Objective To prepare a thermosensitive hydrogel scaffold loaded with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells（BMSCs） and resveratrol liposomes （RSV-LIP） to form a therapeutic unit and evaluate its treatment efficacy for traumatic brain injury （TBI）. Methods BMSCs were extracted from rats, and RSV-LIP was prepared and characterized. Cell models were constructed to investigate the pharmacological effects of BMSCs combined with RSV-LIP. BMSCs and RSV-LIP were then loaded into the hydrogel, and a TBI mouse model was established to evaluate the therapeutic effects of the hydrogel. Results The RSV-LIP had a particle size of 127.8 nm, a Zeta potential of −4.9 mV, an encapsulation efficiency of 78.50%, and a drug loading content of 2.37%. Live-dead staining indicated good biocompatibility of the hydrogel. The combination of BMSCs and RSV-LIP significantly inhibited TNF-α and reduced ROS levels, promoting cell migration in scratch assays. Compared to the control group, the hydrogel group showed significantly lower mNSS scores （P<0.01）, higher hanging scores （P<0.001）, and reduced stepping errors （P<0.001）. Conclusion The combination of BMSCs and RSV-LIP exhibited antioxidative stress, anti-inflammatory, and neurogenic cell migration-promoting effects. When loaded into a hydrogel scaffold and locally implanted, it could improve the motor and sensory functions in TBI mice.

BACKGROUND: Concurrent chemo-radiotherapy (CCRT) is the standard treatment for locally advanced cervical cancer (LACC), but there are still many patients who suffer tumor recurrence. However, valuable predictors of treatment outcomes remain limited. This study aimed to assess the value of the serum immune biomarkers to predict the prognosis. METHODS: We reviewed cervical cancer patients treated with CCRT between January 2014 and May 2018 at Peking Union Medical College Hospital. The systemic immune inflammation index (SII), systemic inflammation response index (SIRI), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were calculated using blood samples. The relationship between immune markers and the treatment outcome was analyzed. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the predictive efficiency. The Cox proportional hazards model and log-rank were used to predict overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). RESULTS: This study included 667 patients. Among them, 195 (29.2%) patients were defined as treatment failure, including 127 (19.0%) patients with pelvic failure, 94 (14.1%) distant failure, and 25 (3.7%) concurrent pelvic and distant failure. It revealed that the tumor stage, size, metastatic lymph nodes (MLNs), and serum immune biomarkers, such as SII, SIRI, and LDH, were significantly related to treatment outcomes. We demonstrated that the optimal cut-off of the SII, SIRI, and LDH were 970.4 × 10 9 /L, 1.3 × 10 9 /L, and 207.52 U/L, respectively. Importantly, this study presented that LDH level had the highest OR (OR = 4.2; 95% CI [2.3-10.8]). Furthermore, the OS and DFS for patients with pre-SII ≥970.5 × 10 9 /L were significantly worse than those with pre-SII <970.5 × 10 9 /L. Similarly, pre-SIRI ≥1.25 × 10 9 /L and pre-LDH ≥207.5 U/L were related to poor survival outcomes. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated that the baseline SII, SIRI, and LDH levels can be used to accurately and effectively predict the treatment outcomes after CCRT and long-term prognosis. Our results may offer additional prognostic information in clinical, which helps to detect the potential recurrent metastasis in time.
Humans ; Female ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/drug therapy* ; Middle Aged ; Adult ; Aged ; Chemoradiotherapy/methods* ; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase/blood* ; Treatment Outcome ; Disease-Free Survival ; Prognosis ; ROC Curve ; Biomarkers, Tumor/blood* ; Proportional Hazards Models

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the effect of needle knife release on median nerve (MN) and transverse carpal ligament (TCL) morphology and function and expression levels of inflammatory factors in rabbit models of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). Methods Thirty adult New Zealand rabbits were randomized equally into control group, CTS model group, ultrasound-guided needle knife release group, needle knife release group without ultrasound guidance, and sham treatment groups. In all but the control group, the rabbits were subjected to CTS modeling by 10% glucose solution injection into the carpal tunnel once a week for 4 consecutive weeks, followed by interventions with a single treatment session. At 3 days and 30 days after the interventions, 3 rabbits from each group were selected for ultrasound measurement of TCL and MN thickness, electrophysiological testing, ultrasound elastography, and inflammatory cytokine level assessment. RESULTS: In the rabbit models of CTS, ultrasound-guided needle knife release significantly reduced the thickness of TCL and MN and improved sensory nerve conduction velocity at both 3 and 30 days after the intervention. Elastography of the TCL showed markedly softened intra-carpal tissues after ultrasound-guided needle knife release and achieved superior outcomes over those in the other groups. The treatment also significantly reduced IL-17 levels and lowered IL-6 and PGE2 expression at 30 days after the intervention. CONCLUSIONS Needle knife release of the TCL reduces thickness of the MN and TCL, enhances median nerve function, alleviates intrascatic tissue stiffness, and downregulates inflammatory factors in the carpal tunnel in rabbit models of CTS, and ultrasound guidance further enhances its therapeutic efficacy.
Animals ; Rabbits ; Carpal Tunnel Syndrome/surgery* ; Median Nerve/physiopathology* ; Disease Models, Animal

Objective:To investigate the light exposure in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), and to explore the effect of light management on the growth and development of premature infants.Methods:This study adopted a quasi-experimental research method. Sixty-three premature infants hospitalized in NICU of Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital Affiliated to Jiangnan University from January to December 2021 were selected by convenience sampling as the control group, and conventional premature infant care measures were implemented, while 60 hospitalized premature infants from January to December 2022 were selected as the observation group, and NICU light management strategies were implemented. The light intensity, bad light exposure, the growth of body mass, body length, hospitalization days of premature infants during hospitalization, and the feeding of premature infants during hospitalization were compared between the two groups.Results:Sixty-three patients were enrolled in the control group, including 28 males and 35 females with a gestational age of (32. 13 ± 1.94) weeks, while 60 patients were enrolled in the observation group, including 32 males and 28 females with a gestational age of (31. 79 ± 1.83) weeks. The daytime and nighttime illuminations in the observation group were (413.79 ± 181.95) and (18.95 ± 12.43) lux, which were better than those in the control group (145.12 ± 99.56) and (53.25 ± 38.34) lux, respectively. The rate of bad light exposure in the observation group was 18.2% (183/1 008). The difference was statistically significant ( t=-29.08, 11.55, χ2=126.99, all P<0.05). In the observation group, the body mass, weekly length gain, hospitalization days, milk intake and age at full feeding on the 7th and 14th day of birth were (1.74 ± 0.32) kg, (1.88 ± 0.32) kg, (1.63 ± 0.60) cm, (26.92 ± 12.32) d, (125.60 ± 69.43) ml/d, (239.33 ± 92.83) ml/d, (15.07 ± 10.01) d, and (1.58 ± 0.31) kg, (1.73 ± 0.31) kg, (1.39 ± 0.48) cm, (32.00 ± 14.00) d, (100.83 ± 68.54) ml/d, (195.05 ± 111.22) ml/d, (18.95 ± 10.76) d in the control group. There were significant differences between the two groups ( t values were -2.89 to 2.13, all P<0.05). Conclusions:The implementation of light management strategy in NICU can effectively reduce the bad light exposure of premature infants, promote their growth and development and shorten the length of hospital stay, which is worthy of clinical application.

Objective To study and compare the oral microbiota and metabolites of children with Henoch Schonlein purpura(HSP)to identify specific microbiota and metabolites related to this disease and elucidate the pathogenesis of HSP.Methods Three groups of qualified subjects were included,including 20 in the HSP group,20 in the HSP nephritis(HSPN)group,and 20 in the control group.Perform high-throughput 16S rRNA sequencing and metabolic profiling of saliva from each group to analyze the correlation between differential microbiota and differ-ential metabolites.Results(1)Compared with the control group,there was a significant difference in richness and diversity in the HSPN group(P＜0.05).At the same time,there was no significant difference in richness and diver-sity in the HSP group(P＞0.05).Compared with the HSP group,the abundance,and diversity of the HSPN group were significantly increased(P＜0.05).At the genus level,the proportion of Streptococcus in each group is the high-est.Compared with the control group,there was no significant correlation between the HSP group and the genus of bacteria.In contrast,the HSPN group showed a significant increase in the genera of Pseudomonas and Parabacteroi-des(P＜0.05).Compared with the HSP group,the abundance of Pseudomonas and Parabacteroides in the HSPN group was significantly increased(P＜0.05).(2)Compared with the control group,the HSPN group had 12 differen-tial metabolites involving nine metabolic pathways,such as phenylalanine metabolism;There was no significant dif-ference in metabolites and no metabolic pathway in the HSP group.Compared with the HSP group,the HSPN group has 15 differential metabolites involving nine metabolic pathways,such as phenylalanine metabolism.(3)In the HSPN and control groups,Pseudomonas and Parabacteroides negatively correlated with Phenylalanine metabolic pathway products.In the HSPN and HSP groups,Pseudomonas,Parabacteroides,and Phenylalanine metabolic path-way products were negatively correlated.The metabolites involved in phenylalanine metabolism in the oral cavity are 2-hydroxycinnamic acid,Phenylpyruvic acid,and N-acetyl-L-phenylalanine.Conclusion There is a significant dif-ference between HSPN and HSP children and healthy children.Streptococcus,Pseudomonas,and Parabacteroides may be one of the trigger factors of HSPN,and Phenylalanine metabolism may be one of the pathways in the patho-genesis of HSPN.Children with HSPN have a more pronounced imbalance in oral microbiota and greater differences in metabolic products than children with HSP.

Objective:To evaluate the characteristics, clinical management and clinical outcomes of type 2 intestinal failure (IF).Methods:A descriptive case-control study was carried out. The inclusion criteria were as follows: (1) the diagnosis of IF was performed according to the European Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (ESPEN) consensus statement. (2) using a requirement for parenteral nutrition (PN) of 28 days or more as surrogate marker. (3) a multidisciplinary team (MDT) included surgeons, nutritionist, pharmacist, stoma therapists, and critical care physicians. (4) complete laboratory data. Patients with type 1 and type 3 IF and those who do not cooperate with follow-up. All the data of 67 type II IF were collected from the database in Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital from Jan 2016 to Dec 2023. The pathophysiology, clinical management, and outcomes of type II IF were analyzed.Results:A total of 67 type II IF were included. The median age was 54 (15-83) with 43 males and 24 females. The body mass index was (17.5±3.8) kg/m 2, the incidence of malnutrition was 67.2% (45/67), the incidence of sarcopenia was 74.6% (50/67), the median number of previous surgeries was 2.0 (1-13), and the median duration time of PN was 2.1 (1-12) months. The underlying disease of type 2 IF included 36 Crohn`s disease, 2 ulcerative colitis, 3 radiation enteritis, 2 intestinal Behcet's disease, 4 mesenteric infarction, 1 aggressive fibromatosis, 5 abdominal cocoon syndrome, 5 gastrointestinal perforation, 1 hernia, 4 intestinal dysmotility, and 4 other reasons (gastrointestinal tumor, trauma, and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma). According to the pathophysiology of IF, there were 33 intestinal fistula, 12 intestinal dysmotility, 6 mechanical obstruction, 13 short bowel syndrome, and 3 extensive small bowel mucosal disease. After treatment with MDT, 67 patients with type 2 IF received nutritional support therapy for intestinal rehabilitation treatment, of which 36 patients recovered with oral diet or enteral nutrition, 31 patients underwent reconstructive surgery after intestinal rehabilitation treatment failure. The median duration time of reconstructive surgery was 2.7 (1-9) months. 24 patients recovered intestinal autonomy after surgery, with 7 deaths, including 6 deaths due to abdominal infections and 1 case of intestinal dysmotility with abiotrophy and liver failure. Conclusion:Standardized multidisciplinary treatment plays an important role in type II intestinal failure, and it promotes patients with intestinal failure regain enteral autonomy.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of transurethral resection of bladder tumor(TURBT)in treating cystitis glandularis(CG),and to explore the influencing factors.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 243 CG patients treated with TURBT during Jan.2013 and Dec.2020 in our hospitals.Postoperative efficacy was assessed using global response assessment(GRA).The correlation between GRA score and the demographic characteristics,comorbidities,initial complaints,and postoperative recurrence was determined with logistic regression analysis.Results Among the 243 patients,3.70％(9/243)had dysplasia,2.47％(6/243)had exuberant hyperplasia of Brinell's nest,and 2.06％(5/243)had intestinal metaplasia.The mean GRA score was(2.02±0.72)after a follow-up of(47.10±28.53)months.Re-operation was performed in 10.29％(25/243)of the patients due to recurrence,and the improvement of hydronephrosis and dysuria was 70.59％(12/17)and 50.00％(15/30),respectively.Pelvic fat increase developed in 1 patient(0.41％)after surgery.Logistic regression analysis showed that postoperative GRA score was not significantly correlated with demographic characteristics,body mass index,comorbidities,alcoholism and postoperative recurrence(P＞0.05).Conclusion TURBT is an effective method in the treatment of CG,which can significantly improve patients'hydronephrosis and dysuria.However,approximately 10％of the patients experience recurrence,necessitating further surgery,which suggests the need for vigilance regarding potential recurrence during treatment.

Objective:To study the clinical manifestations, genetic profiles and treatment of Kagami-Ogata syndrome (KOS).Methods:A neonate admitted to our hospital was genetically diagnosed of KOS from amniocentesis sampling. The phenotype, genotype and treatment of the neonate were analyzed. Multiple databases were searched using key words including "Kagami-Ogata syndrome", "14q32 microdeletion syndrome", "coat-hanger ribs", "paternal uniparental disomy (pUPD)(14) " from the inception of the databases to Jan. 23th 2023. The clinical features, genotype and treatment of patients from the literature were summarized.Results:The neonate in our hospital was born at 30 weeks gestational age with a birth weight of 2 035 g. Prenatal ultrasound indicated overgrowth, bilateral fetal renal pelvis dilatation (FRPD), dilatation of intestines in lower abdomen, clenched hands with overlapping fingers and polyhydramnios. After birth, the neonate showed progressively worsening respiratory distress, distinct facial features (small jaw, short neck, flat nasal bridge, upward-facing nostrils, small and malformed ears with auricular deformity and narrow external auditory canals), bell-shaped thorax, diastasis recti and abnormal posture (overlapping fingers, clenched fists), as well as feeding difficulties, recurrent fever and dependence of respiratory support. Whole exome sequencing (WES) revealed a 268.2Kb deletion (101034306_101302541) in 14q32.2 region on both the neonate and the mother and the father was otherwise normal. The prognosis was poor and the parents refused further treatment. The neonate died at one month of age after two days of palliative care. A total of 36 articles were identified in the literature review, including 78 KOS cases with complete clinical data (a total of 79 cases adding our case).The primary clinical manifestations included distinctive facial and thoracic abnormalities (79/79, 100%), polyhydramnios (71/75, 94.7%), feeding difficulties (55/63, 87.3%), abdominal wall defects (57/72, 79.2%), joint contractures (39/70, 55.7%) and dependence of respiratory support (29/56, 51.8%). Long-term follow-up revealed 86.8% (59/68) experienced physical, movement and intellectual development delay, 39.7% (25/63) died or gave up treatments within five years. Genetic testing showed pUPD in 44 cases (55.7%), maternal deletions in 23 cases (29.1%), epimutations in 8 cases (10.1%) and unreported variations in 4 cases (5.1%).Conclusions:KOS is a genetic imprinting disorder affecting multiple organs. Prenatal screening can detect abnormalities such as polyhydramnios. Specific clinical signs, radiological findings and 14q32 gene analysis are helpful for the diagnosis of the disease.

Objective:To study the clinical characteristics and risk factors of nephrocalcinosis in preterm infants.Methods:From March 2021 to August 2021, all preterm infants admitted to NICU of our hospital were retrospectively analyzed. The infants were assigned into nephrocalcinosis group and non-nephrocalcinosis group according to urinary tract ultrasound. Clinical data including gestational age, birth weight(BW), nutritional support strategy and complications were reviewed.Results:A total of 40 preterm infants (<34 weeks) were enrolled. 9 cases were in the nephrocalcinosis group and 31 cases in the non-nephrocalcinosis group. The nephrocalcinosis group had lower BW[(1 167±214) g vs.(1 586±215) g], higher calcium [6.9 (5.1, 8.7) g vs.3.3 (2.1, 6.8) g] and vitamin D intake [3.2(2.5, 4.2)×10 4U vs.1.7(1.1, 3.2)×10 4U] during hospitalization. No significant differences existed between the two groups on the following items:blood calcium and phosphate, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, feeding strategy, time to reach full enteral feeding(TFF), furosemide dosage and respiratory support duration ( P>0.05). In the nephrocalcinosis group, the median age of diagnosing nephrocalcinosis was 40.0(30.0, 52.5)d after birth. 5 cases showed bilateral nephrocalcinosis. 5 cases in the nephrocalcinosis group received renal tubule function examination,4 cases had increased urine β2 microglobulin and 2 cases had increased urine α1 microglobulin. 7 cases had elevated urine calcium in the nephrocalcinosis group. Follow-up showed that nephrocalcinosis disappeared 3-9 months after birth. Conclusions:BW, total calcium and vitamin D intake are risk factors for nephrocalcinosis in preterm infants. Increased urine β2 microglobulin and calcium levels are common co-morbidities in preterm infants with nephrocalcinosis.

Bronchial asthma （asthma for short） is a common clinical respiratory disease mainly characterized by chronic airway inflammation， with complicated pathogenesis and a long treatment cycle. It is lingering and difficult to be cured， and lack specific drugs. Oxidative stress is a new focus in the research on the pathogenesis of asthma and a potential key target for the treatment. Under physiological conditions， the oxidative and antioxidative systems in the body are in a dynamic balance， and the two antagonize each other to maintain normal life activities. In the case of asthma attack， oxidation products such as reactive oxygen species （ROS）， malondialdehyde （MDA）， and nitric oxide （NO） are produced excessively， while the content of antioxidants such as superoxide dismutase （SOD）， catalase （CAT）， and glutathione （GSH） is reduced. As a result， the oxidation exceeds the removal of oxidation products， which aggravates oxidative stress. In addition， the overproduction of ROS activates oxidative stress-related signaling pathways to produce pro-inflammatory factors， exacerbating inflammation， which leads to lung and airway tissue damage. In recent years， traditional Chinese medicine has garnering increasing attention because of the unique advantages in the treatment of asthma， especially in regulating redox balance， alleviating oxidative stress in asthma patients， and reducing inflammation. On the one hand， by inhibiting the mitogen-activated protein kinase （MAPK） and transcription factor （NF）-κB signaling pathways， traditional Chinese medicine can reduce the content of oxidation products and pro-inflammatory factors from the source. On the other hand， by activating the nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 （NrF2） signaling pathway， traditional Chinese medicine can elevate the levels of antioxidant enzymes and enhance the antioxidant system to neutralize the excessive accumulation of oxidation products. Therefore， the adjustment of redox balance state by traditional Chinese medicine may be a new means and a new direction for the prevention and treatment of asthma in the future. This paper summarizes the oxidative stress-related pathways in the pathogenesis of asthma and reviews the latest research progress in the regulation of oxidative stress-related pathways by Chinese medicine extracts and prescriptions in the treatment of asthma， with a view to providing a fuller， more solid， and more scientific theoretical basis for the clinical and basic research on the prevention and treatment of asthma by traditional Chinese medicine.