Objective:To evaluate the predictive role of ultrasound, genetic testing, and clinical features in the malignancy risk of Bethesda Ⅲ thyroid nodules, and to explore strategies for optimizing treatment decisions.Methods:This retrospective study included 227 Bethesda Ⅲ thyroid nodules from patients who underwent surgical treatment at the Thyroid Surgery Department of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital between Jan. 2020 and Dec. 2023. All patients underwent ultrasound evaluation and fine-needle aspiration. For nodules diagnosed as ultrasound, genetic testing, and clinical features were analyzed using univariate and multivariate regression to assess their association with malignancy.Results:Among the 227 nodules, 214 were malignant, resulting in a malignancy rate of 94.2%. The malignancy rate of thyroid nodules was 94.2%. In univariate analysis, age ( P=0.016), BRAF V600E gene mutation ( P<0.001), nodule size ( P=0.002), and TIRADS ( P<0.001) were significantly associated with malignancy in Bethesda Ⅲ thyroid nodules. Multivariate analysis confirmed that age ( OR=0.939, P=0.049) and BRAF V600E gene mutation ( OR=24.641, P<0.001) were significantly associated with thyroid nodule nature and served as independent predictive factors for malignancy. Conclusions:Genetic testing is an important method for predicting the malignancy of Bethesda Ⅲ thyroid nodules, and ultrasound also has high clinical value in assessing the malignancy risk of nodules. While some clinical features are highly correlated with nodule characteristics, they may not be practical in clinical application. For nodules classified as TIRADS 3 through ultrasound evaluation and negative for BRAF mutations, continued observation may be considered, whereas TIRADS 5 nodules or nodules with BRAF mutations should be prioritized for surgical treatment.

Objective:To evaluate the predictive role of ultrasound, genetic testing, and clinical features in the malignancy risk of Bethesda Ⅲ thyroid nodules, and to explore strategies for optimizing treatment decisions.Methods:This retrospective study included 227 Bethesda Ⅲ thyroid nodules from patients who underwent surgical treatment at the Thyroid Surgery Department of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital between Jan. 2020 and Dec. 2023. All patients underwent ultrasound evaluation and fine-needle aspiration. For nodules diagnosed as ultrasound, genetic testing, and clinical features were analyzed using univariate and multivariate regression to assess their association with malignancy.Results:Among the 227 nodules, 214 were malignant, resulting in a malignancy rate of 94.2%. The malignancy rate of thyroid nodules was 94.2%. In univariate analysis, age ( P=0.016), BRAF V600E gene mutation ( P<0.001), nodule size ( P=0.002), and TIRADS ( P<0.001) were significantly associated with malignancy in Bethesda Ⅲ thyroid nodules. Multivariate analysis confirmed that age ( OR=0.939, P=0.049) and BRAF V600E gene mutation ( OR=24.641, P<0.001) were significantly associated with thyroid nodule nature and served as independent predictive factors for malignancy. Conclusions:Genetic testing is an important method for predicting the malignancy of Bethesda Ⅲ thyroid nodules, and ultrasound also has high clinical value in assessing the malignancy risk of nodules. While some clinical features are highly correlated with nodule characteristics, they may not be practical in clinical application. For nodules classified as TIRADS 3 through ultrasound evaluation and negative for BRAF mutations, continued observation may be considered, whereas TIRADS 5 nodules or nodules with BRAF mutations should be prioritized for surgical treatment.

Objective:To collect and analyze the quality control data of gastric cancer surgery in Jiangsu Province from 2020 to 2022,and study the role of publishing surgical quality control data in promoting the improvement of gastric cancer surgery of China. Methods:An online questionnaire was created and distributed to the members of Jiangsu Gastric Cancer Union(JSGCU).The questionnaire collected information including the basic situation of hospital,the diagnosis and treatment of early gastric cancer,advanced gastric cancer and metastatic gastric cancer,the digestive tract reconstruction,the surgical safety,the economic indicators,and so on. Results:The quality control data of gastric cancer surgery in Jiangsu Province from 2020 to 2022 were consistently collected and published.The data analysis results show that there was a gradual increase in the percent of patients with stage Ⅰ gastric cancer,reflecting the success efforts of early screening and diagnosis.Laparoscopic surgery showed a steady increase and became the mainstream approach for curative surgery of gastric cancer in Jiangsu Province.The percent of hospital with lymph node dissection≥30 was also increased.Different locations of gastric cancer exhibited specific patterns in the choice of anastomosis methods after curative surgery.The rate of grade 3 or higher complications in laparoscopic gastric cancer surgery was slightly lower than that in open surgery.For patients experiencing complications,their postoperative hospitalization duration and expenditure were significantly higher.Finally,there was a gradual increase in the proportion of hospital choosing to close the mesentery during gastric cancer surgery. Conclusion:The publication of the quality control data of gastric cancer surgery in Jiangsu Province has driven the improvement of gastric cancer surgery standards of China.

Objective:To investigate the application value of Clavien-Dindo classification (CDC) and comprehensive complication index (CCI) in evaluating early postoperative complications for radical gastric cancer surgery.Methods:The retrospective cohort study was conducted. The clinicopathological data of 1 484 patients who underwent radical gastric cancer surgery in Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University from January 2016 to December 2018 were collected. There were 1 086 males and 398 females, aged (60±17)years. The early complica-tions of patients were classified by the CDC and the CCI was calculated. Measurement data with normal distribution were represented as Mean± SD. Count data are expressed as absolute numbers. Univariate analysis was performed using the chi-square test. Multivariate analysis was conducted using Logistic regression analysis. Correlation analysis between CDC, CCI and duration of postopera-tive hospital stay, total hospital expenses was performed using the Spearman rank correlation. Multiple linear regression analysis was conducted to compare the correlation analysis between CDC, CCI and duration of postoperative hospital stay, total hospital expenses. Results:(1) Distribution of early postoperative complications by CDC and CCI. Among the 1 484 patients, 432 patients developed early postoperative complications, of which 322 cases had a single complication, and 110 cases had multiple complications. Among the 432 patients with complications, the numbers of patients with grades Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲa, Ⅲb, Ⅳ, and Ⅴ of CDC were 231, 137, 45, 13, 3, and 3 cases, respectively. The CCI in the 432 patients with complications was 17.2±11.7, with peak values of 8.7 and 20.9. (2) Analysis of factors influencing early postoperative complications in patients undergoing radical gastric cancer surgery. Results of multivariate analysis showed that female, age ≥70 years, and preoperative serum albumin <35 g/L were independent risk factors for early postoperative complications in patients undergoing radical gastric cancer surgery ( odds ratios=1.391, 1.535, 1.521, 95% confidence intervals as 1.083-1.786, 1.187-1.985, 1.055-2.192, P<0.05). (3) Correlation analysis between CDC, CCI and duration of postoperative hospital stay, total hospital expenses. Among the 432 patients with post-operative complications, both CDC and CCI were positively correlated with duration of postoperative hospital stay ( r=0.574, 0.576, P<0.05), and both were positively correlated with total hospital expenses ( r=0.413, 0.438, P<0.05). Among the 110 patients with multiple postoperative complications, both CDC and CCI were positively correlated with duration of postoperative hospital stay ( r=0.514, 0.537, P<0.05), and both were positively correlated with total hospital expenses ( r=0.427, 0.474, P<0.05). (4) Regression analysis between CDC, CCI, and duration of postoperative hospital stay, total hospital expenses. Multiple linear regression analysis of duration of postoperative hospital stay showed that CDC ≥grade 3, age ≥70 years, preoperative C-reactive protein ≥10 g/L, and American Society of Anesthesiology (ASA) classification ≥grade 3 were associated with prolonged duration of postopera-tive hospital stay. The higher CCI indicated longer duration of postoperative hospital stay. The standard b value of CCI was higher than that of CDC ≥grade 3 (0.467 versus 0.212). The regression analysis of total hospital expenses showed that CDC ≥grade 3, age ≥70 years, preoperative serum albumin <35 g/L, ASA classification ≥grade 3, and pathological stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ increased total hospital expenses, while gender of female reduced the expenses. The higher CCI indicated higher hospital expenses. The standard b value of CCI was higher than that of CDC ≥grade 3 (0.449 versus 0.061). Conclusions:Both the CDC and CCI can effectively reflect the severity of postoperative complica-tions following radical gastric cancer surgery. Compared to the CDC, the CCI can better predict post-operative hospital stay and total hospital expenses.

Objective:To investigate the application value of Clavien-Dindo classification (CDC) and comprehensive complication index (CCI) in evaluating early postoperative complications for radical gastric cancer surgery.Methods:The retrospective cohort study was conducted. The clinicopathological data of 1 484 patients who underwent radical gastric cancer surgery in Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University from January 2016 to December 2018 were collected. There were 1 086 males and 398 females, aged (60±17)years. The early complica-tions of patients were classified by the CDC and the CCI was calculated. Measurement data with normal distribution were represented as Mean± SD. Count data are expressed as absolute numbers. Univariate analysis was performed using the chi-square test. Multivariate analysis was conducted using Logistic regression analysis. Correlation analysis between CDC, CCI and duration of postopera-tive hospital stay, total hospital expenses was performed using the Spearman rank correlation. Multiple linear regression analysis was conducted to compare the correlation analysis between CDC, CCI and duration of postoperative hospital stay, total hospital expenses. Results:(1) Distribution of early postoperative complications by CDC and CCI. Among the 1 484 patients, 432 patients developed early postoperative complications, of which 322 cases had a single complication, and 110 cases had multiple complications. Among the 432 patients with complications, the numbers of patients with grades Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲa, Ⅲb, Ⅳ, and Ⅴ of CDC were 231, 137, 45, 13, 3, and 3 cases, respectively. The CCI in the 432 patients with complications was 17.2±11.7, with peak values of 8.7 and 20.9. (2) Analysis of factors influencing early postoperative complications in patients undergoing radical gastric cancer surgery. Results of multivariate analysis showed that female, age ≥70 years, and preoperative serum albumin <35 g/L were independent risk factors for early postoperative complications in patients undergoing radical gastric cancer surgery ( odds ratios=1.391, 1.535, 1.521, 95% confidence intervals as 1.083-1.786, 1.187-1.985, 1.055-2.192, P<0.05). (3) Correlation analysis between CDC, CCI and duration of postoperative hospital stay, total hospital expenses. Among the 432 patients with post-operative complications, both CDC and CCI were positively correlated with duration of postoperative hospital stay ( r=0.574, 0.576, P<0.05), and both were positively correlated with total hospital expenses ( r=0.413, 0.438, P<0.05). Among the 110 patients with multiple postoperative complications, both CDC and CCI were positively correlated with duration of postoperative hospital stay ( r=0.514, 0.537, P<0.05), and both were positively correlated with total hospital expenses ( r=0.427, 0.474, P<0.05). (4) Regression analysis between CDC, CCI, and duration of postoperative hospital stay, total hospital expenses. Multiple linear regression analysis of duration of postoperative hospital stay showed that CDC ≥grade 3, age ≥70 years, preoperative C-reactive protein ≥10 g/L, and American Society of Anesthesiology (ASA) classification ≥grade 3 were associated with prolonged duration of postopera-tive hospital stay. The higher CCI indicated longer duration of postoperative hospital stay. The standard b value of CCI was higher than that of CDC ≥grade 3 (0.467 versus 0.212). The regression analysis of total hospital expenses showed that CDC ≥grade 3, age ≥70 years, preoperative serum albumin <35 g/L, ASA classification ≥grade 3, and pathological stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ increased total hospital expenses, while gender of female reduced the expenses. The higher CCI indicated higher hospital expenses. The standard b value of CCI was higher than that of CDC ≥grade 3 (0.449 versus 0.061). Conclusions:Both the CDC and CCI can effectively reflect the severity of postoperative complica-tions following radical gastric cancer surgery. Compared to the CDC, the CCI can better predict post-operative hospital stay and total hospital expenses.

Objective:To analyze the influencing factors of the medical insurance balance of hospitalization expenses for gastric cancer surgery patients under DRG payment, for reference for promoting the reform of DRG payment in public hospitals and controlling hospitalization expenses reasonably.Methods:The gastric cancer patients enrolled in the gastroenterology department of a tertiary comprehensive hospital from January to July 2022 were selected as the research subjects. The indicators such as patient age, medical insurance balance, hospitalization expenses and their composition were extracted from the hospital information management system and the medical insurance settlement system a certain city. Descriptive analysis was conducted for all data, and stepwise multiple linear regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of patients′ medical insurance balance. Monte Carlo simulation method was used to simulate different combination scenarios of various influencing factors to analyze the probability of medical insurance balance.Results:A total of 205 patients were contained, including 117 in the medical insurance balance group and 88 in the loss group. The difference in hospitalization expenses and medical insurance balance between the two groups of patients were statistically significant ( P<0.05). The intervention of medical insurance specialists, correct DRG enrollment, parenteral nutrition preparation costs, anti infective drug costs, examination costs, and consumables costs were the influencing factors of patient medical insurance balance ( P<0.05). Through Monte Carlo simulation verification, patients with different cost parenteral nutrition preparations, or different anti infective drug schemes had the higher probability of medical insurance balance in the scenario where the medical insurance commissioner intervenes and the DRG enrollment was correct. Conclusions:The hospital adopted interventions from medical insurance specialists to ensure the correct DRG enrollment of patients, accurate use of parenteral nutrition and anti infective drugs, and reasonable control the cost of examinations and consumables, which could increase the probability of medical insurance balance for gastric cancer surgery patients. In the future, hospitals should further promote the procurement of drug consumables in bulk, reduce unnecessary examinations, develop standardized perioperative nutritional interventions and anti infection treatment pathways, ensure the accuracy of DRG enrollment, optimize clinical diagnosis and treatment pathways to improve the efficiency of medical insurance fund utilization and provide high-quality medical services for patients.

Objective:To construct a preoperative rehabilitation program for gastric cancer patients, aiming to provide scientific and reasonable preoperative guidance for gastric cancer patients.Methods:On the basis of literature research and expert group meeting, the first draft of the preoperative rehabilitation program for gastric cancer patients was constructed. From October 2021 to January 2022, the Delphi method was used to conduct 2 rounds of expert letter inquiries to 16 experts in related fields from 11 hospitals in Jiangsu Province, and the entries were revised according to the experts′ inquiries.Results:In the two rounds of expert correspondence, the positive coefficients of experts were 88.89% and 100.00%, and the authority coefficients of experts were both 0.88. The coordination coefficients of the items in the two rounds of inquiry were 0.279 and 0.290, respectively. The final program consisted of 3 first-level entries, 11 second-level entries and 32 third-level entries.Conclusions:The scheme constructed in this study is scientific, reliable and applicable, and is worth being promoted further in clinical practice.

Objective:To summarize the clinical characteristics of primary retroperitoneal tumors (PRT).Methods:All PRT cases undergoing surgical resection during recent 10 years at our center were retrospectively analyzed.Results:Tumors in all 92 cases were of malignant in 64 cases, borderline in 10 and benign PRT in 18, among which liposarcoma and leiomyosarcoma were the most common types. The tumor size and Ki-67 was significantly higher in malignant compared to borderline or benign PRT. The multifocal rate was 50%, en-bloc resection rate was 72%, R 0 rate was 61%, and combined organ resection rate was 41% in malignant PRTs. Small intestine and the colon were the most frequently resected organs. During 9.3 years of follow-up period, the 1-, 3- and 5-year cumulative reoperation rate of malignant PRT was 10.6%, 44.7% and 62.9%, respectively, and the median re-operation period was 4.0 years. The 1-, 3- and 5-year cumulative survival rate was 90.1%, 73.0% and 64.2%, respectively, and the median survival period was 6.1 years. None of postoperative borderline or benign PRT recurred or needed re-operation or deceased. Conclusion:Most of PRTs were malignant, presenting themsehies as a challenge to surgery with unfaror prognosis.

Starvation therapy is an emerging oncological treatment that targets the abnormally elevated nutrient uptake and metabolic pathways to inhibit and kill tumors. In addition to glucose, the targets of starvation therapy also include other nutrients in tumor cells.However, concerns like ineffective targeting and drug tolerance probably have an impact on their clinical translation.Nanomaterial-assisted starvation treatment has been developing quickly in recent years to address these concerns.In this review, several exemplary nanomedicines for starvation therapy and combined starvation therapy with other therapies were offered.They target nutrients other than glucose metabolism, including lactic acid, amino acids, and lipids, using nanomaterials to improve the efficacy of starvation therapy.This review provides reference for further development of nanomedicines with starvation treatment effect.

Objective:To analyze the clinical characteristics and the risk factors of acute mechanical small bowel obstruction in adults.Methods:The clinical data of 487 adult patients with acute mechanical small bowel obstruction treated in Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University from June 2010 to December 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. There were 259 cases of strangulated obstruction (strangulation group) and 228 cases of non-strangulated obstruction (simple group). The cases in the strangulation group were confirmed by operation or pathology, the cases in the simple group were confirmed by non-operative therapy ( n=167) or operation ( n=61). The clinical data, including age, abdominal pain, vomiting, tenderness, rebound pain and muscle defense; the CT signs, including transitional zone, dilatation of intestinal loop, high density of intestinal wall; laboratory test results, including white blood cell count, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and C-reactive protein (CRP) were analyzed in both groups. Univariate and multivariate regression were used to identify risk factors of strangulated small bowel obstruction. Results:There were significant significances in gender (male vs.female: χ2=4.35, OR=0.67), rebound pain (χ2=170.98, OR=45.12), muscle tension(χ2=113.79, OR=29.32), American Society of Anesthesiologists score (ASA score)≥3 (χ2=12.94, OR=51.58), white blood cell count ( t=6.19, OR=1.14), LDH ( t=2.37, OR=1.00), CRP ( t=2.23, OR=1.01), albumin ( t=2.04, OR=0.97), mesenteric fluid sign (χ2=49.44, OR=5.40), increased bowel wall density (χ2=222.78, OR=62.66), bowel wall thickening sign (χ2=43.81, OR=3.49), ascites (χ2=237.29, OR=43.01), beak sign (χ2=231.50, OR=56.62), mesenteric fat stranding (χ2=242.65, OR=34.90), and stranding sign(χ2=224.79, OR=53.48) between strangulation group and simple group ( P<0.01). The multivariate regression analysis showed that mesenteric fluid sign ( OR=12.94), muscle tension ( OR=7.28), ascites ( OR=6.42), increased bowel wall density ( OR=4.30), bowel wall thickening sign ( OR=1.85), white blood cell count ( OR=1.14) and gender (male vs. female: OR=0.50) were risk factors of strangulated small bowel obstruction. Conclusion:In acute mechanical small bowel obstruction,for female patients presenting mesenteric fluid sign, muscle tension, ascites, increased bowel wall density, bowel wall thickening sign and increased white blood cell count, the strangulated obstruction is likely to occur.