Objective To evaluate the accuracy of 6 commercial antibiotic susceptibility testing methods in detecting the sensitivity of carbapenems-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae(CRKP)to tigecycline,and to provide an evidence for clinical laboratory to select the appropriate tigecyline susceptibility tests.Methods Non-duplicate CRKP clinically isolated from Aerospace Center Hospital from June 2023 to February 2024 were collected.60 cases of tigecycline intermediated CRKP[minimal inhibitery concentration(MIC)=4μg/ml]and 60 cases of drug-resistant CRKP(MIC≥8μg/ml)were screened by Vitek-2.The sensitivity of CRKP to tigecycline was detected by different methods.With the MIC test strip(MTS)as the reference method,the methodological evaluation of Vitek-2,commercial broth dilution method,E-test,Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion(KB)and disk combined with resensitization bufferwas carried out under the interpretation standards of the U S Food and Drug Administration(FDA)and the European Commission for Drug Susceptibility Testing(EUCAST),respectively.Results For the intermediate strains,under the FDA criteria,both the commercial broth dilution method and the disk combinedwith resensitization buffer method showed high consistency with the MTS method and were acceptable,whereas under the EUCAST criteria,all five methods were unacceptable.For the resistant strains,no matter what standard was,CA of all five methods were less than 90%,which were unacceptable.For all strains as a whole,the results were consistent with those of the resistant ones.Conclusion Under the current sample size,none of the five methods met the acceptable standards,especially not suitable for the recheck of strains with higher MICs.Commercial broth dilution method have the highest consistency with MTS,and it is worth expanding the sample size for further study.

Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of self-help inflatable balloon in the treatment of refractory benign upper digestive tract stricture.Methods From November 2022 to February 2024,10 patients with refractory benign upper digestive tract stricture underwent self-help inflatable balloon were retrospectively analyzed.Preoperative treatment,intraoperative and postoperative complications,dysphagia score before and after surgery,wearing time of external self-help inflatable balloon,and the clinical efficacy were evaluated.Results All the 10 patients received self-help inflatable balloon treatment.No complications such as bleeding and perforation occurred in all patients during the wearing of the balloon.The placement time of the balloon was 60～180 d,and the average wearing time was 104.9 d.Before surgery,nine cases had a stricture segment length less than 2 cm,and one case had a stricture segment length of 6 cm.The dysphagia score before surgery was(3.60±0.52),and the dysphagia score after removal of the self-help inflatable balloon was(0.60±0.52),and there was statistical significance in preoperative and postoperative comparison(P＜0.05).The dysphagia score 3 months after removal of the external self-help inflatable balloon was(0.70±0.48),there was no significant difference in dysphagia score between the day after surgery and 3 months after surgery(P＞0.05).The diameter of the stricture before and after operation was(5.09±2.02)mm and(10.35±0.73)mm respectively,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).Sore throat,wing of nose pain and balloon displacement were the most common adverse events,with 30.0％(3/10),50.0％(5/10)and 70.0％(7/10),respectively.Conclusion It is safe,effective and feasible to treat refractory benign upper digestive tract stricture with self-help inflatable balloon in vitro.It is worthy for clinical application.

Objective:To explore the clinical application value of artificial intelligence models in identifying bleeding events and hemorrhagic points during laparoscopic pancreatic surgery.Methods:This single-center retrospective cohort study collected surgical videos of 25 patients undergoing laparoscopic pancreatic surgery at the Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital from January 2022 to December 2024. Videos within 5 seconds before and after representative bleeding events were captured at 30 frames/s, with 11 666 hemorrhagic-related video frames annotated. Two algorithm models were developed: a pigment-based model and a pigment+optical flow-based model for classification and target recognition of bleeding frames. The training and test sets for the pigment-based algorithm contained 4 692 hemorrhagic and 4 309 non-hemorrhagic frames, while those for the pigment+optical flow model included 1 339 hemorrhagic and 1 326 non-hemorrhagic frames. Performance evaluation was conducted using overlap thresholds, with accuracy and recall rates as key metrics.Results:The pigment-based model achieved 93.8% accuracy (134/143) and 43.3% recall (134/310) in hemorrhagic frame classification. At an overlap threshold of 0.3, the pigment-based model showed 84.1% accuracy (433/515) and 85.4% recall (433/507) in target recognition. When the threshold was increased to 0.5, the pigment+optical flow model demonstrated 88.1% accuracy (354/402) and 89.2% recall (354/397) in hemorrhagic target recognition.Conclusions:It is difficult to distinguish active bleeding from old bleeding completely by pigment information alone. The spatio-temporal features can be effectively extracted by combining pigment and optical flow information, and the bleeding can be accurately identified and located, which has potential clinical application value.

Objective To evaluate the accuracy of 6 commercial antibiotic susceptibility testing methods in detecting the sensitivity of carbapenems-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae(CRKP)to tigecycline,and to provide an evidence for clinical laboratory to select the appropriate tigecyline susceptibility tests.Methods Non-duplicate CRKP clinically isolated from Aerospace Center Hospital from June 2023 to February 2024 were collected.60 cases of tigecycline intermediated CRKP[minimal inhibitery concentration(MIC)=4μg/ml]and 60 cases of drug-resistant CRKP(MIC≥8μg/ml)were screened by Vitek-2.The sensitivity of CRKP to tigecycline was detected by different methods.With the MIC test strip(MTS)as the reference method,the methodological evaluation of Vitek-2,commercial broth dilution method,E-test,Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion(KB)and disk combined with resensitization bufferwas carried out under the interpretation standards of the U S Food and Drug Administration(FDA)and the European Commission for Drug Susceptibility Testing(EUCAST),respectively.Results For the intermediate strains,under the FDA criteria,both the commercial broth dilution method and the disk combinedwith resensitization buffer method showed high consistency with the MTS method and were acceptable,whereas under the EUCAST criteria,all five methods were unacceptable.For the resistant strains,no matter what standard was,CA of all five methods were less than 90%,which were unacceptable.For all strains as a whole,the results were consistent with those of the resistant ones.Conclusion Under the current sample size,none of the five methods met the acceptable standards,especially not suitable for the recheck of strains with higher MICs.Commercial broth dilution method have the highest consistency with MTS,and it is worth expanding the sample size for further study.

Due to its complexity, pancreatic surgery has a high incidence of perioperative complications. Intra-abdominal infection, as one of the common complications after pancreatic surgery, prolongs the recovery time of patients, increases the overall incidence of complications. The key to preventing intra-abdominal infection after pancreatic surgery lies in precise operation, precise suturing, and sufficient drainage of the surgical fields. In terms of diagnosis and treatment, early diagnosis of abdominal infections, timely identification of pathogens, and use of targeted anti-infective drugs are crucial for controlling the source of infection and avoiding its spread. With the emergence of diagnostic technologies such as metagenomic sequencing, it is necessary to reanalyze the patterns of pathogens in intra-abdominal infections after pancreatic surgery, and to rethink the diagnosis and treatment process of intra-abdominal infection.

Neuroendocrine neoplasms(NENs)are a rare group of tumors that originated from peptidergic neurons and neuroendocrine cells,which has neuroendocrine differentiation characteristics and expresses neuroendocrine markers.NENs occur in all parts of the body,especially in lung,gastrointestinal tract and pancreas.Both domestic and foreign researches showed that the incidence of NENs is on the rise.NENs have high heterogeneity and can originate in multiple tissues and organs,including pituitary,thyroid,parathyroid,skin,bronchial lung and thymus,gastrointestinal tract and pancreas,adrenal glands,genitourinary organs,etc.At the same time,when the classification and grading of NENs originating from the same tissue or organ are different,they also have significantly different biological behaviors.The high heterogeneity of NENs determines the difficulty and complexity of its diagnosis.In addition to clinical symptoms,it also needs to include special biomarkers,endoscopy,ultrasound,computed tomography(CT),magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)and various functional imaging methods for integrated diagnosis.In addition,the treatment of NENs also covers endoscopic therapy,surgical treatment,interventional therapy,drug therapy,radiotherapy and peptide receptor radionuclide therapy(PRRT).The development of treatment strategies requires not only following guidelines,but also making individual choices on the basis of multidisciplinary team(MDT)collaboration and integrated diagnosis and treatment.In 2024,the Society of Neuroendocrine Neoplasm of China Anti-Cancer Association once again organized experts in relevant fields to formulate the"China Anti-Cancer Association guideline for diagnosis and treatment of neuroendocrine neoplasms(2025 edition)"on the basis of the"China Anti-Cancer Association guideline for diagnosis and treatment of neuroendocrine neoplasm(2022 edition)",domestic and international guidelines and consensus,as well as the latest clinical research results.The guideline had been registered on Practice guideline REgistration for transPAREncy(PREPARE)with the registration number PREPARE-2024CN1158.The 2025 edition updated and revised the relevant content from the 2022 edition and further expanded recommendations beyond thoracic,gastrointestinal tract and pancreas NENs,including pituitary neuroendocrine tumors(PitNETs),medullary thyroid carcinoma(MTC),pheochromocytoma/paragangliomas(PPGLs)and Merkel cell carcinoma(MCC),with the expectation of providing references for clinical practitioners.

Objective To compare and analyze the application effects of ciprofol+remifentanil and remazolam+remifentanil in painless gastrointestinal gastroscopy in elderly overweight patients.Methods The subjects of this study,122 elderly overweight patients for painless gastrointestinal endoscopy from October 2023 to October 2024,were randomly divided into H group and R group,each with 61 cases.At the same time,122 elderly patients with normal body weight who planned to undergo painless gastrointestinal endoscopy during the same period were randomly divided into H1 group and R1 group,61 cases in each group.All subjects received a slow intravenous injection of remifentanil at a dose of 0.5 μg/kg,30 s later Group H and H1 group were administered with a slow intravenous injection of ciprofol at a dose of 0.4 mg/kg,while Group R and R1 group were given a slow intravenous injection of remazolam at a dose of 0.2 mg/kg.Anesthesia effect and perioperative indicators(examination time,induction time,etc.),and the hemodynamic parameters[mean arterial pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR)and percutaneous arterial oxygen saturation(SpO2)]were compared of the four groups immediately after the establishment of electrocardiogram monitoring(T0),upon completion of anesthesia induction(T1),when gastroscopy passed through the throat(T2),when enteroscopy passed through the hepatic flexure(T3),and immediately after completion of surgery(T4),as well as adverse reactions were compared of the four groups.Results Excellent anesthesia rate:group H and H1 group were higher than group R(96.72%,98.36%vs.86.89%,P<0.05).Induction time:no difference was found of the four groups(P>0.05).Examination time:group H and group R were significantly longer than that in group H1 and group R1(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference between group H and group R,and between group H1 and group R1(P>0.05).The time of awakening and moving out of postanesthesia care unit(PACU):group H,group R,group H1 and group R1 gradually decreased,and the differences between each two groups were statistically significant(P<0.05).There were statistically significant differences in MAP and HR of the four groups,time and interaction effects(P<0.05).The difference of SpO2 of the four groups was statistically significant(P<0.05),and the difference of time and interaction effect was not statistically significant(P>0.05).Incidence of injection pain:group H and group H1 were lower than group R and group R1(P<0.05).Incidence of other adverse reactions:no significant difference of four groups(P>0.05).Conclusion During painless gastrointestinal endoscopy of elderly overweight patients the application of ciprofol+remifentanil can achieve better anesthetic effect and lower incidence of injection pain as compared with remazolam+remifentanil.The anesthetic effect of the two anesthesia regimens is similar in elderly normal weight patients,but the elderly normal weight patients have a faster recovery from anesthesia than the elderly overweight patients.

Objective We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Shengxuebao Mixture in the treatment of cancer-related anemia(CRA)presenting with syndrome of deficiency of liver and kidney combined with syndrome of deficiency of both qi and blood.Methods A randomized,double-blind,placebo-controlled,multicenter clinical trial was conducted.Eligible patients with malignant tumors meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria were enrolled from 26 hospitals,including Dongzhimen Hospital,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,Xiaogan Central Hospital,and Yangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine,from June 1,2022,to September 30,2024.Patients were allocated 1:1 to either the experimental group receiving Shengxuebao Mixture or the control group receiving its simulator(placebo)using a block randomization method under double-blind conditions.Both groups received 15 mL orally three times daily for 28 consecutive days.The primary efficacy indicators included the hemoglobin(Hb)improvement rate(RHb)and the traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndrome improvement rate(RTCM)at week 4 of treatment.The secondary efficacy indicators encompassed Hb and red blood cell(RBC)count,Karnofsky Performance Status(KPS)score,TCM syndrome score,individual TCM symptom scores,and changes in each of these indicators compared to the baseline period at weeks 2,4,and 6 of treatment.Safety evaluations were conducted at week 4 of treatment.Results A total of 239 patients were enrolled,with 225 cases included in the Full Analysis Set(FAS)(109 in the experimental group vs.116 control group),163 in the Per Protocol Set(PPS)(77 vs.86),and 225 in the Safety Set(SS)(109 vs.116).Baseline characteristics between groups showed no significant differences.Significant differences were observed between the experimental and control groups in RHb at week 4(FAS:49.51%vs.35.24%,P<0.05;PPS:53.25%vs.36.05%,P<0.05)and RTCM at week 4(FAS:61.54%vs.39.62%,P<0.01;PPS:64.94%vs.40.70%,P<0.01).At weeks 2,4,and 6,the experimental group showed greater improvements in Hb and RBC counts than the control group.Additionally,the TCM syndrome scores were lower in the experimental group than in the control group at these time points.Except for week 2 in PPS,the KPS improvement was better in the experimental group than in the control group(P<0.05).The experimental group also demonstrated a greater reduction in scores for individual TCM symptoms such as spiritlessness and weakness,poor appetite and reduced food intake at weeks 4 and 6 compared to the control group(P<0.05,P<0.01).Furthermore,the reduction in vertigo score was more pronounced in the experimental group at week 6(P<0.01).For the score of pale and lusterless complexion,only in the PPS was the reduction from baseline more significant in the experimental group than in the control group at weeks 4 and 6(P<0.05).No significant differences were observed between the experimental and control groups in the incidence of all adverse events or drug-related adverse reactions.Conclusion Shengxuebao Mixture demonstrates significant efficacy in patients with CRA presenting syndrome of deficiency of liver and kidney combined with syndrome of deficiency of both qi and blood,effectively increasing Hb levels,ameliorating TCM syndromes,alleviating clinical symptoms,and enhancing functional status,with no significant difference in adverse drug reactions compared to the placebo.

Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of self-help inflatable balloon in the treatment of refractory benign upper digestive tract stricture.Methods From November 2022 to February 2024,10 patients with refractory benign upper digestive tract stricture underwent self-help inflatable balloon were retrospectively analyzed.Preoperative treatment,intraoperative and postoperative complications,dysphagia score before and after surgery,wearing time of external self-help inflatable balloon,and the clinical efficacy were evaluated.Results All the 10 patients received self-help inflatable balloon treatment.No complications such as bleeding and perforation occurred in all patients during the wearing of the balloon.The placement time of the balloon was 60～180 d,and the average wearing time was 104.9 d.Before surgery,nine cases had a stricture segment length less than 2 cm,and one case had a stricture segment length of 6 cm.The dysphagia score before surgery was(3.60±0.52),and the dysphagia score after removal of the self-help inflatable balloon was(0.60±0.52),and there was statistical significance in preoperative and postoperative comparison(P＜0.05).The dysphagia score 3 months after removal of the external self-help inflatable balloon was(0.70±0.48),there was no significant difference in dysphagia score between the day after surgery and 3 months after surgery(P＞0.05).The diameter of the stricture before and after operation was(5.09±2.02)mm and(10.35±0.73)mm respectively,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).Sore throat,wing of nose pain and balloon displacement were the most common adverse events,with 30.0％(3/10),50.0％(5/10)and 70.0％(7/10),respectively.Conclusion It is safe,effective and feasible to treat refractory benign upper digestive tract stricture with self-help inflatable balloon in vitro.It is worthy for clinical application.

Schizophrenia (SZ) stands as a severe psychiatric disorder. This study applied diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) data in conjunction with graph neural networks to distinguish SZ patients from normal controls (NCs) and showcases the superior performance of a graph neural network integrating combined fractional anisotropy and fiber number brain network features, achieving an accuracy of 73.79% in distinguishing SZ patients from NCs. Beyond mere discrimination, our study delved deeper into the advantages of utilizing white matter brain network features for identifying SZ patients through interpretable model analysis and gene expression analysis. These analyses uncovered intricate interrelationships between brain imaging markers and genetic biomarkers, providing novel insights into the neuropathological basis of SZ. In summary, our findings underscore the potential of graph neural networks applied to multimodal DTI data for enhancing SZ detection through an integrated analysis of neuroimaging and genetic features.
Humans ; Schizophrenia/pathology* ; Diffusion Tensor Imaging/methods* ; Male ; Female ; Adult ; Brain/metabolism* ; Young Adult ; Middle Aged ; White Matter/pathology* ; Gene Expression ; Nerve Net/diagnostic imaging* ; Graph Neural Networks