Objective:To compare the current situation of research on workplace violence (WPV) among nurses at home and abroad, providing directions for further research.Methods:Research on WPV among nurses published in PubMed, Web of Science, EBSCO, China national knowledge infrastructure, Wanfang, and VIP databases from January 1, 2003 to October 14, 2023 were searched and screened, using visualization software CiteSpace and VOSviewer to analyze the distribution and correlation of countries, authors, institutions and keywords of the included studies.Results:A total of 1 082 Chinese articles and 2 770 English articles were included. From 2003 to 2023, the annual publication volume of research on nurse WPV showed a continuous upward trend in both Chinese and English literature. Among domestic institutions, Harbin Medical University published the most articles ( n=25). Among international research institutions, North South University ( n=9) and University of Malaya ( n=9) led in publication output. A total of 67 core authors were identified in Chinese literature and 194 in the English literature. Analysis of high-frequency keywords showed that the research topics could be summarized as research types, occurrence mechanisms, negative effects, high-risk precursors, intervention strategies, negative effects and population differences. Chinese Nursing Research ( n=40) and Journal of Nursing Management ( n=186) published the most Chinese and English articles. Conclusions:The amount of research on workplace violence among nurses has generally increased in recent years. The mechanisms of occurrence, high-risk precursors, and intervention strategies are important research directions. It is still necessary to further deepen the research content in the future.

BACKGROUND: Electroacupuncture (EA) treatment is efficacious in patients with respiratory disorders, although the mechanisms of its action in lung-function protection are poorly understood. This study aimed to explore the neuroanatomical mechanisms of EA stimulation at the BL13 acupoint (Feishu, EA-BL13) improvement in asthma. METHODS: Allergic asthma was induced by intranasal 2.0% ovalbumin (OVA) instillation combined with intraperitoneal injection of the 10.0% OVA. The levels of interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-5 were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Hematoxylin and eosin and periodic acid-schiff stain were used to evaluate inflammatory cell infiltration and mucus secretion. Cellular oncogene fos induction in neurons after EA stimulation was detected by immunofluorescent staining. The messenger RNA expression levels of adrenergic receptors were quantified with real-time polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: EA improved airway inflammation and mucus secretion mainly by activating somatosensory-sympathetic pathways ( P <0.001). Briefly, the intermediolateral (IML) nuclei of the spinal cord received signals from somatic EA stimulation and then delivered the information via the sympathetic trunk to the lung. Excited sympathetic nerve endings in lung tissue released large amounts of catecholamines that specifically activated the β2 adrenergic receptor (β2AR) on T cells ( P <0.01) and further decreased the levels of IL-4 and IL-5 ( P <0.001) through the cyclic adenosine monophosphate/protein kinase A signaling pathway. CONCLUSION This study provided a new explanation and clinical basis for the use of EA-BL13 as a treatment for allergic asthma in both the attack and remission stages and other respiratory disorders related to airway inflammation.
Electroacupuncture/methods* ; Animals ; Asthma/immunology* ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Male ; Inflammation/therapy* ; Interleukin-4/metabolism* ; Interleukin-5/metabolism*

Objective:To compare the current situation of research on workplace violence (WPV) among nurses at home and abroad, providing directions for further research.Methods:Research on WPV among nurses published in PubMed, Web of Science, EBSCO, China national knowledge infrastructure, Wanfang, and VIP databases from January 1, 2003 to October 14, 2023 were searched and screened, using visualization software CiteSpace and VOSviewer to analyze the distribution and correlation of countries, authors, institutions and keywords of the included studies.Results:A total of 1 082 Chinese articles and 2 770 English articles were included. From 2003 to 2023, the annual publication volume of research on nurse WPV showed a continuous upward trend in both Chinese and English literature. Among domestic institutions, Harbin Medical University published the most articles ( n=25). Among international research institutions, North South University ( n=9) and University of Malaya ( n=9) led in publication output. A total of 67 core authors were identified in Chinese literature and 194 in the English literature. Analysis of high-frequency keywords showed that the research topics could be summarized as research types, occurrence mechanisms, negative effects, high-risk precursors, intervention strategies, negative effects and population differences. Chinese Nursing Research ( n=40) and Journal of Nursing Management ( n=186) published the most Chinese and English articles. Conclusions:The amount of research on workplace violence among nurses has generally increased in recent years. The mechanisms of occurrence, high-risk precursors, and intervention strategies are important research directions. It is still necessary to further deepen the research content in the future.

Objective To develop a self-assessment scale for medication literacy in patients with coronary heart disease comorbidity diabetes and to test its reliability and validity.Methods According to medication literacy theory model,the initial scale was formed through literature review,the qualitative interview and expert inquiry.Cognitive interview was used to optimize the expression of item text.421 patients with coronary heart disease comorbidity diabetes in a tertiary hospital in Zhejiang province from November 2022 to April 2023 were selected to investigate the reliability and validity of the scale by convenience sampling.Results The self-assessment scale of drug literacy for coronary heart disease comorbidity diabetes mellitus included 23 items in 5 dimensions including acquisition,understanding,communication,evaluation and calculation.The total Cronbach's α coefficient of the scale was 0.911;the retest reliability was 0.948;the average content validity index was 0.997;the correlation coefficients between each dimension and total score of the scale and the calibration scale ranged from 0.485 to 0.926.The exploratory factor analysis was employed to extract 5 common factors,and the cumulative variance contribution rate was 73.753％.Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the scale factor structure was stable.Conclusion The scale has good reliability and validity,and it can be used as an effective tool to evaluate the self-rated medication literacy level of patients with coronary heart disease comorbidity diabetes.

Objective:To investigate the effect of rat platelet-rich plasma (PRP) gel on autologous adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) overexpressing glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF).Methods:This study was an experimental study. Five adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were used, and the primary ADSCs were obtained by collagenase digestion, and then the cells were identified successfully. The 3 rd passage of ADSCs were obtained and divided into negative control group infected with unloaded adenovirus and overexpressing GDNF group infected with overexpressing GDNF adenovirus, according to random number table method (the grouping method was the same below). After 48 hours of culture, the infection of cells was observed. Five adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were used, and the PRP was obtained after collecting blood by differential centrifugation. PRP was prepared into a gel and its microstructure was observed by scanning electron microscope. The ADSCs of 3 rd passage were added into the PRP solution mixture and cultured for 48 hours after gelation. The cell growth was observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining and calcein/propyl iodide staining. ADSCs infected with unloaded adenovirus and ADSCs infected with overexpressing GDNF adenovirus were routinely cultured in PRP gel. After 48 hours of culture, the cell growth was detected by calcein/propyl iodide staining. After culture for 24, 48, 72 hours and 1, 2, 3, 4 weeks, the supernatant of cell culture medium was collected, the absorbance value was determined by microplate analyzer, and the GDNF content was calculated, with the sample number of 3. After 48 hours of culture, the expression of S100 protein (a specific marker of Schwann cells) was detected by immunofluorescence assay. Results:After 48 hours of culture, the proportions of cells infected with adenovirus in negative control group and overexpressing GDNF group were close to 90%, and the cell growth was good. The cells in negative control group grew normally. The morphology of the cells in overexpressing GDNF group changed significantly with 80%-90% of the cells having two or more protrusions, and the protrusions were interwoven to form a network wherever the cells gathered. PRP gel formed a three-dimensional network structure with different pore sizes. After 48 hours of culture, ADSCs could be well attached to PRP gel, and 98% of the cells were alive. After 48 hours of culture, ADSCs infected with unloaded adenovirus grew well and showed typical ADSC-like spindle-shaped growth. ADSCs infected with overexpressing GDNF adenovirus grew well, and most of the cells had two or more protrusions, and the protrusions were interwoven into a network. After culture for 24, 48, 72 hours and 1, 2, 3, 4 weeks, the content of GDNF in the supernatant of ADSCs infected with overexpressing GDNF adenovirus was (90±10), (133±15), (150±10), (137±15), (132±18), (120±10), and (127±16) pg/mL, which was significantly higher than (42±7), (44±7), (43±6), (47±6), (49±5), (49±6), and (51±4) pg/mL of ADSCs infected with unloaded adenovirus (with t values of 6.20, 8.08, 15.18, 9.12, 7.99, 9.61, and 7.86, respectively, P<0.05). After 48 hours of culture, the fluorescence intensity of S100 protein expression of ADSCs infected with overexpressing GDNF adenovirus was significantly stronger than that of ADSCs infected with unloaded adenovirus. Conclusions:The prepared autologous three-dimensional PRP gel has good biocompatibility and can carry rat GDNF-overexpressing ADSCs and release GDNF slowly, inducing ADSCs to differentiate into Schwann cells that express high level of S100 protein.

Objective:To investigate the effect of rat platelet-rich plasma (PRP) gel on autologous adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) overexpressing glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF).Methods:This study was an experimental study. Five adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were used, and the primary ADSCs were obtained by collagenase digestion, and then the cells were identified successfully. The 3 rd passage of ADSCs were obtained and divided into negative control group infected with unloaded adenovirus and overexpressing GDNF group infected with overexpressing GDNF adenovirus, according to random number table method (the grouping method was the same below). After 48 hours of culture, the infection of cells was observed. Five adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were used, and the PRP was obtained after collecting blood by differential centrifugation. PRP was prepared into a gel and its microstructure was observed by scanning electron microscope. The ADSCs of 3 rd passage were added into the PRP solution mixture and cultured for 48 hours after gelation. The cell growth was observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining and calcein/propyl iodide staining. ADSCs infected with unloaded adenovirus and ADSCs infected with overexpressing GDNF adenovirus were routinely cultured in PRP gel. After 48 hours of culture, the cell growth was detected by calcein/propyl iodide staining. After culture for 24, 48, 72 hours and 1, 2, 3, 4 weeks, the supernatant of cell culture medium was collected, the absorbance value was determined by microplate analyzer, and the GDNF content was calculated, with the sample number of 3. After 48 hours of culture, the expression of S100 protein (a specific marker of Schwann cells) was detected by immunofluorescence assay. Results:After 48 hours of culture, the proportions of cells infected with adenovirus in negative control group and overexpressing GDNF group were close to 90%, and the cell growth was good. The cells in negative control group grew normally. The morphology of the cells in overexpressing GDNF group changed significantly with 80%-90% of the cells having two or more protrusions, and the protrusions were interwoven to form a network wherever the cells gathered. PRP gel formed a three-dimensional network structure with different pore sizes. After 48 hours of culture, ADSCs could be well attached to PRP gel, and 98% of the cells were alive. After 48 hours of culture, ADSCs infected with unloaded adenovirus grew well and showed typical ADSC-like spindle-shaped growth. ADSCs infected with overexpressing GDNF adenovirus grew well, and most of the cells had two or more protrusions, and the protrusions were interwoven into a network. After culture for 24, 48, 72 hours and 1, 2, 3, 4 weeks, the content of GDNF in the supernatant of ADSCs infected with overexpressing GDNF adenovirus was (90±10), (133±15), (150±10), (137±15), (132±18), (120±10), and (127±16) pg/mL, which was significantly higher than (42±7), (44±7), (43±6), (47±6), (49±5), (49±6), and (51±4) pg/mL of ADSCs infected with unloaded adenovirus (with t values of 6.20, 8.08, 15.18, 9.12, 7.99, 9.61, and 7.86, respectively, P<0.05). After 48 hours of culture, the fluorescence intensity of S100 protein expression of ADSCs infected with overexpressing GDNF adenovirus was significantly stronger than that of ADSCs infected with unloaded adenovirus. Conclusions:The prepared autologous three-dimensional PRP gel has good biocompatibility and can carry rat GDNF-overexpressing ADSCs and release GDNF slowly, inducing ADSCs to differentiate into Schwann cells that express high level of S100 protein.

Peptides are increasingly important resources for biological and therapeutic development, however, their intrinsic susceptibility to proteolytic degradation represents a big hurdle. As a natural agonist for GLP-1R, glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) is of significant clinical interest for the treatment of type-2 diabetes mellitus, but its in vivo instability and short half-life have largely prevented its therapeutic application. Here, we describe the rational design of a series of α/sulfono-γ-AA peptide hybrid analogues of GLP-1 as the GLP-1R agonists. Certain GLP-1 hybrid analogues exhibited enhanced stability (t _1/2 > 14 days) compared to t _1/2 (<1 day) of GLP-1 in the blood plasma and in vivo. These newly developed peptide hybrids may be viable alternative of semaglutide for type-2 diabetes treatment. Additionally, our findings suggest that sulfono-γ-AA residues could be adopted to substitute canonical amino acids residues to improve the pharmacological activity of peptide-based drugs.

Objective:To develop the supportive care information platform based on full cycle needs of patients and explore the application effect of platform in hemiplegia patients with ischemic stroke.Methods:Based on the supportive care scheme for patients with ischemic stroke in the previous study of the research group, combined with literature review and expert group discussion, the supportive care information platform version 1.0 was developed. After 5 patients with ischemic stroke hemiplegia tried for 3 weeks, it was optimized and upgraded to version 2.0 according to the use experience. From June to December 2020, 64 patients with acute ischemic stroke hemiplegia in the Department of Neurology of the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University and the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University hospital were randomly divided into intervention group and control group, 32 cases in each group. Barthel Index and balance ability were compared between the two groups. The control group received supportive care plan, and the intervention group received supportive care information platform.Results:After the intervention, the scores of Barthel index in the intervention group were 85 (75,90), 95 (95,100) at 1 and 3 months of illness, which were significantly higher than 65 (55,75), 75 (70,85) in the control group ( P<0.05). After intervention, the scores of balance ability in intervention group were 37 (28,43), 48 (45,51) at 1 and 3 months after illness, which were significantly higher than 28 (16,36), 31(20,37) in control group ( P<0.05). After the intervention, the scores of stroke related knowledge in the intervention group one day before discharge, one month after illness and three months after illness were 14.97 ± 2.98, 19.00 ± 2.14, 22.81 ± 1.60, which were significantly higher than those in the control group (8.69 ± 1.64), (8.88 ± 1.52), (9.09 ± 1.61) ( t values were 109.37-1 169.84, P<0.05). Conclusions:The application of supportive care information platform can provide targeted nrusing measures for patients at different stages of disease development. The platform has good feasibility, and can significantly improve patients′ Barthel index, balance ability and stroke related knowledge, which shows that the platform has good feasihility and clinical application value.

The development of internet technology provides a new method for management of workplace violence (WPV) in hospitals. This paper reviews the specific application of information technology in hospital workplace violence in the "Internet +" era from three aspects of pre-warning, in-process response and post control and analyzes the shortcomings of application of Internet technology in workplace violence in hospitals, in order to provide reference for further effective prevention of workplace violence in hospitals.

Objective:To explore supportive care needs of patients with stable stroke in the acute phase and provide guidance for effective supportive care through mixed-methods.Methods:A mixed-method study with convergent parallel design was used. A convenient sampling method was used to select neurological inpatients for questionnaire survey. At the same time, a purposive sampling was used to conduct semi-structured interviews with 15 stroke patients.Results:A total of 176 valid questionnaires were collected, and the average score of supportive care needs were 2.17±0.37, The top 3 were disease-related information needs (2.75 ± 0.40), daily life care needs (2.28 ± 0.51), and social support needs (2.26 ± 0.28). Knowing the causes of stroke ranked first in each entry. The theme of qualitative interviews included: assisting daily activities, management of impaired functions, early functional rehabilitation, disease-related knowledge, psychosocial support, and discharge guidance.Conclusions:Stroke patients have rich and high-level supportive care needs, and provide corresponding information needs based on patient needs. Implement early secondary prevention guidance to prevent stroke recurrence; cooperate with multidisciplinary teams to provide early rehabilitation, reduce functional impairment; timely identify negative emotions of patients, and jointly provide family with patients psychological support. Implement a case management model to promote full-course care for stroke patients.