BACKGROUND:Pearl powder is rich in many active ingredients,which can promote the proliferation and migration of fibroblasts,thus promoting wound healing and skin tissue regeneration.However,the effect of nano-pearl powder water-soluble matrix on proliferation,migration and apoptosis of mouse fibroblasts L929 has not been reported.OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of nano-pearl powder water-soluble matrix on the proliferation,migration and apoptosis of mouse fibroblasts L929.METHODS:Passage 6 L929 cells were divided into five groups.The negative control group did not add any material;the positive control group added PBS,and the low,medium and high mass concentration groups of water-soluble matrix were added with 10,25 and 40 μg/mL of nano-pearl powder water-soluble matrix,respectively.The proliferation of L929 cells was detected by MTT assay.The migration ability of L929 cells was detected by Transwell.The apoptosis rate of L929 cells was detected by flow cytometry.The expressions of apoptosis-related proteins Bax,Bcl-2,and Caspase-1 were detected by western blot assay.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)The results of MTT assay and Transwell chamber experiment showed that the water-soluble matrix of nano-pearl powder could promote the proliferation and migration of L929 cells,and it was concentration dependent.(2)Flow cytometry and western blot assay results showed that the water-soluble matrix of nano-pearl powder could reduce the apoptosis rate of L929 cells and the protein expression of Bax and Caspase-1,and increase the expression of Bcl-2 protein,and it was concentration dependent.(3)These findings exhibited that the water-soluble matrix of nano-pearl powder could inhibit cell apoptosis under high mass concentration treatment.The results show that the water-soluble matrix of nano-pearl powder can promote the proliferation and migration of fibroblasts and inhibit the apoptosis of fibroblasts.

BACKGROUND:Pearl powder is rich in many active ingredients,which can promote the proliferation and migration of fibroblasts,thus promoting wound healing and skin tissue regeneration.However,the effect of nano-pearl powder water-soluble matrix on proliferation,migration and apoptosis of mouse fibroblasts L929 has not been reported.OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of nano-pearl powder water-soluble matrix on the proliferation,migration and apoptosis of mouse fibroblasts L929.METHODS:Passage 6 L929 cells were divided into five groups.The negative control group did not add any material;the positive control group added PBS,and the low,medium and high mass concentration groups of water-soluble matrix were added with 10,25 and 40 μg/mL of nano-pearl powder water-soluble matrix,respectively.The proliferation of L929 cells was detected by MTT assay.The migration ability of L929 cells was detected by Transwell.The apoptosis rate of L929 cells was detected by flow cytometry.The expressions of apoptosis-related proteins Bax,Bcl-2,and Caspase-1 were detected by western blot assay.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)The results of MTT assay and Transwell chamber experiment showed that the water-soluble matrix of nano-pearl powder could promote the proliferation and migration of L929 cells,and it was concentration dependent.(2)Flow cytometry and western blot assay results showed that the water-soluble matrix of nano-pearl powder could reduce the apoptosis rate of L929 cells and the protein expression of Bax and Caspase-1,and increase the expression of Bcl-2 protein,and it was concentration dependent.(3)These findings exhibited that the water-soluble matrix of nano-pearl powder could inhibit cell apoptosis under high mass concentration treatment.The results show that the water-soluble matrix of nano-pearl powder can promote the proliferation and migration of fibroblasts and inhibit the apoptosis of fibroblasts.

This paper summarizes Professor WANG Xixing's clinical experience in treating immune checkpoint inhibitor-related pneumonitis （CIP） based on the theory of "cough attributed to the five zang （脏） organs". Cough is a common predominant symptom of CIP. According to the theory of "cough attributed to the five zang organs"， drug toxicity triggers cancer toxin， leading to disharmony among the five zang organs， and then lung failing to diffuse and govern descent as the core pathogenesis. Therefore， treatment should focus on harmonizing the five zang organs to restore the normal function of lung qi to diffuse and govern descent. In clinical practice， CIP can be classified into four syndrome patterns， including lung yin depletion， deficiency of both the lung and the spleen with phlegm-dampness， liver fire harassing the lung， and lung-kidney yin deficiency. Correspondingly， Chaimai Jinluo Runfei Decoction （柴麦金络润肺汤） is used to nourish yin and moisten the lung； Qigui Peitu Huayin Decoction （芪桂培土化饮汤） is used to fortify the spleen and tonify the lung， resolve dampness and dispel phlegm； Chaidan Shuyu Runjin Decoction （柴丹疏郁润金汤） is used to drain liver and clear the lung； and Dimai Jinshui Xiangsheng Decoction （地脉金水相生汤） is used to nourish the kidney and moisten the lung.

To evaluate the application value of the Peyton four-step teaching method in the standardized training of intestinal ultrasound and compare it with traditional teaching methods, so as to provide an optimized approach for clinical ultrasound training.

Objective To observe the value of hypoperfusion intensity ratio(HIR)of CT perfusion(CTP)for predicting infarct core progression and prognosis of acute ischemic stroke(AIS).Methods Totally 271 AIS patients were retrospectively enrolled and divided into rapid progression group(group A,n=92)and slow progression group(group B,n=179)according to infarction growth rate(IGR).Clinical data,CTP parameters,treatment strategies and patients' outcome were compared between groups.Receiver operating characteristic curve was drawn,the area under the curve(AUC)was calculated to evaluate the efficacy of HIR for predicting rapid progression in infarct core of AIS.The mediating relationships among HIR,IGR and modified Rankin scale(mRS)90 days after treatment were analyzed.Results Significant differences of National Institute of Health stroke scale(NIHSS)score,Alberta stroke program early CT score(ASPECTS),also of interval time between onset and CTP,infarct core volume,hypoperfusion volume,HIR,whether intravenous thrombolysis and mRS score 90 days after treatments were found between groups(all P＜0.05).The AUC of HIR for predicting infarct core progression of AIS was 0.856,with sensitivity and specificity was 73.91％and 81.56％,respectively,when the optimal cutoff value was 0.42.IGR was a complete mediating variable between HIR and mRS score 90 days after treatment.Conclusion HIR of CTP could be used to effectively predict infarct core progression of AIS,which completely affected prognosis through mediating variable IGR.

Objective:To design a device for exercise to frozen shoulder,and explore its application effect.Methods:The main body of the device for exercise to frozen shoulder adopted stainless steel,which included horizontal frame and adjustable vertical column.It is suitable to the functional rehabilitation of the shoulder in patients with frozen shoulder or postoperative joint adhesions on shoulder.Fifty patients with frozen shoulder who admitted to Zunyi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine between July 2019 and December 2022 were selected.They were randomly divided into observation group(n=25)and control group(n=25)by using a random number table.Both groups received injection therapy via anterior glenohumeral joint cavity.The observation group underwent treatment using the device for exercise to frozen shoulder,while the control group received conventionally functional exercises for shoulder.The Visual Analog Scale(VAS)scores,Shoulder Pain and Disability Index(SPADI)scores,and the range of motion(ROM)of shoulder were compared between the two groups at different periods before and after treatment.Results:VAS and SPADI scores in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group at the 2nd week,the 2nd month,and the 6th month post-treatment(t=3.368,3.597,4.363,t=2.301,3.553,3.513,P<0.05).Flexion and abduction ROM of shoulder in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group at the 2nd week,the 2nd month,and the 6th month post-treatment(t=3.116,2.909,3.687,t=2.299,2.171,2.413,P<0.05).External rotation ROM of shoulder in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group at the 2nd month and the 6th month post-treatment(t=2.501,3.576,P<0.05).Furthermore,there were significant differences in the VAS and SPADI scores of observation group among before treatment and after 2 weeks,2 months,and 6 months of treatment(F=8.021,6.108,P<0.05).Similarly,there were significant differences in flexion,abduction and external rotation ROM of shoulder in the observation group among before treatment and after 2 weeks,2 months,and 6 months of treatment(F=8.412,10.261,4.085,P<0.05).Conclusion:The self-designed device for exercise is safe and effective in short-term adjunctive treatment to frozen shoulder,which is one kind of alternative tool that is contribute to rehabilitation of frozen shoulder.

Objective:To gain a understanding of the occurrence of cognitive impairment among residents in drinking water-borne endemic fluorosis (drinking water-borne fluorosis) areas, and to study its influencing factors.Methods:In March 2023, a cluster sampling method was used to select local residents aged 18 and above from the drinking water-borne fluorosis areas in Jishan County, Shanxi Province as survey subjects. General demographic data were collected through face-to-face surveys, and a random urine sample was collected once to determine urinary fluoride level. Cognitive function was assessed using the mini-mental state examination (MMSE), and the survey subjects were divided into a cognitive impairment group ( < 27 points) and a control group (27 - 30 points) based on the MMSE scores. A multiple logistic regression model and a decision tree model based on chi-squared automatic interaction detector were constructed to analyze the factors affecting cognitive impairment, and the model fitting effect was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.Results:A total of 3 301 subjects were included in the survey, including 2 081 females and 1 220 males. There were 1 515 subjects < 60 years old and 1 786 subjects ≥60 years old, with urinary fluoride level [ M ( Q1, Q3)] of 2.92 (1.78, 4.54) mg/L. There were 1 939 cases in the cognitive impairment group and 1 362 cases in the control group, with a detection rate of 58.74% (1 939/3 301) for cognitive impairment; and the differences in gender, age, education level, marital status, annual household income, alcohol consumption, smoking distribution, and urinary fluoride level between the two groups were statistically significant ( P < 0.05). The results of multiple logistic regression analysis showed that female, ≥60 years, and urinary fluoride > 4.54 mg/L were risk factors for cognitive impairment [ OR (95% CI): 1.25 (1.01, 1.54), 2.66 (2.26, 3.14), 1.32 (1.06, 1.65), P < 0.05]. Education level of primary school or above, annual household income≥12 000 yuan, and mild alcohol consumption were protective factors for cognitive impairment [ OR (95% CI): 0.15 (0.09, 0.25), 0.58 (0.48, 0.68), 0.67 (0.51, 0.87), P < 0.05]. The analysis results of the decision tree model showed that age had the greatest impact on the occurrence of cognitive impairment, followed by annual household income, education level, and urinary fluoride. The areas under the ROC curves of the multiple logistic regression and decision tree model were 0.72 and 0.70 ( P < 0.001), respectively, indicating good model fitting performance. Conclusion:The detection rate of cognitive impairment in residents of drinking water-borne fluorosis areas is relatively high, and age, annual household income, education level, and urinary fluoride are all influencing factors for occurrence of cognitive impairment.

Objective:To investigate the association between urinary arsenic, selenium, and chromium levels and the risk and predisposing factors of diabetes mellitus in people with previous endemic arsenic exposure.Methods:From September to December 2024, 240 residents in the drinking-water-borne endemic arsenic disease area in Hohhot were taken as the study subjects. They were divided into an exposed group ( n = 91) and a non-exposed group ( n = 149) based on whether they had suffered from arsenism in the past. The exposed group was further divided into diabetes and non diabetes subgroups ( n = 54, 37) based on the prevalence of diabetes, and the diabetes subgroup was further divided into type 1 and type 2 diabetes subgroups ( n = 23, 31) based on the type of diabetes. Questionnaire survey was conducted to investigate the basic situation, measure fasting blood glucose, and determine the levels of arsenic, selenium, and chromium in urine by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to assess the risk factors of diabetes mellitus. Results:The difference of prevalence of diabetes mellitus was statistically significant between the exposed group and non-exposed group [59.3% (54/91) vs. 41.6% (62/149), χ2 = 7.11, P = 0.008]. The levels of urinary arsenic, selenium, and chromium in the exposed group were higher than those in the non-exposed group ( t = - 2.00, - 2.14, - 2.18, P < 0.05). There were statistically significant differences in urinary arsenic level, body mass index (BMI), the distribution of age, smoking status, and gender between the diabetes patients and non-diabetes patients in the exposed group ( t = 2.20, 3.57, χ2 = 10.76, 5.23, 4.01, P < 0.05). The difference of urinary arsenic levels were statistically significant between patients with type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes in the exposed group ( t = - 2.06, P = 0.048). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that BMI, age, sex, smoking, and urinary arsenic levels were risk factors for diabetes ( P < 0.05). For every 1-unit increase in urinary arsenic, fasting blood glucose levels increased by 0.057 times (95% CI: 0.018 - 0.103, P = 0.029). Conclusions:There is a significant correlation between the urine arsenic level of people with previous endemic arsenic exposure and diabetes, especially type 2 diabetes. Men, smoking, overweight, age ≥65 years, and high urinary arsenic level are risk factors for diabetes.

Objective:To study the impact of fluoride exposure through drinking water on the risk of hypertension among residents in Jishan County, Shanxi Province.Methods:From March to April 2023, a cluster sampling method was used to select permanent residents aged ≥18 years and residing for ≥10 years in 12 villages in drinking water-borne endemic fluorosis areas of Jishan County, Shanxi Province as the survey subjects. A questionnaire survey, physical examination, and morning urinary fluoride level testing were conducted. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (Lasso) regression were used to analyze the key influencing factors of hypertension. Restricted cubic spline was used to evaluate the linear relationship between urinary fluoride and hypertension. Logistic regression was used to analyze the impact of urinary fluoride on hypertension.Results:Finally, 2 453 survey subjects were included, aged (62 ± 10) years, including 1 565 patients (63.80%) with hypertension. There were significant differences in the distribution of age, gender, education level, annual household income, body mass index (BMI), and the level and distribution of urinary fluoride between hypertension group and normal blood pressure group ( P < 0.05). The Lasso regression results showed that age, education level, BMI, and urinary fluoride were the key influencing factors of hypertension, with coefficients of 1.04, - 0.12, 0.24 and 0.01, respectively. The results of the restricted cubic spline showed that there was a linear relationship between urinary fluoride and hypertension after adjusting for age, education level, and BMI ( Poverall = 0.018, Pnonlinear = 0.482). The logistic regression results showed that after adjusting for age, education level, and BMI, urinary fluoride > 4.68 mg/L was a risk factor for hypertension ( OR = 1.42, 95% CI: 1.10 - 1.84, P = 0.007). Conclusion:High urinary fluoride is a risk factor for hypertension in drinking water-borne endemic fluorosis areas of Jishan County, Shanxi Province.

BACKGROUND:The elastic modulus of bone-cartilage integration scaffolds differs significantly from that of natural bone-cartilage tissue,which can lead to a stress shield effect.As a result,the implants become loose and deformed,affecting the repair of osteochondral tissue.Cell gradient scaffolds made by axial direction three-period minimal surface have the same porosity and elasticity modulus as the human body,which provides a new idea for bone-cartilage scaffold design.OBJECTIVE:To study the effect of cell type and pore size on the mechanical properties of cell gradient scaffolds.METHODS:Three basic cells of Gyroid(G)type,Diamond(D)type,and Primitive(P)type were used.Through mathematical modeling of three-period minimal surface,different sizes and types of cells were used in the gradient region.A total of six kinds of cell gradient scaffolds(G-2P-4D,P-2D-4G,D-2P-4D,G-2D-4P,P-2G-4D,and D-2G-4P)were constructed and mechanical experiments and simulation experiments were conducted to evaluate the mechanical properties of the scaffolds.Flow performance parameters of the fluids in the scaffolds were obtained through computational fluid dynamics simulation.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Finite element mechanical simulation and compression experiment showed that P-2G-4D and P-2D-4G with the highest elastic modulus(148.67 MPa and 152.1 MPa),bearing a higher body load,improved the stability of the scaffold.The stress distribution in D-2P-4G was even and effectively reduced stress concentration,so that the connection function area could effectively transfer stress and reduce stress shielding.Flow rate was changing the least in G-2D-4P(0.10-0.48 mm/s).Permeability was higher than other scaffolds so that body fluids were able to flow though the gradient scaffold after implantation.This design method provides a new idea for the design of osteochondral scaffolds,and the simulation analysis results also provide a reference for the prediction of bone integration after implantation of scaffolds.