stress in HUVECs,and reduce cell damage and apoptosis.

ObjectiveTo analyze the effects of different feeding patterns on the physical and nutritional status of children aged 6‒12 months， so as to provide reference for promoting scientific feeding and health development of infants and young children. MethodsChildren born between December 2019 and February 2020 and who had completed three follow-up visits at 6‒， 9‒ （8‒10 months） and 12‒ （11‒14 months） months old in all of the 13 communities of Minhang， Shanghai were selected. The subjects’ basic information was investigated by questionnaires. The indicators including feeding pattern， physical development （body weight， body length， head circumference） and nutritional status （the detection rate of overweight， obesity， low body weight， growth retardation， emaciation and iron deficiency anemia） were followed up in the outpatient department， with iron deficiency anemia only monitored at the 6‒ and 12‒ months old. According to different feeding patterns， the groups of 6‒ months old were divided into three groups of exclusive breast feeding （EBF）， mixed feeding （MF） and artificial feeding （AF）， while 9‒ and 12‒ months old were divided into MF and AF groups. The differences of basic information and follow-up results among the groups were analyzed. ResultsA total of 470 children were included， including 130 （27.66%）， 288 （61.28%） and 52 （11.06%） respectively in EBF， MF and AF groups at the 6‒ months old，and 319 （67.87%） and 196 （41.70%） in MF group at the 9‒ and 12‒ months old. There was no significant difference in the other follow-up results among the groups. The detection rate of iron deficiency anemia in 6‒ months old EBF （13.08%） was higher than that in MF group （5.90%） and AF group （1.92%） （χ²=8.40， P=0.010）， while it was still higher in 12‒ months old MF group （9.69%） than in AF group （2.92%） （χ²=9.68， P=0.002）. ConclusionThere is no significant difference in body weight，body length， head circumference， and the detection rates of overweight， obesity， low body weight， growth retardation and emaciation among the groups of different feeding patterns in the children aged 6‒12 months. The detection rate of iron deficiency anemia in the EBF and MF groups is significantly higher than that in the AF groups of children aged 6‒ and 12‒ months old.

Objective To investigate the clinicopathological features of early gastric cancer ( EGC) with micropapillary pattern. Methods In 447 consecutive EGC patients at Changzhou No. 2 People′s Hospital admitted from January 2006 to December 2016, 8 ( 1. 8％) with micropapillary adenocarcinoma (≥5％) were enrolled in the observation group and the remaining 439 were included in the control group. Clinicopathologic features including age, gender, gross pattern, tumor location, size, invasion depth, lymphovascular invasion, lymphatic metastasis and pathological stage were analyzed and compared between the two groups. Results There were no significant differences between the two groups in age, gender, gross pattern, tumor location or size (all P>0. 05). The observation group showed significantly more frequent submucosal invasion ( 100. 0％, 8/8 ) , lymphovascular invasion ( 62. 5％, 5/8 ) , lymphatic metastasis (62. 5％, 5/8), and higher pathological stage (Ⅱ+Ⅲ 25. 0％, 2/8) compared with those in the control group, which were 52. 4％ ( 230/439 ) , 9. 1％ ( 40/439 ) , 13. 9％ ( 61/439 ) , and 5. 9％ ( 26/439 ) , respectively ( all P<0. 05 ) . Conclusion EGC with micropapillary pattern is rare with a high liability to lymphovascular invasion, lymphatic metastasis, and higher pathological stage, compared to EGC without micropapillary pattern.

Objective To investigate and summarize the clinical and high-resolution computed tomography(HRCT) characteristics of invasive pulmonary fungal infections(IPFIs)in children.Methods Clinical and HRCT data of 35 cases with IPFIs admitted in our hospital between March 2007 and July 2015 were retrospectively analyzed.The clinical and HRCT characteristics were summarized.Results Thirty-five patients consisted of 23 boys and 12 girls with mean age of(3.2±1.9) years.Host factors included acute leukemia (n=12),primary immunodeficiency disease (n=4),congenital heart disease (n=2),cerebral palsy (n=2),severe influenza A infection (H1N1) (n=2),ichthyosis (n=1),acquired immunodeficiency syndrome(n=1),systemic lupus erythematous (n=1),tubercular meningitis(n=1),mechanical ventilation(n=2).All patients were treated with broad-spectrum antibiotic,ranking by descending order:third-generation cephalosporins (28 cases),carbapenems(19 cases)and vancomycin (18 cases).Seventeen cases were treated with corticosteroids systemically and 12 cases with acute leukemia took antineoplastic medicine.The symptoms of IPFIs were intermittent or persistent fever,cough and rales.HRCT results:nodules (n=25,71.4％),subpleural patchy opacities (n=24,68.6％),mass (＞3cm) (n=4,11.4％),halo sign (n=27,77.1％),cavities (n=8,22.9％),air crescent sign (n=4,11.4％),miliary nodules (n=2,5.7％),pleural effusion (n=14,40％).Conclusion There are certain specific characteristics of IPFIs in children in clinical and HRCT aspects.The possible diagnosis of IPFIs can be made based on clinical and HRCT features.

Objective To explore the MRI features of Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) in central nervous system (CNS) in children. Methods Clinical and MRI data of 25 cases with LCH in CNS from three children's hospitals between January 2009 and December 2014 were retrospectively studied. All cases were confirmed by surgery or biopsy. All cases underwent non?contrast and contrast pituitary and/or cranial MRI examinations. The location, morphology, MRI signal and enhanced patterns of LCH lesions were observed and analyzed. Result A total of 17 cases had hypothalamic-pituitary LCH, with 2 of them complicated with pineal cyst, 2 complicated with brain parenchymal lesions, and one complicated with both pineal cyst and brain parenchymal lesions. MR images showed that neurohypophysis lost its original hyper?intensity on T1WI, and nodular or homogeneous thickening was seen in the pituitary stalks. Dura matter was involved in 3 cases, 2 of them had single lesion, and the other one got multiple lesions. Neoplasm in choroid plexus was seen in trigone of left lateral ventricles in one case. Three cases with pineal gland involved demonstrated cystic change. Four cases had gray matter involved, with cerebellar dentate nuclei involvement in 2 cases, and both thalamus and basal ganglia involvement in the other two cases. Three cases showed white matter involvement without obvious Virchow-Robin space enlargement and brain atrophy. Conclusions MR imaging of LCH in CNS shows certain specific characteristics. The diagnosis can be made comprehensively based on both clinic features and other imaging findings.

OBJECTIVETo analyze the clinical characteristics of negative pressure pulmonary edema (NPPE).

METHODA retrospective investigation of the clinical manifestation, imageology, clinical course and outcome of 4 children with NPPE seen between June 2012 and July 2013 in a children's hospital. The causation of the airway obstruction was also explored.

RESULTAll the 4 cases were boys, the range of age was 40 days to 9 years. They had no history of respiratory and circulatory system disease. In 3 cases the disease had a sudden onset after the obstruction of airway, and in one the onset occurred 1.5 hours after removing the airway foreign body. All these cases presented with tachypnea, dyspnea, and cyanosis, none had fever. Three cases had coarse rales. Chest radiography was performed in 3 cases and CT scan was performed in 1 case, in all of them both lungs displayed diffuse ground-glass-like change and patchy consolidative infiltrates. Three cases were admitted to the ICU, duration of mechanical ventilation was less than 24 hours in 2 cases and 39 hours in one. Oxygen was given by mask to the remaining one in emergency department, whose symptoms were obviously improved in 10 hours. None was treated with diuretics, glucocorticoids or inotropic agents. Chest radiographs were taken within 24 hours of treatment in 2 cases and 24-48 hours in the other 2; almost all the pulmonary infiltrates were resolved. All the 4 cases were cured. The causes of airway obstruction were airway foreign bodies in two cases, laryngospasm in one and laryngomalacia in the other.

CONCLUSIONNPPE is a life-threatening emergency, which is manifested by rapid onset of respiratory distress rapidly (usually in several minutes, but might be hours later) after relief of the airway obstruction, with findings of pulmonary edema in chest radiograph. The symptoms resolve rapidly by oxygen therapy timely with or without mechanical ventilation. In children with airway obstruction, NPPE should be considered.

Acute Disease ; Airway Obstruction ; complications ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Foreign Bodies ; complications ; Humans ; Infant ; Intensive Care Units ; Intubation, Intratracheal ; methods ; Laryngismus ; complications ; Larynx ; Lung ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Male ; Oxygen Inhalation Therapy ; Positive-Pressure Respiration ; methods ; Pulmonary Edema ; diagnosis ; etiology ; therapy ; Radiography, Thoracic ; Retrospective Studies ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed