OBJECTIVE To investigate the mechanism by which Qiaobai cold compress solution （QBCS） improves acne vulgaris （AV） based on transcriptomics and animal experiments. METHODS Rats were randomly divided into a blank control group （ n ＝6） and a modeling group （ n ＝30）. AV models were established in the modeling group by topical application of oleic acid to the inner surface of both ears， combined with subcutaneous injection of Cutibacterium acnes suspension into the auricle. Successfully modeled rats were further divided into the model group， positive control group （Tretinoin cream， 0.045 g/kg）， and QBCS low-， medium-， high-dose groups [3.55， 7.11， 14.22 g/kg （calculated by the amount of crude drug） ] ， with 6 rats in each group. Rats in each d rug group were treated with the corresponding drugs once daily for 14 consecutive days. After the final administration， changes in the appearance of the ears and histopathological changes in the ear tissues were observed， and serum levels of inflammatory factors， including tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α）， interleukin-6 （IL-6） and IL-1β， were measured. Auricular tissues from the blank control group， model group and QBCS medium-dose group were collected for transcriptome sequencing. Differential expressed genes （DEGs） were screened and subjected to Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analysis， followed by validation using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blot assay. RESULTS Compared with the model group， rats in all QBCS groups showed alleviated auricular acne symptoms， with reduced epidermal thickening， sebaceous gland hyperplasia， and inflammatory cell infiltration. Serum levels of TNF-α （except for the QBCS low-dose group）， IL-6 （except for the QBCS low-dose group） and IL-1β were significantly decreased （ P ＜0.05）. A total of 590 DEGs were identified （blank control group vs. model group）， and 596 DEGs were identified （model group vs. QBCS medium-dose group）. Above DEGs （blank control group vs. model group） were mainly enriched in Toll-like receptor （TLR） and nuclear factor-kappa B （NF-κB） signaling pathways， etc. Validation experiments showed that， compared with model group， low-， medium- and high-dose of QBCS reduced， to varying degrees， the mRNA expression of TNF-α， TLR2， interferon-γ and CXC chemokine ligand 8 in the auricular tissues of AV rats， increased the mRNA expression of peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptor gamma and tumor protein 53， and inhibited the phosphorylation of NF-κB p65 protein as well as the expressions of TLR2 and myeloid differentiation primary response protein 88（MyD88） （ P ＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS QBCS can alleviate auricular inflammation and skin lesions in AV rats. This effect may be related to inhibition of the TLR/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway， thereby suppressing the expression of downstream inflammatory factors such as TNF-α.

AIM: To evaluate the efficacy of 0.05% cyclosporine eye drops in promoting ocular surface recovery following pterygium excision combined with autologous corneal limbal stem cell transplantation.METHODS:This study is a prospective randomized controlled trial, selecting 104 cases(104 eyes)of primary pterygium with monocular onset admitted to Baoding First Central Hospital from September 2023 to September 2024 as the initial sample. The patients were divided into an experimental group and a control group using a random number table method, with 52 eyes in each group. Both groups underwent pterygium excision and autologous corneal limbal stem cell transplantation performed by the same surgeon. The control group received tobramycin dexamethasone eye drops combined with 0.3% sodium hyaluronate eye drops, while the experimental group was additionally treated with 0.05% cyclosporine eye drops. The corneal epithelial repair status, ocular surface function [corneal fluorescein staining(FL)score, Schirmer I test(SIt), break-up time of tear film(BUT)] at preoperative and postoperative time points(1 and 3 mo), and dry eye symptoms [ocular surface disease index(OSDI), standard patient evaluation of eye dryness(SPEED)scores]. Additionally, the recurrence rate and postoperative complications were recorded.RESULTS: During the follow-up period, there was 1 case of loss to follow-up in both the experimental group and the control group, with lost to follow-up rate of 1.9%. Finally, 51 cases in each group completed all followed-up. No statistically significant difference was observed in preoperative general characteristics of patients between the two groups(P>0.05), and there was no statistically significant difference in corneal epithelial repair time or suture removal time(all P>0.05). At 1 mo postoperatively, the SIt and BUT decreased in both groups compared to preoperative levels, with the experimental group showing higher values than the control group(all P<0.05). FL scores increased compared to preoperative levels but were lower in the experimental group(all P<0.05). By 3 mo, the SIt, BUT and FL score of the control group were not statistically different from preoperative levels(all P>0.05), whereas the experimental group showed increased SIt and BUT, which were higher than the control group, and reduced FL scores, and decreased FL scores, which was lower than the control group(all P<0.05). At 3 mo postoperatively, both groups showed increased SIt and BUT compared to 1-month values, with the experimental group outperforming the control group(all P<0.05). FL scores decreased in both groups compared to 1-month values, with the experimental group maintaining lower scores(P<0.05). At 1 mo postoperatively, OSDI and SPEED scores were higher than preoperative levels, with the experimental group higher than the control group(all P<0.05); at 3 mo postoperatively, the scores returned to preoperative level(all P>0.05), and the OSDI and SPEED scores of the control group increased and higher than those of the experiment group(all P<0.05); at 3 mo postoperatively, the OSDI and SPEED scores decreased when compared with 1-month preoperative level, and the experiment group was lower than the control group(all P<0.05). There was no difference in the total incidence of postoperative complications between the two groups(P>0.05). According to the statistics of 6 mo follow-up after operation, there was no recurrence in the experimental group, and the recurrence rate was 11.8% in the control group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION: Adjunctive use of 0.05% cyclosporine eye drops after pterygium excision with limbal stem cell transplantation enhances ocular surface recovery, reduces dry eye symptoms, and lowers recurrence rates without compromising corneal epithelial healing or safety.

Cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) and large artery atherosclerosis (LAA) are two types of cerebrovascular diseases. Their pathogenesis is closely related, with common risk factors, but there are differences. Early detection and effective management of common risk factors, while taking into account differentiated risk factors, are of great significance for stroke prevention. This article reviews the similarities and differences in the major risk factors between CSVD and LAA.

With reference to the Information and Documentation-Resource Description (GB/T 3792-2021) and Bibliographical Description for Ancient Chinese Books (GB/T 3792.7-2008) and other cataloging standards and rules, drawing on the practical experience of cataloging ancient TCM books, Bibliographical Cataloging for Ancient TCM Books was formulated. This standard specifies the entry items and their order of ancient TCM books, cataloging identifier, cataloging text, cataloging information source, and cataloging item details. The standard can provide standardized and unified guiding principles and methods for the work of ancient TCM books, and promote the sharing and utilization of ancient TCM books.

Objective To explore the acupoint selection patterns in acupuncture treatment for cognitive impairment in Alzheimer's disease based on data mining technology,and to provide references for clinical practice.Methods Computer searches were conducted in major databases including the China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),Wanfang Academic Journal Full-Text Database(Wanfang),VIP China Science and Technology Journal Database(VIP),China Biology Medicine(CBM),PubMed,Web of Science,and Embase.Clinical research literature on acupuncture treatment for cognitive impairment in Alzheimer's disease from the inception of the databases to May 1,2024 was selected.Microsoft Excel 2019 was used to establish a database of acupuncture prescriptions,and SPSS Statistics 24.0 and SPSS Modeler 18.0 were used for association analysis and cluster analysis to explore the acupoint selection patterns in acupuncture treatment for cognitive impairment in Alzheimer's disease.Results A total of 48 articles were included,involving 73 acupoints with a total frequency of 327 uses.The analysis of acupoints showed that the selection of acupoints mainly focused on the governor vessel and head/neck regions.The top three most frequently used acupoints were Baihui(GV20),Sishencong(EX-HN1),and Shenting(GV24).The association rule analysis indicated that the acupoint groups with the highest confidence were Baihui-Dazhui(GV14),Baihui-Shenting,Baihui-Sishencong,Baihui-Neiguan(PC6),and Baihui-Shenshu(BL23).The high-frequency cluster analysis revealed four clusters:Sanyinjiao(SP6)-Benshen(GB13),Shenmen(HT7)-Yintang(EX-HN3)-Taichong(LR3)-Fenglong(ST40)-Shenshu-Dazhui(GV14),Taixi(KI3)-Neiguan-Zusanli(ST36)-Guanyuan(CV4),and Fengchi(GB20)-Shenting.Conclusion In acupuncture treatment for cognitive impairment in Alzheimer's disease,acupoint selection mainly focuses on the governor vessel and head/neck regions.The combination of"Baihui-Sishencong-Shenting-Fengchi"can be used as the core acupoint selection in clinical treatment,and it can be adjusted based on syndrome differentiation and treatment in clinical practice.

Objective To investigate the role of microRNA(miR)-299-3p in regulating the pro-liferation,invasion,and migration of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells through phosphatidylinositol 3-ki-nase(PI3 K)/protein kinase B(AKT)signaling pathway.Methods The human nasopharyngeal car-cinoma cell line CNE2 was randomly divided into three groups:control group(no expression of miR-299-3 p),over-expression group overexpression of miR-299-3p,and miR-299-3p low-expression group(low expression of miR-299-3p).CCK-8 experiment was to detect cell proliferation rate,flow cytome-try was to detect apoptosis rate,Transwell chamber was to detect invasion and migration,Western blot was to detect p-PI3K and p-AKT protein expressions,real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction was to detect miR-299-3p expressions.Results Compared with the control group,the over-expression group showed significant decreases in cell proliferation rate,the number of cells with invasion and migration,increase in apoptosis rate;compared with the control group,the low-expres-sion group showed significant increases in cell proliferation rate,the number of cells with invasion and migration,phosphorylated PI3K(p-PI3K)and phosphorylated AKT(p-AKT)protein expression,de-crease in apoptosis rate(P＜0.05).Conclusion Over-expression of miR-299-3p may affect the pro-liferation,invasion,and migration behaviors of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells by inhibiting PI3K/AKT signaling pathway activity.

Objective To investigate the influences of arctigenin(ATG)on ventricular remodeling and inflammatory reaction in chronic heart failure(CHF)rats,and to analyze its potential mecha-nism.Methods A total of 79 SD rats were randomly divided into sham operation group(n=12),and the remaining rats were inflicted with abdominal aortic coarctation to establish a rat CHF model.After modeling,60 CHF rats were randomly divided into CHF group,low and high dose ATG group(ATG-L and ATG-H groups,10 and 20 mg/kg,respectively),ATG+NC group[20 mg/kg ATG+100 μl high mobility group protein B1(HMGB1)negative control plasmid],and ATG+HMGB1 group(20 mg/kg ATG+100 pl HMGB1 overexpression plasmid),with 12 rats per group.After 4 weeks of corresponding intervention,heart function,levels of B-type brain na-triuretic peptide(BNP),N-terminal B-type brain natriuretic peptide precursor(NT-proBNP)andIL-6 and TNF-α,heart mass index(HMI)and left ventricular mass index(LVMI),pathological changes of myocardial tissue,cross-sectional area of myocardial cells and myocardial collagen vol-ume fraction(CVF)and protein expression of HMGB1/Toll-like receptor 4(TLR4)/NF-κB sig-naling pathway in left ventricular myocardial tissue were measured.Results Compared with the sham operation group,myocardial tissue HMGB1(0.42±0.05 vs 0.15±0.02)and TLR4(0.70± 0.09 vs 0.21±0.04)protein levels,and phosphorylated NF-κB p65(p-NF-κB p65)/NF-κB p65(0.73±0.09 vs 0.26±0.05)protein ratio were obviously increased in the CHF group,while the left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF)and left ventricular short-axis fractional shortening(LVFS)were obviously decreased(P＜0.05).Myocardial tissue HMGB1(0.33±0.04、0.24±0.04 vs 0.42±0.05)and TLR4(0.56±0.06、0.41±0.05 vs 0.70±0.09)protein levels,and p-NF κB p65/NF-KB p65(0.61±0.08、0.49±0.06 vs 0.73±0.09)protein ratio were decreased,and the LVEF and LVFS were increased in the ATG-L group and ATG-H group than the CHF group(P＜0.05).Overexpression of HMGB1 obviously attenuated the inhibitory effects of ATG on HMGB1/TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway,ventricular remodeling,and inflammatory reaction in CHF rats(P＜0.05).Conclusion ATG may suppress ventricular remodeling in CHF rats by in-hibiting HMGB1/TLR4/NF-κB signaling inflammatory pathway.

By analysing the similarity between defense qi and leukocytes in terms of function， site of action， and circadian rhythm， it is proposed that in traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）， the pathogenesis of leukopenia is defense qi deficiency. By analyzing the relevant discussions on the generation and transmission of defense qi in TCM classics， it is believed that the original qi in lower jiao （焦） is the source of defense qi， while the water and grain qi in middle jiao enriches defense qi， and the upper jiao transmits and distributes defense qi to the whole body. Therefore， when treating leukopenia after chemotherapy with TCM， Guilu Erxian Gelatin （龟鹿二仙胶） and Yougui Pill （右归丸） are often used to tonify the kidney and supplement essence， and moxibustion at Guanyuan （CV 4） and Qihai （CV 6） is usually accompanied to replenish the original qi in lower jiao and enrich the source of defense qi. Guipi Decoction （归脾汤）， Buzhong Yiqi Decoction （补中益气汤）， Shenling Baizhu Powder （参苓白术散）， and Sijunzi Decoction （四君子汤） are often suggested to strengthen spleen and replenish qi， in combination with moxibustion at Zhongwan （CV 12） and Zusanli （ST 36） to transport the spleen and stomach in the middle jiao to enrich the defense qi. Modified Guizhi Decoction （桂枝汤） to harmonize nutrient and defensive aspects is often used， and moxibustion at Dazhui （GV 14） and Feishu （BL 13） or scraping is added to dredge the striae and interstice in the upper jiao and promote transmission and dissemination of the defense qi. Considering the whole process of generation and distribution of defense qi， it is suggested to choose the most appropriate treatment modality flexibly， and combine internal treatment with external treatment， in order to provide ideas for the treatment of leukopenia in tumour patients.

AIM: To compare the outcome of C3F8 versus silicone oil tamponade after pars plana vitrectomy(PPV)and inverted internal limiting membrane(ILM)for the treatment of highly myopic macular hole retinal detachment(MHRD).METHODS: Retrospective clinical study. Totally 45 patients(45 eyes)with highly myopic MHRD who visited our hospital between January 2019 and August 2022 were selected as the research subjects. The patients were divided into two groups according to different intraocular tamponade agents: C3F8(22 eyes)and silicone oil(23 eyes)groups. All patients underwent conventional three-incision PPV, ILM was tamped, a venous blood clot was placed on the tamped ILM, and 15% C3F8 and silicone oil were used as tamponade, respectively. The best corrected visual acuity(BCVA), multifocal electroretinogram(mfERG), the closure of the macular hole, retinal reattachment and the complications were observed.RESULTS: The macular hole closure rate was 77% in the C3F8 group and 83% in the silicone oil group, respectively(P>0.05), and retinal reattachment rates were 95% and 96%, respectively(P>0.05). The visual acuity of the two groups significantly improved, which was 0.99±0.34 and 1.22±0.37, respectively, and the C3F8 group was better than that of the silicone oil group(t=-2.156, P=0.037). After operation, the response density of the first ring of P1 wave in the first order kernel in mfERG was 114.27±26.37 nV/deg2 for the C3F8 group and 98.08±24.36 nV/deg2 for the silicone oil group, and the response density of the second ring of P1 wave was 80.45±14.94 nV/deg2 for the C3F8 group and 67.73±15.33 nV/deg2 for the silicone oil group, all of which were significantly higher compared to pre-operation [the response density of the first ring of P1 wave: 58.13±13.96 nV/deg2 for the C3F8 group and 55.30±10.48 nV/deg2 for the silicone oil group, the response density of the second ring of P1 wave: 51.18±8.19 nV/deg2 for the C3F8 group and 47.43±11.97 nV/deg2 for the silicone oil group](all P<0.05). It was found that the response density of the first ring of P1 wave was lower in the silicone oil group than in the C3F8 group(P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of complications between the two groups(P>0.05).CONCLUSION: Silicone oil tamponade or C3F8 tamponade after PPV combined with ILM can both promote retinal reattachment and macular hole closure in patients with MHRD, and the C3F8 tamponade was superior to silicone oil in visual function recovery.

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics,diagnosis,treatment,and prognosis of descending necrotizing mediastinitis(DNM)to provide a reference for the early diagnosis and timely treatment of DNM.Methods Data on DNM in China was electronically retrieved from the core databases and comprehensively reviewed from June 2012 to June 2023.The infection,pathogenic microorganisms,main symptoms,comorbidities and treatment methods of DNM were analyzed.Results The data of a total of 781 DNM patients,with an average age of(52.97±5.64)years,were retrieved,including 554 males and 227 females.Odontogenic source,tonsillitis,pharyngeal abscess,sialoadenitis,upper respiratory tract infection,foreign body injury,or iatrogenic traumatic procedures are common causes.Among these,odontogenic infection is the most common source.Streptococcus sp.(n=217)and Staphylococcus sp.(n=82)were most isolated,followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa(equally n=59).A total of 69.4％(542/781)of DNM patients recruited in this study were discovered to have various comorbidities,and more than one-third of these patients(n=185)had diabetes.Of the broad antibiotics,carbapenem was most frequently used as treatment,and vancomycin was the most frequently coadministered.The mediastinal drainage approach varies widely,and the optimal regimen is still unknown.Seventy-two patients were treated with video-assisted thoracoscopic/mediastinoscopic surgical drainage,22 patients were treated with percutaneous catheter drainage,30 underwent the transcervical approach,and 40 underwent thoracotomy.A total of 617 patients who were selected underwent the appropriate combined operation for surgical drainage according to the specific location of the infected focus.The overall mortality rate of all 781 DNM pa-tients included was 11.2％.Conclusion The most effective diagnosis and treatment of DNM is a high degree of clini-cal vigilance followed by prompt and adequate drainage with intensive care,including hemodynamic monitoring,nutri-tional support,computer tomographic scanning repeated as necessary,and combined use of systemic antibiotics.