Objective To investigate the impact of holiday effects and prevention/control measures on the development characteristics and incidence trends of influenza in Hefei City using a Prophet-LSTM hybrid model, and to validate the applicability of the Prophet-LSTM model in influenza prediction by comparing the performance of different forecasting models. Methods Influenza incidence data from Hefei City (2016–2024) were collected to construct a Prophet-LSTM feature analysis and prediction model to analyze the impact of holiday effects and intervention measures on influenza incidence trends. Comparative models (ARIMA, GRU, and TimeGPT) were established and evaluated on the same test set. Results The data analysis revealed significantly increased influenza incidence during holidays (e.g., New Year's Day, Spring Festival, and National Day), while prevention and control measures led to declining trends. The Prophet-LSTM model demonstrated high consistency between the predicted and actual values, outperforming the comparative models with superior MAE (0.209), MSE (0.195), and IA (0.914), indicating higher prediction accuracy and trend-fitting capability. Conclusion The Prophet-LSTM model effectively captures spatiotemporal characteristics of influenza incidence, exhibits enhanced predictive performance when incorporating holiday effects and intervention measures, and demonstrates significant advantages and application value in influenza forecasting.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy and safety of immune checkpoint inhibitors （ICIs） combined with neoadjuvant chemotherapy in the treatment of early triple-negative breast cancer （TNBC）. METHODS Randomized controlled trials （RCTs） comparing ICIs combined with neoadjuvant chemotherapy （experimental group） versus neoadjuvant chemotherapy alone （control group） were retrieved from PubMed， Cochrane Library， Embase， Web of Science， CNKI， Wanfang Data， and VIP databases， as well as relevant studies published at oncology academic conferences. The search period was from database inception to June 30， 2025. After literature screening， data extraction， and quality assessment， a meta-analysis was performed by using RevMan 5.4 software. RESULTS A total of 6 RCTs involving 3 786 patients were finally included. The meta-analysis results showed that the experimental group had superior event-free survival [HR＝0.73， 95%CI （0.62， 0.85）， P＜0.000 1]， overall survival [HR＝0.69， 95%CI （0.57， 0.84）， P＝0.000 3]， and pathological complete response （pCR） [OR＝1.57， 95%CI （1.37， 1.80）， P＜0.000 01] compared to the control group. The incidence of ≥grade 3 adverse event （AE）， severe AE （SAE）， and ≥ grade 3 immune-related adverse event （irAE） in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in the incidence of any AE or any irAE （P＞0.05）. Subgroup analysis revealed that， regardless of programmed cell death ligand 1 expression status （negative or positive），the pCR in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group （P＜0.05）. Additionally， the pCR of the patients with positive lymph nodes in the experimental group was significantly higher to that in the ontrol group （P＜0.05）. There was no statistically significant difference in pCR between the two groups with negative lymph nodes （P＝0.09）. CONCLUSIONS ICIs combined with neoadjuvant chemotherapy can significantly improve event-free survival and overall survival in patients with TNBC， providing patients with long-term survival benefits. However， the risk of ≥ grade 3 AE， SAE and ≥ grade 3 irAE has increased.

Hepatic fibrosis is not only a pathological process of hepatic self-repair after chronic liver injury， but also a critical stage in the progression of chronic liver disease to liver cirrhosis. Studies have shown that as a pro-inflammatory form of programmed cell death， pyroptosis plays an important role in various diseases and is also considered a potential therapeutic target for hepatic fibrosis. This article systematically reviews the association of pyroptosis in hepatocytes， hepatic stellate cells， and hepatic macrophages with hepatic fibrosis and discusses pyroptosis-mediated therapeutic strategies targeting hepatic fibrosis.

OBJECTIVE To establish a method for simultaneous determination of plasma concentration of lamotrigine（LTG）， levetiracetam（LEV） and perampanel（PER） in children with epilepsy and apply this method in clinical practice. METHODS Plasma proteins were precipitated with acetonitrile. Using PER-D 5 as internal standard， ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry （UPLC-MS/MS） method was adopted. The determination was performed on ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3 C 18 column with mobile phase consisted of 0.1% formic acid with 5 mmol/L ammonium acetate-acetonitrile （gradient elution） at the flow rate of 0.3 mL/min. The column temperature was 40 ℃， and sample size was 5 μL. The analysis time was 5 min. The electrospray ionization source and multiple reaction monitoring mode were used for positive ion scanning. The ion pairs used for quantitative analysis of LTG， LEV， PER and internal standard were m / z 255.9→144.9， m / z 171.1→126.1， m / z 350.1→219.0 and m / z 354.9→220.2， respectively. The steady-state trough concentrations of the aforementioned drugs in the plasma of 14 pediatric epilepsy patients receiving combination therapy were determined using the same UPLC-MS/MS method as above. RESULTS The linear ranges of LTG， LEV and PER were 0.15-24 μg/mL （ R 2 ＞0.993）， 0.312 5-50 μg/mL （ R 2 ＞0.997） and 6.25-1 000 ng/mL （ R 2 ＞0.997）， respectively. The lower limits of quantification were 0.15 μg/mL， 0.312 5 μg/mL and 6.25 ng/mL， respectively. RSDs of intraday and interday precision tests of the three drugs were no more than 9.83%， and the accuracies （relative errors） were between －9.33% and 13.72%（ n ＝6 or n ＝18）； the average extraction recovery rates were 86.4%-97.9%， and the average matrix effects were 86.9%-110.0% （ n ＝6）. The absolute values of the relative errors in the stability tests were all below 15%. The steady-state trough concentrations of LTG， LEV and PER were （5.64±4.03）μg/mL， （10.67±8.78）μg/mL and（450.20±251.27）ng/mL， respectively； the rates of achieving target trough concentrations were 71.4%， 37.5% and 84.6%， respectively. CONCLUSIONS The established UPLC-MS/MS method is specific， rapid and suitable for the plasma concentration monitoring in epileptic children receiving combination therapy.

Primary biliary cholangitis （PBC） is a cholestatic autoimmune liver disease characterized by the injury of small intrahepatic bile ducts， and at present， the pathogenesis of PBC remains unclear. Recent studies have shown that bile acid metabolism disorder and gut microbiota imbalance play a key role in the development and progression of PBC， and they form a complex and dynamic interaction network via the “gut-liver axis” and regulate core physiopathological processes such as immune response， metabolic homeostasis， and inflammatory response in a synergistic manner. This article systematically elaborates on the abnormal features of bile acid metabolism and gut microbiota in PBC， discusses their synergistic mechanisms in PBC， and then proposes a combined strategy of targeting bile acid receptors and modulating gut microbiota， in order to overcome the limitations of current treatment modalities and provide new insights and directions for the clinical management of PBC.

Objective To investigate the feasibility of a "pericardial lining" modified Bentall procedure for the treatment of patients with aortic root aneurysm. Methods This was a retrospective study that consecutively enrolled patients treated at the Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, and the First People's Hospital of Guangyuan from January 2023 to February 2024. Preoperative clinical data, imaging findings (including echocardiography and CT scans of the aortic root and the entire aorta), details of coronary artery management, surgical outcomes, and postoperative follow-up results were collected. All patients underwent the "pericardial lining" modified Bentall procedure: the aortic valve was replaced, and an autologous pericardial patch was divided into three equal leaflets based on the circumference of the aortic annulus measured by a valve sizer. These leaflets were then sutured to the aortic annulus. Fenestrations were created in two of the pericardial leaflets for anastomosis with the left and right coronary ostia. The pericardial leaflets were sutured to the wall of the aortic sinuses to form an integrated structure, thereby narrowing the sinus portion. A prosthetic vascular graft was anastomosed to the proximal and distal aorta, and no aortic root-to-right atrium shunt was created. Results A total of 5 patients, aged 37 to 68 years, were included. The preoperative Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS) risk scores ranged from 2.8% to 3.9%. The diameter of the ascending aorta was 40-73 mm, the left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD) was 45-71 mm, and the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was 47%-64%. Intraoperatively, the aortic cross-clamp time ranged from 85 to 180 min, and the cardiopulmonary bypass time ranged from 110 to 302 min. Postoperative follow-up echocardiography revealed that the ascending aortic diameter was 27-35 mm, LVEDD was 39-57 mm, and LVEF was 43%-61%. All surgeries were completed successfully with satisfactory immediate outcomes and no intraoperative complications. During the follow-up period, there was no mortality or reoperation. Conclusion For patients with aortic root aneurysm, the "pericardial lining" modified Bentall procedure yields satisfactory preliminary results, and the technique is demonstrated to be feasible.

BACKGROUND:In recent years,numerous studies have shown that autophagy and mitophagy play an important role in the regulation of bone metabolism.Under non-physiological conditions,mitophagy breaks the balance of bone metabolism and triggers metabolism disorders,which affect osteoblasts,osteoclasts,osteocytes,chondrocytes,bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells,etc. OBJECTIVE:To summarize the mechanism of mitophagy in regulating bone metabolic diseases and its application in clinical treatment. METHODS:PubMed,Web of Science,CNKI,WanFang and VIP databases were searched by computer using the keywords of"mitophagy,bone metabolism,osteoblasts,osteoclasts,osteocytes,chondrocytes,bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells"in English and Chinese.The search time was from 2008 to 2023.According to the inclusion criteria,90 articles were finally included for review and analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Mitophagy promotes the generation of osteoblasts through SIRT1,PINK1/Parkin,FOXO3 and PI3K signaling pathways,while inhibiting osteoclast function through PINK1/Parkin and SIRT1 signaling pathways.Mitophagy leads to bone loss by increasing calcium phosphate particles and tissue protein kinase K in bone tissue.Mitophagy improves the function of chondrocytes through PINK1/Parkin,PI3K/AKT/mTOR and AMPK signaling pathways.Modulation of mitophagy shows great potential in the treatment of bone diseases,but there are still some issues to be further explored,such as different stages of drug-activated mitophagy,and the regulatory mechanisms of different signaling pathways.

Glioma is the most common primary malignant tumor of the central nervous system in adults. Despite the standard treatment of surgery combined with radiotherapy and chemotherapy, the prognosis for high-grade glioma patients remains poor, highlighting the urgent need to further explore its pathogenesis and develop new therapeutic strategies. This article reviews the research progress in the field of glioma in China in 2024, covering tumorigenesis mechanisms, tumor immune microenvironment composition, advances in imaging techniques and novel imaging agents, improvements in surgical approaches, mechanisms of radio- and chemoresistance, and explorations of new therapeutic modalities. These studies provide a solid theoretical foundation for advancing clinical diagnosis and treatment of gliomas and may offer new opportunities to improve patient outcomes.

BACKGROUND: Periodontitis is characterized by alveolar bone resorption, aggravated by osteoblast dysfunction, and associated with intracellular oxidative stress linked to the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) level. We evaluated the molecular mechanism of periodontitis onset and development and the role of NRF2 in osteogenic differentiation. METHODS: Primary murine mandibular osteoblasts were extracted and exposed to Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide (Pg-LPS) or other stimuli. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and 5,5',6,6'-tetrachloro-1,1',3,3'-tetraethylbenzimidazolylcarbocyanine iodide (JC-1) staining were used to detect intracellular oxidative stress. Alkaline phosphatase staining and alizarin red S staining were used to detect the osteogenic differentiation of osteoblasts. Immunofluorescence and western blotting were used to determine the changes in the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway and related molecule activities. Immunofluorescence colocalization and co-immunoprecipitation were performed to examine the nuclear translocation of NRF2 and its interaction with dual-specific phosphatase 1 (DUSP1) in cells. RESULTS: Ligated tissue samples showed higher alveolar bone resorption rate and lower NRF2 level than healthy periodontal tissue samples. Pg-LPS increased intracellular oxidative stress levels and inhibited osteogenic differentiation, whereas changes in NRF2 expression were correlated with changes in the oxidative stress and osteogenesis rate. NRF2 promoted the dephosphorylation of the MAPK pathway by nuclear translocation and the upregulation of DUSP1 expression, thus enhancing the osteogenic differentiation capacity of mandibular osteoblasts. The interaction between NRF2 and DUSP1 was observed. CONCLUSIONS: NRF2 and its nuclear translocation can regulate the osteogenic differentiation of mandibular osteoblasts under Pg-LPS conditions by interacting with DUSP1 in a process linked to the MAPK pathway. These findings form the basis of periodontitis treatment.
Animals ; NF-E2-Related Factor 2/physiology* ; Lipopolysaccharides/pharmacology* ; Osteoblasts/drug effects* ; Mice ; Porphyromonas gingivalis/chemistry* ; Cell Differentiation ; Osteogenesis ; Dual Specificity Phosphatase 1/metabolism* ; Mandible/cytology* ; Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism* ; Oxidative Stress ; Periodontitis/metabolism* ; Cells, Cultured ; Male ; Cell Nucleus/metabolism*

Depression is a chronic brain dysfunctional disease mainly due tomood disorders.Currently,the pathogenesis of depression is unclear,and its pathogenesis,pathophysiology and treatment have consistently been a major focus of academic research.This review provides an overview of the role of serum inflammatory factors in the pathogenesis,diagnosis,and treatment of depression.The inflammatory factor pathway provides a theoretical basis for the development of diagnostic and therapeutic methods for depression.It is expected to provide accurate personalized treatment for patients with depression through the treatment of inflammatory factors,improve the treatment outcomest,and reduce the risk of disease progression.