OBJECTIVES: To compare the anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and analgesic effects of Yinqiao Powder (YQS) formulated granules and decoction. METHODS: We first evaluated the anti-inflammatory effects of the two dosage forms of YQS in a LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cell model using RT-qPCR and Western blotting. We further constructed zebrafish models of inflammation by copper sulfate exposure, caudal fin transection, or LPS and Poly (I:C) microinjection, and evaluated anti-inflammatory effects of YQS granules and decoction by examining neutrophil aggregation and HE staining findings. In a mouse model of acute lung injury (ALI) induced by intratracheal LPS instillation, the effects of YQS gavage at 10, 15, and 20 g/kg on lung pathologies were evaluated by calculating lung wet-dry weight ratio and using HE staining, ELISA and Western blotting. The microbroth dilution method was used to evaluate the antibacterial effect of YQS. Mouse pain models established by hot plate and intraperitoneal injection of glacial acetic acid were used to evaluate the analgesic effects of YQS at 10, 15, and 20 g/kg. RESULTS: Both YQS granules and decoction significantly reduced TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β expressions and p-STAT3 (Tyr 705) phosphorylation level in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells, and obviously inhibited neutrophil aggregation in the zebrafish models. In ALI mice, YQS granules and decoction effectively ameliorated lung injury, lowered lung wet-dry weight ratio, and reduced p-STAT3 (Tyr 705) expression and TNF-α and IL-6 levels. YQS produced obvious antibacterial effect at the doses of 15.63 and 31.25 mg/mL, and significantly reduced body torsion and increased pain threshold in the mouse pain models. CONCLUSIONS The two dosage forms of TQS have similar anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and analgesic effects with only differences in their inhibitory effect on TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β mRNA expressions in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells.
Animals ; Mice ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology* ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents/pharmacology* ; Analgesics/pharmacology* ; RAW 264.7 Cells ; Zebrafish ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology* ; Powders ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/metabolism* ; Acute Lung Injury/drug therapy* ; Interleukin-6/metabolism* ; Lipopolysaccharides

TCM believes that the main pathogenesis of gastrointestinal dysfunction (GD) after laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) is spleen and stomach weakness, liver and stomach disharmony, liver depression and spleen deficiency, and intestinal depression. Moxibustion in the treatment of GD after LC can avoid the aggravation of gastrointestinal burden caused by oral drugs. The intervention methods mainly include suspension moxibustion, umbilical moxibustion, heat sensitive moxibustion, thunder fire moxibustion, warm acupuncture, partition moxibustion, etc. Moxibustion is often performed on the acupoints in liver meridian, spleen meridian, stomach meridian, small intestine meridian, large intestine meridian and Conception Vessel, such as Taichong (LR3), Ganshu (BL18), Yinlingquan (SP9), Zusanli (ST36), Tianshu (ST25), Wangu (SI4), Hegu (LI4), Zhongwan (CV12), Shenque (CV8) and Qihai (CV6). At present, most studies combined with moxibustion on the basis of conventional Western medicine treatment can significantly improve the efficacy, and have certain advantages in improving gastrointestinal motility decline, intestinal flora imbalance, first exhaust time, gastrointestinal hormone level disorder and intestinal mucosal barrier dysfunction. However, there are still some problems in the existing research: small sample size of clinical research, not perfect scoring scale, not unified treatment plan and operation standard, relatively scarce basic research, relatively simple acupoint research, lack of biochemical evaluation indicators, and the research of national moxibustion needs to be explored and improved in the future.

Objective:Assessing the therapeutic efficacy of methotrexate(MTX)-modified magnetic nanoparticles in thermo-chemotherapy for rat breast cancer and its impact on immune function.Methods:Female Wistar rats were subcutaneously inoculated with breast cancer Walker-256 cells to establish a transplantation tumor model,and injected with polyethyleneimine(PEI)-modified Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles(47T group,42T group and multiple 42T group)or MTX-modified Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles(47TC group,42TC group and multiple 42TC group)for thermotherapy under the magnetic field at different temperatures(47℃and 42℃).The rats injected with MTX-modified magnetic fluid only(MFC group)and the tumor-bearing rats without any treatment(blank control group),with irradiation treatment in an alternating magnetic field only for 30 minutes(M group),with injection of PEI-modified magnetic fluid only(MF group),with treatment of MTX-mono drug(MTX group)and not inoculated with tumor cells(normal group)were used as control groups.X-ray radiography was used to display the distribution of magnetic fluid in the tumor tissue 24 hours,2 weeks and 2 months after intra-tumor injection.After 24 hours of treatment,three rats were selected from each of the 47T and 47TC groups,and the effect of magnetic fluid on tumor cells was observed under an electron microscope after execution.After 14 days of treatment,the tumor volume of rats was measured and statistically analyzed.At the same time,4 rats were selected from each of the 47TC,47T,42TC,42T,MFC,MTX,blank control and normal groups,and the levels of IL-2,IFN-γ and IL-4 in peripheral blood were detected by ELISA method.The remaining rats were observed for long-term survival.Results:The magnetic nanoparticles were evenly distributed in the center of the tumor but unevenly distributed at the tumor's edge;they primarily localize amomg tumor cells and can penertrate into tumor cells.Tumor growth was inhibited in rats in the 47TC,47T,multiple 42TC and multiple 42T groups(all P<0.05),and the survival rates of the rats were high.As compared with the blank control group,the levels of IL-2 and IFN-γ were increased while the IL-4 level was decreased in the 47TC and 47T groups(all P<0.05).Conclusion:Thermo-chemotherapy at 47℃for 30 minutes and multiple sessions at 42℃for 60 minutes can partially inhibit tumor growth and prolong rat survival.This effect maybe related to the thermo-chemotherapy at 47℃for 30 minutes which can activate the body's immune function.

Objective:To assess the feasibility of first polar body transfer (PB1T) combined with preimplantation mitochondrial genetic testing for blocking the transmission of a pathogenic mitochondrial DNA 8993T>G mutation.Methods:A Chinese family affected with Leigh syndrome which had attended the Reproductive Medicine Centre of the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University in September 2021 was selected as the study subject. Controlled ovarian hyperstimulation was carried out for the proband after completing the detection of the mitochondrial DNA 8993T>G mutation load among the pedigree members. Mature MII oocytes were inseminated by intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), cultured in vitro for 5 to 6 days to the blastocyst stage, and trophoblastocytes were obtained by microbiopsy. Mitochondrial DNA testing (PGT-MT) and chromosomal aneuploidy (PGT-A) analyses were carried out after whole-genome amplification, and the embryos with zero mutation load were selected for transfer. Amniotic fluid and umbilical cord blood samples were collected during middle pregnancy and after birth respectively for mitochondrial DNA testing to verify the reliability of embryo screening. As an attempt, PB1 with good morphology of MⅡ oocytes was selected for transfer into the enucleated oocytoplasm from healthy donors, followed by ICSI fertilization, blastocyst culture and PGT of embryos using the same procedure. This study has been approved by the Ethics Committee of the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University (No. 2021zhyx-B12). Results:An antagonist protocol was used for ovarian stimulation, and a total of 19 oocytes were obtained, of which 14 MⅡ were fertilized by ICSI, and 2 had developed into blastocysts. PGT-MT was carried out on biopsied trophoblastocytes, in which the mitochondrial DNA 8993T>G mutation load was not detected in one embryo, the other was 100% mutated, and the mutation loads of the remaining unfertilized eggs and developmentally arrested embryos ranged from 0% ~ 100%, presenting a clear biased distribution. With fully informed consent, one PGT-MT zero mutation load blastocyst was transferred and clinical pregnancy was achieved. Mitochondrial DNA and chromosomal testing of amniotic fluid cells during middle pregnancy had revealed no abnormalities. The proband had delivered a healthy boy through Caesarean section at 39+ 5 weeks of gestation, and no mutation was detected in the cord blood sample. Five well-formed PBs from 14 eggs were selected for PB1 transfer, followed by ICSI and culture, and two of the reconstituted embryos had formed blastocysts, with none of the above mutations detected in the biopsied samples.Conclusion:The PGT-MT technology can help families affected with mitochondrial diseases to have healthy offspring. PB1 transfer in combination with ICSI and PGT-MT holds the promise of turning waste into treasure and providing an alternative means of fertility for such families.

Tumor diseases have emerged as a major threat to human health.In this case,cancer hospitals must optimize patient experience while developing their facilities and medical resources.This paper takes the Huangpu Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center as an example to explore the strategies and practical effects of optimizing patient experience on the cam-pus from the perspective of peak experience.This hospital has successfully created high-quality peak experiences across multiple dimensions such as visual perception,trust,emotion,operations,efficiency,and lifestyle.The results indicated that Huangpu Hospital significantly improved patient satisfaction,medical resource expansion,operational efficiency,and social recognition.These achievements have validated the effectiveness of peak experience theory in the field of medical services,providing valuable insights for other hospitals.

Objective To establish a dexamethasone(Dex)-induced zebrafish model of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis(GIOP)combined with glucocorticoid-induced hypertension(GIHT),and to validate the model by the systematic evaluation of both the phenotypic manifestations and molecular mechanisms.Methods Zebrafish larvae at 3 or 4 d post-fertilization(dpf)were divided randomly into a control group(0.1％dimethyl sulfoxide)and a model group(10 μmol/L Dex).Osteogenic parameters and vessel diameter were assessed at 0,48,and 96 h post-administration(n=10).Bone mineralization and density were determined by the total area and sum brightness after Alizarin red staining.Vessel diameter was measured by detecting blood flow in the dorsal aorta.After confirming the optimal administration time,expression levels of bone-formation-related proteins(protein kinase B(Akt),glycogen synthase kinase(GSK)-3β,β-catenin)and angiogenesis-related proteins(AMP-activated protein kinase(AMPK),nuclear factor(NF)-κB)were detected by Western Blot to verify the molecular effectiveness of the model.Results Exposure to Dex for 96 h reduced bone mineralization and density in zebrafish larvae compared with the control group,and statistical analysis identified 4 dpf zebrafish and Dex administration for 96 h as the optimal modeling times for the GIOP model.Blood vessel diameter was significantly decreased in the model group compared with the control group(P＜0.05),and the difference became more pronounced with longer administration time and was particularly evident at 4 dpf and treatment for 96 h.Western Blot analysis showed that Dex significantly decreased protein expression levels of Akt,β-catenin,and NF-κB(P＜0.05)and significantly increased the expression of GSK-3β and AMPK(P＜0.05),suggesting that Dex effectively inhibited bone formation and angiogenesis after 96 hours treatment in 4 dpf zebrafish.Conclusions Treatment of 4 dpf zebrafish larvae with 10 μmol/L Dex rapidly established a reliable zebrafish model of GIOP combined with GIHT,providing an ideal animal model for further studies of the common mechanisms of the two diseases and for screening new drugs.

Objective Sleep is an important physiological process for maintaining normal cognitive functions,but with the accelerated pace and increased work pressure in modern society,sleep deprivation has become a common phenomenon.It has been shown that sleep deprivation interferes with higher cognitive functions such as working memory,but the specific mechanism of its effect is still not completely clear.The present study aimed to systematically investigate the effects of 36 hours of sleep deprivation on the stages of the working memory processing chain and its neural mechanisms through behavioral and event-related potential(ERP)techniques.Methods Using a randomized controlled experimental design,48 healthy adult subjects were recruited and randomly assigned to sleep deprivation and control groups.All subjects completed a 2-back phonological working memory task,and behavioral data(response time and correctness)and ERP data(P2,N2,and P3 component wave amplitudes)were collected at 0 and 36 hours,respectively.The effects of sleep deprivation on working memory behavioral performance and neurophysiological indices were assessed by ANOVA.Results Behavioral results showed that the sleep deprivation group had a significantly longer response time after 36 hours,but no significant decrease in correctness,indicating a decrease in response efficiency but stable accuracy.ERP results showed that P2 amplitude did not change significantly before and after sleep deprivation,indicating that the early perception and categorization stages were limitedly affected by sleep deprivation;whereas,N2 and P3 amplitudes decreased significantly after sleep deprivation,reflecting that later cognitive processing such as conflict monitoring and resource allocation and other late cognitive processing were significantly disturbed.Conclusion Through ERP technology,this study uncovers the phased impact of 36-hour sleep deprivation on the working memory processing chain.The study found that early perceptual and categorization stages may be less susceptible to the effects of sleep deprivation,likely due to their relatively automatic processing and lower demand for cognitive resources.In contrast,during later stages of cognitive processing,particularly in higher-order functions such as conflict monitoring and resource allocation,sleep deprivation significantly impaired task performance efficiency by disrupting prefrontal cortex function.This finding deepens the understanding of the mechanisms underlying the effects of sleep deprivation and provides a scientific basis for cognitive intervention and management strategies in high-stress occupational groups.Future studies can further explore the long-term effects of sleep deprivation and its neural mechanisms by combining multimodal techniques.

Objective To explore the symptom clusters in renal transplant recipients and con-struct a concurrent symptom network to identify core symptoms.Methods A total of 343 patients with followed up after renal transplantation were selected as the study subjects.A general information questionnaire and the Chinese version of the Modified Transplant Symptom Occurrence and Symptom Distress Scale were employed to analyze the occurrence of symptoms in patients.In this study,only symptoms with an incidence rate greater than 20％and Spearman correlation coefficient greater than 0.40 between symptom severity and total score were retained.Exploratory factor analysis was used to extract symptom clusters with a factor loading of ≥0.45 as the criterion.The R language was utilized to construct symptom network,based on which core symptoms and bridge symptoms were identified.Results A total of 5 symptom clusters were extracted in this study:the neuro-gastrointestinal symp-tom cluster,the mood-related symptom cluster,the hormone-related symptom cluster,the energy de-ficiency symptom cluster and the vision-related symptom cluster.The core symptoms were anxiety(rs=1.75),mood swings(rs=1.50)and muscle weakness(rs=1.27).The top three symptoms in terms of bridge strength were muscle weakness(rb=0.87),lack of vitality(rb=0.66)and fa-tigue(rb=0.65).Conclusion Multiple symptoms are presented in patients after renal transplanta-tion.Based on the results of symptom network analysis,clinicians can strengthen the assessment of core symptoms and bridge symptoms to develop precise intervention strategies and improve the effectiveness of symptom management.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the feasibility of first polar body transfer (PB1T) combined with preimplantation mitochondrial genetic testing for blocking the transmission of a pathogenic mitochondrial DNA 8993T>G mutation. METHODS: A Chinese family affected with Leigh syndrome which had attended the Reproductive Medicine Centre of the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University in September 2021 was selected as the study subject. Controlled ovarian hyperstimulation was carried out for the proband after completing the detection of the mitochondrial DNA 8993T>G mutation load among the pedigree members. Mature MII oocytes were inseminated by intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), cultured in vitro for 5 to 6 days to the blastocyst stage, and trophoblastocytes were obtained by microbiopsy. Mitochondrial DNA testing (PGT-MT) and chromosomal aneuploidy (PGT-A) analyses were carried out after whole-genome amplification, and the embryos with zero mutation load were selected for transfer. Amniotic fluid and umbilical cord blood samples were collected during middle pregnancy and after birth respectively for mitochondrial DNA testing to verify the reliability of embryo screening. As an attempt, PB1 with good morphology of MII oocytes was selected for transfer into the enucleated oocytoplasm from healthy donors, followed by ICSI fertilization, blastocyst culture and PGT of embryos using the same procedure. This study has been approved by the Ethics Committee of the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University (No. 2021zhyx-B12). RESULTS: An antagonist protocol was used for ovarian stimulation, and a total of 19 oocytes were obtained, of which 14 MII were fertilized by ICSI, and 2 had developed into blastocysts. PGT-MT was carried out on biopsied trophoblastocytes, in which the mitochondrial DNA 8993T>G mutation load was not detected in one embryo, the other was 100% mutated, and the mutation loads of the remaining unfertilized eggs and developmentally arrested embryos ranged from 0% ~ 100%, presenting a clear biased distribution. With fully informed consent, one PGT-MT zero mutation load blastocyst was transferred and clinical pregnancy was achieved. Mitochondrial DNA and chromosomal testing of amniotic fluid cells during middle pregnancy had revealed no abnormalities. The proband had delivered a healthy boy through Caesarean section at 39⁺⁵ weeks of gestation, and no mutation was detected in the cord blood sample. Five well-formed PBs from 14 eggs were selected for PB1 transfer, followed by ICSI and culture, and two of the reconstituted embryos had formed blastocysts, with none of the above mutations detected in the biopsied samples. CONCLUSION The PGT-MT technology can help families affected with mitochondrial diseases to have healthy offspring. PB1 transfer in combination with ICSI and PGT-MT holds the promise of turning waste into treasure and providing an alternative means of fertility for such families.
Humans ; Preimplantation Diagnosis/methods* ; Female ; DNA, Mitochondrial/genetics* ; Genetic Testing/methods* ; Pregnancy ; Mitochondrial Diseases/genetics* ; Polar Bodies ; Adult ; Feasibility Studies ; Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic/methods* ; Embryo Transfer/methods* ; Mutation ; Male ; Blastocyst/metabolism* ; Pedigree

Objective:To explore the values of reticulin fiber staining (RFS) in evaluating bone marrow (BM) involvement of lymphoma and in grading of BM biopsy from adult lymphoma patients.Methods:Retrospectively,354 cases of adult lymphoma were collected from November 2023 to May 2024 at Peking University Cancer Hospital. BM samples were stained with RFS and immunohistochemical staining (IHC), and flow cytometry (FCM) was also performed with the BM aspirations simultaneously. RFS was graded according to the European Consensus, as high grade (grade 2-3) indicating BM involvement in the study. BM involvement was considered as definite if no less than two positive findings among IHC, FCM, and RFS. Statistical analyses were performed via SPSS software (V23.0).Results:In this series, 52.3% (185/354) of the patients were male; 35.0% (124/354) aged >60 years; BM involvements were found in 34.5% (122/354) cases with high grade of RFS, which, in turn, were lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma (ALL/LBL) group (4/4), indolent B-cell lymphoma (IndBCL) group (49.1%, 53/108), transformed B-cell lymphoma (TrBCL) group (2/5), invasive B-cell lymphoma (InvBCL) group (26.5%, 41/155), T and NK cell lymphoma (TNKCL) group (27.3%, 12/44) and classical Hodgkin lymphoma (CHL) group (26.3%, 10/38); if classified by specific types, T-ALL/LBL (2/2), B-ALL/LBL (2/2) and CLL/SLL (8/10) ranked top three. In terms of the positive rate of BM involvement evaluated by RFS, no significant difference was seen between either gender or age groups ( χ2=3.416, P=0.332 and χ2=4.200, P=0.241); however, significant differences were observed between different lymphoma groups and types ( χ2=29.961, P=0.012 and χ2=102.546, P<0.001, respectively). BM invasion rates indicated by IHC and FCM were 25.4% (90/354) and 13.8% (49/354), respectively. The overall BM invasion rate was 24.3% (86/354), and the sensitivity of RFS, IHC, and FCM was 90.8%, 97.8%, and 55.8%, and specificity was 84.1%, 99.6%, and 98.9%, respectively. Overall, the concordance rate of RFS with IHC and FCM was 83.6% and 74.0%, respectively, including 85.8% and 74.2% for InvBCL group, 79.6% and 75.0% for IndBCL group, 84.1% and 75.0% for TNKCL group, 81.6% and 73.7% for CHL group, 5/5 and 2/5 for TrBCL group, and 4/4 and 3/4 for ALL/LBL group. Conclusions:In the evaluation of BM involvement status of adult lymphoma, high sensitivity and specificity are observed by RFS, and high concordance is also noted with both IHC and FCM. Thus, the BM infiltrating status of adult lymphoma could be evaluated more accurately by a combined usage of the three methods.