The intestine is the largest immune and metabolic site in the body and is thus important for animal health.The integrity of the mucosal barrier and function are fundamental factors protecting the health of the intestine.Stress has been reported to have profound effects on the gastrointestinal tract,including altering gut permeability,the intestinal barrier,and homeostasis.Tryptophan is a functional essential amino acid that alters the gut microbiota and regulates intestine structural and functional change,thus contributing to host physiology and metabolism.Changes in tryptophan metabolism and its metabolites in brain and intestinal tissues during stress suggest that tryptophan may play an important role in the stress response.We therefore review the literature on the mechanisms underlying stress-related diseases and the role of tryptophan metabolism in the regulation of gut homeostasis,with particular focus on functional bowel disorders and their relationship to stress,to provide a theoretical foundation for targeting tryptophan in stress-related intestine diseases.

Abstract: Objective　To analyze the risk factors for HIV/AIDS mortality after receiving antiviral treatment in Tongchuan City, and to provide a scientific basis for implementing precision treatment in Tongchuan City. Methods　A retrospective cohort study was conducted to collect general demographic characteristics and survival-related information of HIV/AIDS individuals who received antiviral treatment in Tongchuan City from 2005 to 2023. Mortality table analysis was used to assess the cumulative survival rate, Cox regression model was used to analyze survival influencing factors, and a nomogram was constructed to predict the prognosis of antiviral treatment. Results A total of 410 HIV/AIDS patients underwent antiviral treatment, with the shortest observation period being 0 months and the longest 222 months, and the median survival time was 71 months (QR: 64-106); among the 362 cases followed up, there were 39 AIDS-related deaths. The cumulative survival rates after 1, 5, and 10 years of antiretroviral therapy were 96.2%, 91.3%, and 83.0%, respectively. Multivariate Cox analysis showed that patients with a higher level of education (college degree or above) (HR=0.349, 95%CI: 0.159-0.769) and without clinical symptoms (HR=0.357, 95%CI: 0.178-0.715) had a lower risk of death after antiretroviral treatment, whereas patients with a CD4 cell count <200 cells/μL group (HR=9.383, 95% CI: 2.879-30.578) had a higher risk of death. Based on the above three influencing factors, a nomogram model was constructed. Internal validation showed that the model's discriminative ability with a C-index of 0.859 (95% CI: 0.762-0.956), and the calibration curve indicated good consistency, demonstrating the model's good predictive ability. Conclusions　Tongchuan City should expand health education on AIDS prevention and control, strengthen HIV monitoring, carry out education on compliance with antiviral treatment among HIV/AIDS individuals, conduct timely CD4 cell count detection, and use the constructed nomogram model to assist in precise diagnosis and treatment in clinical practice.

Purpose/Significance To investigate and analyze the current situation of data security in the national medical industry,and to provide suggestions for data security construction for regulatory authorities,hospital informatization practitioners and hospital infor-matization manufacturers.Method/Process A survey and research on medical industry data security is conducted for the heads of hospital information technology departments and relevant management personnel in data security construction and maintenance nationwide.The content includes understanding of laws and regulations,as well as the current situation,existing problems,system functions,and hierar-chical evaluation of hospital data security construction,in order to analyze the current situation of data security in the national medical in-dustry.Result/Conclusion The awareness of data compliance in hospitals across the country has significantly strengthened,and the vast majority of hospitals have a certain level of data security technology support capabilities.However,there are still many shortcomings in data security and personal information protection.

Objective: To explore the changes in root volume and root resorption in incisor arteries from adult patients with skeletal class Ⅲ malocclusion before and after camouflaged orthodontic treatment and to provide a reference for the clinic. Methods : Thirty permanent dentition adult patients with skeletal class Ⅲ malocclusion were included from the Orthodontic Department. CBCT data of each patient at pretreatment and posttreatment were acquired, and 3D digital root models were reconstructed. The whole and segmented root volumes (cervical part, bodily part and apical part) of the right incisors were calculated. Results: The root volumes (whole, cervical part, bodily part and apical part) posttreatment were smaller than those pretreatment (P<0.001). Maxillary central incisors and lateral incisors showed similar resorption in the cervical root and bodily root and more changes in the apical root, but there was no significant difference (P>0.05). Mandibular central incisors and lateral incisors showed more root resorption in the apical root than in the cervical root and bodily root (P<0.01). The absorption ratio of all segmented roots in each incisor showed a significant difference (P<0.001), and apical absorption was the most obvious. There were no significant differences in root volume change amounts or the absorption ratio of the whole, cervical part and bodily part in all incisors (P>0.05). The absorption ratio showed a significant difference in the mandibular lateral incisors (P = 0.028). Conclusion After camouflaged orthodontic treatment of adult skeletal class Ⅲ malocclusion, incisor root resorption occurred mainly in the apical part, but the cervical and bodily parts should also be considered. There was a high risk of root resorption in the mandibular incisors.

Objective:To investigate the application value of fluorescence imaging in single-port thoracoscopic anatomic segmentectomy.Methods:The clinical data of 280 patients (145 patients with fluorescence method and 135 patients with modified inflation-deflation method) who underwent thoracoscopic anatomic segmentectomy were retrospectively studied in the Anhui Chest Hospital from June 2020 to June 2021. There were 113 patients in the simple segmentectomy group and 167 patients in the complex segmentectomy group. The baseline data of the fluorescence method and the modified inflation-deflation method in the complex segmentectomy group were corrected by propensity score matching, and the perioperative results were compared between the groups.Results:There were no significant differences in segmental resection time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative drainage, postoperative pain, postoperative extubation time, length of hospital stay, incidence of complications and cost of hand-holding between the fluorescence method and the modified method of the simple segmentectomy group.In the complex segmentectomy group, the time of segmental resection with the fluorescence method was significantly shorter than that with the modified inflation-deflation method( P<0.05), and other indexes had no significant difference. Conclusion:Fluorescence method single-port thoracoscopic anatomic segmentectomy has the same perioperative safety and short-term efficacy as modified inflation-deflation method, which can significantly shorten the operative time and improve the operative efficiency in complex anatomic segmentectomy.

Facial soft tissue shape is an important factor to improve the attractiveness of the appearance. With the improvement of three-dimensional (3D) stereophotography in terms of accuracy, reproducibility, and automation, it can accurately reflect the soft tissue changes brought about by orthodontic or orthognathic surgery and promote doctor-patient communication, and has been widely used for pretreatment diagnosis, preoperative simulation, and postoperative follow-up. This article summarizes the research progress of digital 3D measurement of facial soft tissues, and expounds the development history and application prospect of this field from the aspects of accuracy of 3D radiography, determination of craniofacial landmark points and reference planes, medical application and prospect of 3D measurement of facial soft tissues, in order to provide a reference for clinical diagnosis, treatment and efficacy evaluation of orthodontics, orthognathic and plastic surgery.

Facial soft tissue shape is an important factor to improve the attractiveness of the appearance. With the improvement of three-dimensional (3D) stereophotography in terms of accuracy, reproducibility, and automation, it can accurately reflect the soft tissue changes brought about by orthodontic or orthognathic surgery and promote doctor-patient communication, and has been widely used for pretreatment diagnosis, preoperative simulation, and postoperative follow-up. This article summarizes the research progress of digital 3D measurement of facial soft tissues, and expounds the development history and application prospect of this field from the aspects of accuracy of 3D radiography, determination of craniofacial landmark points and reference planes, medical application and prospect of 3D measurement of facial soft tissues, in order to provide a reference for clinical diagnosis, treatment and efficacy evaluation of orthodontics, orthognathic and plastic surgery.

Objective To evaluate the influence of stress distributions on bone-anchored maxillary protraction at different protraction sites, so as to guide patients to choose an optimal protraction site in clinic. Methods A three-dimensional (3D) finite element model of child head with implant anchorages was establised. Four protraction sites were set according to the position of implant installation. Working condition 1: the alveolar bone at the intersection of distal 2 mm of primary lateral incisor crown distal surface and gingival cervical margin to 5 mm. Working condition 2: the alveolar bone at the intersection of mesial 2 mm of maxillary first primary molar crown mesial surface and gingival cervical margin to 5 mm. Working condition 3: the alveolar bone at the intersection of mesial 2 mm of maxillary first molar crown mesial surface and gingival cervical margin to 5 mm. Working condition 4: the alveolar bone at the intersection of distal 2 mm of maxillary first molar crown distal surface and gingival cervical margin to 5 mm. The finite element models were loaded with 500 g protraction force at each side with 30° forward direction to the occlusal plane. Stress distributions on each suture were analysed. Results The maximum stress of frontomaxillary suture was in working condition 2 (1 477-28 190 Pa). The maximum stress of nasomaxillary suture was in working condition 1 (5.296-924 Pa). The maximum stress of zygomaticomaxillary suture was in working condition 4(394.7-13 130 Pa). The maximum stress of zygomaticofrontalis suture was in working condition 4 (495.2-31 690 Pa). The maximum stress of zygomaticotemporal suture was in working condition 3 (1 148-15 870 Pa). The maximum stress of medianpalatine suture was in working condition I (6.479-730 Pa). Conclusions When the protraction sites are set in distal maxillary primary lateral incisor and mesial maxillary first primary molar, it is of positive significance to improve the concave profile, especially in nose root. When the protraction sites are set in mesial or distal maxillary first molar, it is of positive significance to improve the concave profile, especially in maxillary basal bone of the midface.

Gastric cancer highly expressed transcript 1 (GHET1) is first found in gastric cancer and is a long non-coding RNA (lncRNA). GHET1 is located on chromosome 7q36.1, and is highly expressed in many tumors. High expression of GHET1 is closely related to poor prognosis. Studies have found that GHET1 is involved in regulating many physiological and pathological processes of the body through interaction with microRNAs (miRNAs) or proteins, especially in digestive system tumors, and is expected to become a valuable tumor marker and therapeutic target in the future.

Objective To explore the correlation of human epidermal growth factor receptor type 2 overexpression (HER-2+)and mammographic and clinical features in breast cancers with estrogen receptor negative expression (ER-).Methods 190 cases of ER-breast cancer were included in this study.There were 78 cases with HER-2+,and 112 cases with HER-2-.The pathological and mammographic features were compared between the two groups.Results Compared with the HER-2- group,the HER-2+ group was more in older women (P<0.001)and more likely to have a lymphonodus metastasis (P=0.011).For mammographic manifesta-tions,pure calcifications were more detected in the HER-2+ group (P=0.000),and pure masses were more detected in the HER-2-group (P<0.001).The HER-2+ group was more likely showed as a lobulated mass (P<0.001),and with spiculated margin (P=0.000). However,the HER-2- group was more likely showed as a round mass (P=0.014),and with smooth margin (P=0.000).The cal-cifications of HER-2+ group were more likely showed as malignancy calcifications (P=0.000).Conclusion HER-2 overexpression breast cancer with ER- has some mammographic and clinical features,which is helpful for individual diagnosis and treatment.