To evaluate the application value of the Peyton four-step teaching method in the standardized training of intestinal ultrasound and compare it with traditional teaching methods, so as to provide an optimized approach for clinical ultrasound training.

AIM: To compare the agreement between the ARK Biometer Combo and OA 2000 in patients wearing orthokeratology lenses.METHODS: A prospective study. A total of 148 patients(148 eyes)who were wearing orthokeratology lenses and returned for follow-up at the Shanghai Eye Disease Prevention and Treatment Center from August to September 2024 were included. Biometric measurements were performed using both the ARK Biometer Combo and OA 2000. Parameters including axial length(AL), corneal central thickness(CCT), anterior chamber depth(ACD), lens thickness(LT), corneal curvature(Kf and Ks), astigmatism(AST), white-to-white corneal diameter(WTW)and pupil diameter(PD)were obtained. Differences in measurement parameters between the two biometers were compared, and agreement was assessed.RESULTS: There were no statistically significant differences in the measurements of Kf, Ks and AST between the two biometers(P>0.05). Statistically significant differences were found in the measurements of AL, CCT, ACD, LT, WTW and PD(t=2.559, P=0.012; t=16.771, P<0.0001; t=4.749, P<0.0001; t=-15.212, P<0.0001; t=-14.915, P<0.0001; t=-2.402, P=0.018). ICC ranged from 0.615 to 0.999. Bland-Altman analysis showed that the maximum absolute values of the 95% limits of agreement(LoA)of AL, CCT, ACD, LT, Kf, Ks, AST, WTW and PD were 0.07 mm, 35.07 μm, 0.07 mm, 0.12 mm, 0.66 D, 1.14 D, 1.00 D, 0.76 mm, and 0.98 mm, respectively.CONCLUSION: In orthokeratology patients, the ARK Biometer Combo and OA 2000 showed good agreement in measuring AL, CCT, ACD, Kf and LT, and can be used interchangeably.

OBJECTIVES: To explore the therapeutic mechanism of Guizhi Fuling (GZFL) Pellets against cervical cancer. METHODS: Publicly available databases were used to identify the targets of GZFL Pellets and cervical cancer to construct the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, followed by GO biological process and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis of the hub genes. The "Traditional Chinese Medicine-Active Ingredients-Targets-Pathways" network for GZFL Pellets in cervical cancer treatment was generated using Cytoscape v10.0.0, and molecular docking of the drug and potential targets was performed to predict the specific targets of active components in Guizhi Fuling Pellets. The inhibitory effects of hederagenin, an active ingredient in GZFL Pellets, was tested in cultured cervical cancer cells and in nude mice bearing cervical cancer xenografts. RESULTS: GZFL Pellets contain 338 active components targeting 247 action sites. A total of 10127 cervical cancer-related targets were obtained, and among them 195 were identified as potential therapeutic targets of GZFL Pellets for cervical cancer treatment, including the key targets of GABRA1, PTK2, JAK2, HTR3A, GSR, and IL-17. Molecular docking study showed low binding energies of the active components such as hederagenin, campesterol, and stigmasterol for protein-molecule interaction. GO enrichment analysis suggested that GZFL Pellets inhibited cervical cancer primarily by regulating responses to steroid hormones, oxidative stress, and lipopolysaccharides. Among the active components of GZFL Pellets, hederagenin was found to inhibit cervical cancer cells in vitro and significantly reduced STAT3 phosphorylation level in the cancer cells. In nude mice bearing cervical cancer xenografts, hederagenin effectively inhibited tumor growth rate without causing obvious adverse effects. CONCLUSIONS GZFL Pellets inhibit cervical cancer cell growth through its multiple active components that target different pathways. Among these components, hederagenin inhibits tumor cell growth possibly by directly binding to JAK2 protein to inhibit STAT3 phosphorylation.
Female ; Animals ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/pathology* ; Mice, Nude ; Humans ; Mice ; Oleanolic Acid/therapeutic use* ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/therapeutic use* ; Molecular Docking Simulation ; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays ; Cell Line, Tumor ; STAT3 Transcription Factor/metabolism* ; Protein Interaction Maps ; Janus Kinase 2/metabolism*

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to evaluate the repeatability and reliability of a self-developed domestic wireless surface electromyography (sEMG) system (Oralmetry) in assessing the activity of the temporalis and masseter muscles to provide theoretical support for its clinical application. METHODS: Twenty-two volunteers were recruited. Through multiple repeated measurements, the sEMG signals of bilateral anterior temporalis and masseter muscles during maximum voluntary clenching were collected using the self-developed sEMG device, Oralmetry, and two commercial sEMG devices (Zebris and Teethan), filtered, screened, and standardized. Seven sEMG indicators for assessing masticatory muscle function were calculated. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to evaluate the repeatability of the measurements from the three sEMG devices, and statistical analysis was conducted to compare the consistency of the seven sEMG indicators obtained from the devices. RESULTS: Among the 22 participants, the ICC values of the repeated measurements from the three sEMG devices ranged from 0.88 to 0.99. The measurements of three sEMG indicators (antero-posterior coeffificient, percentage overlapping coeffificient_MM, and percentage overlapping coeffificient_TA) obtained by Zebris were significantly different from those obtained by Oralmetry and Teethan (P<0.05). No significant differences in the measurements of the seven sEMG indicators were found between Oralmetry and Teethan. CONCLUSIONS Oralmetry and the two commercial sEMG devices demonstrated good repeatability in capturing sEMG indicators for evaluating masticatory muscle function. In particular, Oralmetry showed the highest ICC values. All three devices also exhibited good consistency in measuring sEMG indicators, and a high agreement was observed between the two wireless sEMG devices (Oralmetry and Teethan). These findings provide theoretical support for the clinical application of Oralmetry.
Humans ; Electromyography/methods* ; Masseter Muscle/physiology* ; Masticatory Muscles/physiology* ; Wireless Technology ; Reproducibility of Results ; Temporal Muscle/physiology* ; Male ; Adult ; Female ; Young Adult

Microbiota can be recognized by the human immune system,trigger specific immune responses,and play a significant role in the onset and progression of diseases through intricate regulatory mechanisms.The tumor microenvironment comprises the peritumoral extracellular matrix,immune cells,tumor-associated fibroblasts,and endothelial cells,among others.In this context,the tumor immune microenvironment,characterized by immune cells,significantly influences cancer progression and treatment.Notably,the tumor immune microenvironment is closely associated with the tumor microbiota.The presence of respiratory microbiota is correlated with the typing and staging of non-small cell lung cancer.This study investigated the mechanisms by which respiratory microbiota affect innate and adaptive immune cells within the tumor immune microenvironment and explored the role of respiratory microbiota in the immunotherapy of non-small cell lung cancer.The aim was to identify potential biomarkers that could enhance the diagnosis and treatment of non-small cell lung cancer.

Objective:To compare the clinical and radiological outcomes between the ankle dislocation exposure versus the traditional posterolateral approach exposure in the treatment of complex posterior ankle malunion.Methods:This retrospective study analyzed the 50 patients (50 feet) with posterior ankle malunion who had been treated at Department of Foot and Ankle Orthopedics, Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine from May 2015 to June 2023. This cohort included 18 males and 32 females, with an age of (46.2±12.0) years. The duration from injury to surgery averaged 7.0 (4.0, 12.2) months. The patients were divided into 2 groups based on the surgical exposure methods: an ankle dislocation group (22 cases) in which the posterior ankle malunion was exposed by ankle dislocation before reduction and fixation, and a traditional posterolateral approach group (28 cases) in which the posterior ankle malunion was exposed by the traditional posterolateral approach before reduction and fixation. Evaluation indices included operative time, ankle arthritis grading, incidence of complications, as well as pre-operative and last follow-up recordings of distal tibial articular angle and joint step-off, visual analogue scale (VAS) pain score, and ankle-hindfoot score of American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle society (AOFAS).Results:There was no significant difference in the baseline data between the 2 groups, indicating comparability ( P>0.05). The average follow-up was (39.4±17.9) months. The operative time in the dislocation group [(95.8±9.9) min] was significantly shorter than that in the posterolateral approach group [(121.9±14.3) min] ( P<0.05). The step-off on the distal tibial articular surface at the last follow-up in the dislocation group [0.3 (0.0, 0.9) mm] was significantly lower than that in the posterolateral approach group [1.0 (0.3, 1.1) mm] ( P<0.05). The grading of ankle arthritis was significantly worse in the posterolateral approach group than that in the dislocation group ( P<0.05). There were no differences in distal tibial articular angle, VAS pain score, AOFAS ankle-hindfoot score, or postoperative complications between the 2 groups at the last follow-up ( P>0.05). Conclusions:Both ankle dislocation exposure and traditional posterolateral approach exposure yield satisfactory clinical and radiological outcomes in patients with complex posterior ankle malunion. However, the ankle dislocation exposure offers a novel method for direct visualization of the malunion on multiple planes, which is more advantageous for restoration of the anatomical consistency of the distal tibial articular surface.

BACKGROUND:The elastic modulus of bone-cartilage integration scaffolds differs significantly from that of natural bone-cartilage tissue,which can lead to a stress shield effect.As a result,the implants become loose and deformed,affecting the repair of osteochondral tissue.Cell gradient scaffolds made by axial direction three-period minimal surface have the same porosity and elasticity modulus as the human body,which provides a new idea for bone-cartilage scaffold design.OBJECTIVE:To study the effect of cell type and pore size on the mechanical properties of cell gradient scaffolds.METHODS:Three basic cells of Gyroid(G)type,Diamond(D)type,and Primitive(P)type were used.Through mathematical modeling of three-period minimal surface,different sizes and types of cells were used in the gradient region.A total of six kinds of cell gradient scaffolds(G-2P-4D,P-2D-4G,D-2P-4D,G-2D-4P,P-2G-4D,and D-2G-4P)were constructed and mechanical experiments and simulation experiments were conducted to evaluate the mechanical properties of the scaffolds.Flow performance parameters of the fluids in the scaffolds were obtained through computational fluid dynamics simulation.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Finite element mechanical simulation and compression experiment showed that P-2G-4D and P-2D-4G with the highest elastic modulus(148.67 MPa and 152.1 MPa),bearing a higher body load,improved the stability of the scaffold.The stress distribution in D-2P-4G was even and effectively reduced stress concentration,so that the connection function area could effectively transfer stress and reduce stress shielding.Flow rate was changing the least in G-2D-4P(0.10-0.48 mm/s).Permeability was higher than other scaffolds so that body fluids were able to flow though the gradient scaffold after implantation.This design method provides a new idea for the design of osteochondral scaffolds,and the simulation analysis results also provide a reference for the prediction of bone integration after implantation of scaffolds.

LHFPL5 gene is involved in the electromechanical conduction of cochlear hair cells and plays an important role in maintaining hearing and balance functions.This review aims to investigate the mechanism of LHF-PL5 gene and its related proteins in the pathogenesis of hearing loss.We analyzed the hearing loss caused by LHF-PL5 gene mutation,and discussed the characteristics of hearing loss population.The molecular etiology of deafness caused by LHFPL5 gene was discussed through the conclusion and summary of the study results,which provided a basis for whether LHFPL5 gene screening was necessary for deaf people in China,and provided theoretical guidance for subsequent basic research and clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Spectral computed tomography (CT) has triggered a technological revolution in radiodiagnosis while demonstrating its increasing application value in radiotherapy. Employing dual-energy techniques for material decomposition, spectral CT provides optimized solutions for several critical aspects of radiotherapy. Based on a review of the application situation of spectral CT in radiotherapy, this study delved into spectral CT′s significant advantages in image quality improvement, precise dose calculation, and comprehensive quantitative assessment. Furthermore, this study envisioned the development orientations and application prospects of spectral CT.

Spectral computed tomography (CT) has triggered a technological revolution in radiodiagnosis while demonstrating its increasing application value in radiotherapy. Employing dual-energy techniques for material decomposition, spectral CT provides optimized solutions for several critical aspects of radiotherapy. Based on a review of the application situation of spectral CT in radiotherapy, this study delved into spectral CT′s significant advantages in image quality improvement, precise dose calculation, and comprehensive quantitative assessment. Furthermore, this study envisioned the development orientations and application prospects of spectral CT.