ObjectiveTo construct a competency model for "dual-qualified" teachers in vocational undergraduate rehabilitation therapy programs based on the World Health Organization's rehabilitation competency framework (RCF) and relevant domestic and international standards, and explore the training pathways for rehabilitation therapy teachers in China. MethodsLiterature analysis and comparative research methods were employed to systematically review RCF, physiotherapist-education-framework-FINAL, the Minimum-Standards-for-the-Education-of-Occupational-Therapists, and the "dual-qualified" teacher standards in vocational education for China. Focusing on the characteristics of vocational undergraduate talent cultivation, it took the integration of the "educator-clinical rehabilitation therapist" dual roles as its starting point, combining rehabilitation industry competence with educator standards as its basic principle, and using RCF as its foundational dimension. It then integrated advanced competency dimensions required of vocational undergraduate teachers to form a dimensional framework. Following the systematic curriculum development concept of the work process, the core activities of each dimension were designed by combining, improving and expanding the concept integration method, and describing the ability characteristics in a graded and progressive manner, to construct a model. ResultsThis model was guided by the core concepts of three types of values ​​and four types of professional beliefs. Vertically, it encompassed 28 activities across eight competency dimensions, including teaching practice, rehabilitation practice, digital literacy, professionalism, learning and development, management and leadership, applied research, and social service. Horizontally, it encompassed 53 corresponding competency characteristics across three advanced levels (beginner, intermediate and advanced). ConclusionThis model, through its vertical dimension design and horizontal progressive development, clearly describes the advancement of vocational undergraduate rehabilitation therapy teachers from newly hired teachers to backbone teachers and professional leaders. It not only aligns with the general requirements of the national standards for "dual-qualified" teachers in higher vocational colleges in China, but also incorporates an international perspective on rehabilitation education and practice, and possesses the characteristics of vocational undergraduate education that integrates multiple abilities and roles. At the theoretical level, it provides core theoretical support for establishing standardized and internationalized "dual-qualified" teacher standards for vocational undergraduate rehabilitation therapy programs in China; at the practical level, it serves as an "action map" for teacher professional development, assessment and evaluation, providing a key reference for constructing a systematic high-end skilled rehabilitation talent training system.

ObjectiveTo construct a competency model for "dual-qualified" teachers in vocational undergraduate rehabilitation therapy programs based on the World Health Organization's rehabilitation competency framework (RCF) and relevant domestic and international standards, and explore the training pathways for rehabilitation therapy teachers in China. MethodsLiterature analysis and comparative research methods were employed to systematically review RCF, physiotherapist-education-framework-FINAL, the Minimum-Standards-for-the-Education-of-Occupational-Therapists, and the "dual-qualified" teacher standards in vocational education for China. Focusing on the characteristics of vocational undergraduate talent cultivation, it took the integration of the "educator-clinical rehabilitation therapist" dual roles as its starting point, combining rehabilitation industry competence with educator standards as its basic principle, and using RCF as its foundational dimension. It then integrated advanced competency dimensions required of vocational undergraduate teachers to form a dimensional framework. Following the systematic curriculum development concept of the work process, the core activities of each dimension were designed by combining, improving and expanding the concept integration method, and describing the ability characteristics in a graded and progressive manner, to construct a model. ResultsThis model was guided by the core concepts of three types of values ​​and four types of professional beliefs. Vertically, it encompassed 28 activities across eight competency dimensions, including teaching practice, rehabilitation practice, digital literacy, professionalism, learning and development, management and leadership, applied research, and social service. Horizontally, it encompassed 53 corresponding competency characteristics across three advanced levels (beginner, intermediate and advanced). ConclusionThis model, through its vertical dimension design and horizontal progressive development, clearly describes the advancement of vocational undergraduate rehabilitation therapy teachers from newly hired teachers to backbone teachers and professional leaders. It not only aligns with the general requirements of the national standards for "dual-qualified" teachers in higher vocational colleges in China, but also incorporates an international perspective on rehabilitation education and practice, and possesses the characteristics of vocational undergraduate education that integrates multiple abilities and roles. At the theoretical level, it provides core theoretical support for establishing standardized and internationalized "dual-qualified" teacher standards for vocational undergraduate rehabilitation therapy programs in China; at the practical level, it serves as an "action map" for teacher professional development, assessment and evaluation, providing a key reference for constructing a systematic high-end skilled rehabilitation talent training system.

ObjectiveTo construct a competency model for "dual-qualified" teachers in vocational undergraduate rehabilitation therapy programs based on the World Health Organization's rehabilitation competency framework (RCF) and relevant domestic and international standards, and explore the training pathways for rehabilitation therapy teachers in China. MethodsLiterature analysis and comparative research methods were employed to systematically review RCF, physiotherapist-education-framework-FINAL, the Minimum-Standards-for-the-Education-of-Occupational-Therapists, and the "dual-qualified" teacher standards in vocational education for China. Focusing on the characteristics of vocational undergraduate talent cultivation, it took the integration of the "educator-clinical rehabilitation therapist" dual roles as its starting point, combining rehabilitation industry competence with educator standards as its basic principle, and using RCF as its foundational dimension. It then integrated advanced competency dimensions required of vocational undergraduate teachers to form a dimensional framework. Following the systematic curriculum development concept of the work process, the core activities of each dimension were designed by combining, improving and expanding the concept integration method, and describing the ability characteristics in a graded and progressive manner, to construct a model. ResultsThis model was guided by the core concepts of three types of values ​​and four types of professional beliefs. Vertically, it encompassed 28 activities across eight competency dimensions, including teaching practice, rehabilitation practice, digital literacy, professionalism, learning and development, management and leadership, applied research, and social service. Horizontally, it encompassed 53 corresponding competency characteristics across three advanced levels (beginner, intermediate and advanced). ConclusionThis model, through its vertical dimension design and horizontal progressive development, clearly describes the advancement of vocational undergraduate rehabilitation therapy teachers from newly hired teachers to backbone teachers and professional leaders. It not only aligns with the general requirements of the national standards for "dual-qualified" teachers in higher vocational colleges in China, but also incorporates an international perspective on rehabilitation education and practice, and possesses the characteristics of vocational undergraduate education that integrates multiple abilities and roles. At the theoretical level, it provides core theoretical support for establishing standardized and internationalized "dual-qualified" teacher standards for vocational undergraduate rehabilitation therapy programs in China; at the practical level, it serves as an "action map" for teacher professional development, assessment and evaluation, providing a key reference for constructing a systematic high-end skilled rehabilitation talent training system.

OBJECTIVE To formulate Guidelines for the standardized implementation of pharmacist-managed clinics （ 2026 edition ） in response to the challenges faced by such clinics in China， including uneven development， large discrepancies in service specifications， insufficient patient awareness， and limited medical insurance coverage. METHODS Led by the Pharmaceutical Affairs Professional Committee of the Chinese Hospital Association， the Evidence-based Pharmacy Professional Committee of the Chinese Pharmaceutical Association， and the Hospital Pharmacy Professional Committee of the Cross-strait Medical and Health Exchange Association， a total of 19 domestic hospital pharmacy experts were organized. Through a systematic review of national policies and literature research， current practical experience was summarized. Consensus on the contents of the guidelines was reached after in-depth discussions. RESULTS &CONCLUSIONS The guidelines covered five sections： definition and connotation of pharmacist-managed clinics， establishment requirements， implementation and management， post competency， and practical research. Firstly， the definition and connotation included three operational forms of pharmacist-managed clinics （independent mode， physician-pharmacist joint mode， and online pharmacist-managed clinic mode） and classified service modes （specialty-specific， drug-specific， and disease-specific pharmacist-managed clinics）. The establishment requirements were further refined， covering system construction （pharmaceutical service management system， quality control and assessment mechanism）， personnel qualifications （professional credentials， continuing education and professional training， etc）， service recipients， as well as service venues and facilities. Subsequently， the implementation and management of pharmacist-managed clinics were proposed， involving service procedures， intervention measures， documentation and records， patient education and follow-up， humanistic care， as well as risk management and quality control. Finally， post competency encompassed the competency requirements for pharmacists providing services in pharmacist-managed clinics， as well as the suggestions on teaching methods； practical research encouraged the conduct of high-quality pharmaceutical practice in the setting of pharmacist-managed clinics. The guidelines provide valuable guidance for the standardized implementation of pharmacist-managed clinics in China in terms of establishment， management， teaching， and research， fill the guideline gap in this field， and can promote the high-quality development of pharmacist-managed clinics.

ObjectiveTo investigate the correlation between sleep patterns and myopia progression among younger school-age children at a primary school in Changning District of Shanghai, based on the data from the Shanghai Students’ Common Diseases and Health Influencing Factors Monitoring System and a sleep-specific survey, so as to provide data support for myopia prevention and control in this age group. MethodsOne primary school was selected from the common diseases and health influencing factors monitoring system for students in Changning District, Shanghai. A total of 230 first-grade students were included in the study. Myopia and refractive parameters were examined, and sleep patterns were investigated. General demographic characteristics and myopia-related behavior data of the students were also collected. Sleep patterns were evaluated in terms of sleep duration, sleep efficiency, and sleep quality, with the latter assessed using the Chinese version of the Children’s Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ). Multiple linear regression and binary logistic regression models were used to analyze the association between sleep patterns and myopia progression among these students. ResultsThe results of the regression analyses revealed that the total CSHQ score of the students at baseline survey was (48.85±7.15) points. Their sleep efficiency was (94.49±8.48)%, sleep duration was (9.58±0.93) hours, and the proportion of those with insufficient sleep (<10 hours) was 78.26%. At baseline survey, students’ higher daytime sleepiness scores were associated with lower spherical equivalent (SE) ( β=-0.18, 95%CI: -0.31 to -0.04) and an increased risk of axial length (AL) / corneal radius (CR) ratio >3 (OR=1.52, 95%CI: 1.00 to 2.29), whereas longer sleep duration and higher sleep efficiency were associated with higher SE (β=0.18, 95%CI: 0.05 to 0.32; β=0.17, 95%CI: 0.04 to 0.31, respectively), shorter (AL) (β=-0.15, 95%CI: -0.27 to -0.03; β=-0.13, 95%CI: -0.25 to 0, respectively) and a reduced risk of AL /CR>3 (OR=0.70, 95%CI: 0.51 to 0.96; OR=0.73, 95%CI: 0.53 to 0.99, respectively). At baseline survey, children’s higher propensity for sleep problems (OR=1.70, 95%CI: 1.04 to 2.78), sleep resistance (OR=2.26, 95%CI: 1.36 to 3.75), and sleep anxiety scores (OR=2.15, 95%CI: 1.33 to 3.48) were all associated with an increased risk of AL/CR >3 at follow-up (all P<0.05). Furthermore, higher sleep anxiety scores predicted prolonged AL at follow-up (β=0.03, 95%CI: 0 to 0.05). According to the mixed-effects model, higher daytime sleepiness scores and prolonged sleep duration were independently linked to reduced right-eye SE (β=-0.05, 95%CI: -0.10 to 0, P<0.05) and shorter right-eye AL (β=-0.05, 95%CI: -0.10 to 0, P<0.05). ConclusionIn this school in Shanghai, there are problems of insufficient and poor-quality sleep among young children. Sleep problems such as sleep resistance, delayed sleep onset, sleep anxiety, and daytime sleepiness among children may accelerate the risk of myopia progression, while longer sleep duration and higher sleep efficiency may serve as protective factors against the occurrence and development of myopia.

Objective:To observe the early clinical efficacy of 3D-printed modular supporting prosthesis for reconstruction of lacunar bone defect caused by giant cell tumor of the distal femur.Methods:From May 2018 to July 2023, a total of 9 patients with giant cell tumor of the distal femur were treated with 3D-printed modular supporting prosthesis to reconstruct lacunar bone defects in the Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University. There were 4 males and 5 females, aged 30.8±6.1 years (range, 24-44 years), 5 cases on the left side, 4 cases on the right side, 2 cases of Campanacci grade I, 7 cases of Campanacci grade II. The anteroposterior and lateral X-ray films and T-SMART tomosynthesis imaging of the knee joint were taken to observe the bone graft healing and osseointegration after operation. Musculoskeletal Tumor Society (MSTS)-93 was used to evaluate knee function, and visual analogue scale (VAS) was used to evaluate knee pain.Results:All patients were successfully operated and followed up for an average of 30.8±7.5 months (range, 18-42 months). The operation time was 124.2±23.6 min, and the intraoperative blood loss was 105.6±17.4 ml. All autografts showed bony union at the graft-host junction, and the healing time was 3.3±0.4 months (range, 3.0-4.0 months). At 6 months after surgery, T-SMART tomosynthesis imaging showed that the gap between the prosthesis-bone interface was less than 1 mm in all patients. At the last follow-up, the thickness of residual subchondral bone was 5.7±1.3 mm, which was greater than that before operation 2.2±0.8 mm, and the difference was statistically significant ( t=10.823, P<0.001). At the last follow-up, the score of MSTS-93 was 26.7±2.4, which was higher than that before operation 18.8±3.7, and the difference was statistically significant ( t=5.367, P<0.001). At the last follow-up, the range of motion of the knee joint was 122.8°±9.1°, which was higher than that before operation 108.3°±6.1°, and the difference was statistically significant ( t=3.970, P<0.001). All patients were able to walk normally, go up and down stairs and other daily activities, and 7 patients were able to complete squats. At the last follow-up, there was no local tumor recurrence, distant metastasis, death, joint infection, pain (VAS score was 0), delayed wound healing, joint degeneration, prosthesis loosening or articular surface collapse. Conclusion:Reconstruction of lacunar bone defect caused by giant cell tumor of distal femur with 3D-printed modular supporting prosthesis can effectively improve knee joint function and osseointegration, and the short-term clinical results are satisfactory.

Objective:To observe the early clinical efficacy of 3D-printed modular supporting prosthesis for reconstruction of lacunar bone defect caused by giant cell tumor of the distal femur.Methods:From May 2018 to July 2023, a total of 9 patients with giant cell tumor of the distal femur were treated with 3D-printed modular supporting prosthesis to reconstruct lacunar bone defects in the Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University. There were 4 males and 5 females, aged 30.8±6.1 years (range, 24-44 years), 5 cases on the left side, 4 cases on the right side, 2 cases of Campanacci grade I, 7 cases of Campanacci grade II. The anteroposterior and lateral X-ray films and T-SMART tomosynthesis imaging of the knee joint were taken to observe the bone graft healing and osseointegration after operation. Musculoskeletal Tumor Society (MSTS)-93 was used to evaluate knee function, and visual analogue scale (VAS) was used to evaluate knee pain.Results:All patients were successfully operated and followed up for an average of 30.8±7.5 months (range, 18-42 months). The operation time was 124.2±23.6 min, and the intraoperative blood loss was 105.6±17.4 ml. All autografts showed bony union at the graft-host junction, and the healing time was 3.3±0.4 months (range, 3.0-4.0 months). At 6 months after surgery, T-SMART tomosynthesis imaging showed that the gap between the prosthesis-bone interface was less than 1 mm in all patients. At the last follow-up, the thickness of residual subchondral bone was 5.7±1.3 mm, which was greater than that before operation 2.2±0.8 mm, and the difference was statistically significant ( t=10.823, P<0.001). At the last follow-up, the score of MSTS-93 was 26.7±2.4, which was higher than that before operation 18.8±3.7, and the difference was statistically significant ( t=5.367, P<0.001). At the last follow-up, the range of motion of the knee joint was 122.8°±9.1°, which was higher than that before operation 108.3°±6.1°, and the difference was statistically significant ( t=3.970, P<0.001). All patients were able to walk normally, go up and down stairs and other daily activities, and 7 patients were able to complete squats. At the last follow-up, there was no local tumor recurrence, distant metastasis, death, joint infection, pain (VAS score was 0), delayed wound healing, joint degeneration, prosthesis loosening or articular surface collapse. Conclusion:Reconstruction of lacunar bone defect caused by giant cell tumor of distal femur with 3D-printed modular supporting prosthesis can effectively improve knee joint function and osseointegration, and the short-term clinical results are satisfactory.

Objective: To investigate the protective effect of vitamin D3 on alcoholic liver injury in mice. Methods: Forty mice were randomly divided into 4 groups : normal Control (Control) group , vitamin D3 (VitD3 ) group , alcohol model (EtOH) group and alcohol + vitamin D3 (EtOH + VitD3 ) group. The mice were fed with the DeCarlialcohol liquid diet to establish alcoholic liver injury model. Serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) , aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and liver index were detected. HE staining was used to observe the pathological changes of liver. The relative expression levels of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF⁃α ) , transforming growth factor β (TGF⁃β) , interleukin⁃6 (IL⁃6) and interleukin⁃1β (IL⁃1β) mRNA were detected by quantitative real⁃time PCR (qRT⁃PCR) . The expressions of nuclear factor⁃kappa B (NF⁃κB) p65 and NF⁃κB p50 in liver were detected by Western blot. Results: The serum ALT , AST vitality , liver index and hepatic TNF⁃α , TGF⁃ β , IL⁃6 and IL⁃1β mRNA in EtOH group were significantly higher than those in Control group. EtOH group disorganized hepatocyte and hepatic lobules boundary was not clear, and the hepatocytes showed apparent inflammatory cells infiltration of liver cells and fat cavitation. NF⁃κB p65 and NF⁃κB p50 protein expression increased significantly. Compared with EtOH group ,the serum ALT , AST vitality , liver index and hepatic TNF⁃α , TGF⁃ β , IL⁃6 and IL⁃1β mRNA in EtOH + VitD3 group decreased significantly. The pathological staining results showed that inflammatory cells infiltration and decrease in the number of fat vacuoles , and the liver cells returned to normal liver cell structure. At the same time the NF⁃κB p65 and NF⁃κB p50 protein expression level decreased significantly. Conclusion Vitamin D3 has a certain protective effect on alcohol⁃induced liver injury in mice , and its main mechanisms are related to the inhibition of NF⁃κB pathway and the reduction of inflammatory response.

Gallstone is a common surgical disease. The factors which related to intestine during the process of gallstone formation have attracted increasing attention. The main factors affecting the formation of cholesterol gallstone including cholesterol absorption, bile acid concentration, gut microbiota changing, are all related to the intestine. A correct understanding of the factors related to intestine during gallstone formation is helpful for the prevention and treatment of gallstone disease. In future, different targets related to intestine may play an important role in both prevention of gallstone disease and post-cholecystectomy management.

Retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) is primarily impaired in age-related macular degeneration (AMD), leading to progressive loss of photoreceptors and sometimes choroidal neovascularization (CNV). mTOR has been proposed as a promising therapeutic target, while the usage of its specific inhibitor, rapamycin, was greatly limited. To mediate the mTOR pathway in the retina by a noninvasive approach, we developed novel biomimetic nanocomplexes where rapamycin-loaded nanoparticles were coated with cell membrane derived from macrophages (termed as MRaNPs). Taking advantage of the macrophage-inherited property, intravenous injection of MRaNPs exhibited significantly enhanced accumulation in the CNV lesions, thereby increasing the local concentration of rapamycin. Consequently, MRaNPs effectively downregulated the mTOR pathway and attenuate angiogenesis in the eye. Particularly, MRaNPs also efficiently activated autophagy in the RPE, which was acknowledged to rescue RPE in response to deleterious stimuli. Overall, we design and prepare macrophage-disguised rapamycin nanocarriers and demonstrate the therapeutic advantages of employing biomimetic cell membrane materials for treatment of AMD.