Objective: To compare the biological characteristics of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived platelet exosomes (hiPSC-Plt-Exos) with those of conventional apheresis platelet exosomes (Plt-Exos), specifically focusing on their differential abilities to enhance the proliferation and migration of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs). Methods: Exosomes were isolated from hiPSC-derived Plt and apheresis Plt concentrate using size exclusion chromatography. These exosomes were then characterized through nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and Western blotting. Co-culture experiments into hUC-MSCs were conducted with hiPSC-Plt-Exos and apheresis Plt-Exos, respectively. Their effects on the proliferation and migration of hUC-MSCs were assessed via cell proliferation assays and scratch tests. Results: hiPSC-Plt-Exos and apheresis Plt-Exos exhibited comparable particle sizes, morphological features (such as the characteristic cup-shaped structure), and surface markers (including CD9 and HSP70). Notably, hiPSC-Plt-Exos demonstrated a significantly greater ability to enhance the proliferation and migration of hUC-MSCs compared to apheresis Plt-Exos (P<0.05). These differences provide critical comparative data for their application in various clinical contexts. Conclusion: This study establishes a theoretical foundation for developing precise therapeutic strategies based on hiPSC-Plt-Exos. Furthermore, it underscores the necessity of selecting the appropriate type of exosomes according to the specific disease microenvironment to achieve optimal therapeutic outcomes.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the construction of a canine model of vascularized allogeneic spinal cord transplantation (vASCT) and preliminarily evaluate its therapeutic efficacy for spinal cord injury (SCI). METHODS: Sixteen female Beagle dogs aged 8-12 months were randomly selected, with 8 dogs serving as donors for the harvesting of spinal cord tissue with a vascular pedicle [dorsal intercostal artery (DIA) at the T₁₀ level and accompanying vein]. The remaining 8 dogs underwent a 1.5-cm-length spinal cord defect at the T₁₀ level, followed by transplantation of the donor spinal cord tissue for repair. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) was applied to both ends to spinal cord graft; then, using a random number table method, the dogs were divided into an experimental group (n=4) and a control group (n=4). The experimental group received immunosuppressive intervention with oral tacrolimus [0.1 mg/(kg∙d)] postoperatively, while the control group received no treatment. The operation time and ischemia-reperfusion time of two groups were recorded. The recovery of hind limb function was estimated by Olby score within 2 months after operation; the motor evoked potentials (MEP) was measured through neuroelectrophysiological examination, and the spinal cord integrity was observed through MRI. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in the operation time and ischemia-reperfusion time between the two groups (P>0.05). All dogs survived until the completion of the experiment. Within 2 months after operation, all dogs in the control group failed to regain the movement function of hind limbs, and Olby scores were all 0. In the experimental group, the movement and weight-bearing, as well as walking abilities of the hind limbs gradually recovered, and the Olby scores also showed a gradually increasing trend. There was a significant difference between the two groups from 3 to 8 weeks after operation (P<0.05). Neuroelectrophysiological examination indicated that the electrical signals of the experimental group passed through the transplanted area, and the latency was shortened compared to that at 1 month after operation (P<0.05), showing continuous improvement, but the amplitude did not show significant improvement (P>0.05). The control group was unable to detect any MEP changes after operation. MRI examination showed that the transplanted spinal cord in the experimental group survived and had good continuity with normal spinal cord tissue, while no relevant change was observed in the control group. CONCLUSION The vASCT model of dogs was successfully constructed. This surgical procedure can restore the continuity of the spinal cord. The combination of tacrolimus anti-immunity is a key factor for the success of transplantation.
Animals ; Dogs ; Female ; Spinal Cord/blood supply* ; Spinal Cord Injuries/surgery* ; Transplantation, Homologous ; Disease Models, Animal ; Recovery of Function ; Plastic Surgery Procedures/methods* ; Tacrolimus ; Immunosuppressive Agents

Heracleum candicans is extensively utilized for its abundant medicinal components,which are applied in various treatments,including insecticides,hemostatic agents,dispersing wind,relieving cough,and alleviating rheumatic pain.This paper reviewed the various chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of Heracleum candicans.It aims to provide new insights for its promotion and application,as well as to provide a basis for establishing quality standards for Heracleum candicans.

Objective:To systematically evaluate the effectiveness and feasibility of aerobic exercise intervention in schizophrenia patients.Methods:Randomized controlled trials on exercise interventions for patients with schizophrenia were searched in eight databases from built up to March 2023, including China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), VIP Database for Chinese Technical Periodicals (VIP), WanFang Data, China Biomedical Literature Database, PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE and Web of Science. The positive and negative symptom scale (PANSS) and its sub-scales were used as primary outcome indicators, and the negative symptom scale (SANS) and body mass index (BMI) were used as secondary indicators, and Meta-analysis was performed using R 4.1.0 and Stata 14.0.Results:Forty-seven studies including 3 139 patients with schizophrenia were included. Results of a network Meta-analysis based on 24 studies showed that aerobic exercise may be the most effective measure for reducing total PANSS scores in patients with schizophrenia. Compared to conventional treatment, combining aerobic exercise intervention improved patients' PANSS total score (MD= -5.09, 95% CI: -5.90~-4.28), SANS (MD= -12.17, 95% CI: -14.25~-10.10), and BMI (MD=-1.59, 95% CI: -1.93~-1.25). Meanwhile, subgroup analysis showed that 2 months of intervention was more appropriate (MD=-6.12, 95% CI: -7.22~-5.02) and the weekly total exercise time for 140-260 min was more appropriate (MD=-8.59, 95% CI: -12.93~-4.25) in terms of total PANSS score. The adherence rates between the trial and control groups showed no significant difference between the aerobic exercise intervention combined with conventional treatment and conventional treatment alone( P>0.05). Conclusion:Aerobic exercise intervention is an effective measure to relieve the symptoms of schizophrenia patients and has good compliance among inpatients.

Objective To investigate the expression of Nanog and its regulatory relationship with MMP-2/MMP-9 proteins in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC).Methods We detected Nanog and MMP-2/MMP-9 protein expressions in 127 ESCC tissues and 82 adjacent normal tissues using immunohistochemistry and explored their correlations with the clinicopathological parameters and prognosis of the patients.GEO database was utilized to analyze the pathways enriched with the stemness-related molecules including Nanog,and TIMER online tool was used to analyze the correlations among TβR1,MMP-2,and MMP-9 in esophageal cancer.Results Nanog and MMP-2/MMP-9 proteins were significantly upregulated in ESCC tissues and positively intercorrelated.Their expression levels were closely correlated with infiltration depth and lymph node metastasis of ESCC but not with age,gender,or tumor differentiation.The patients with high expressions of Nanog and MMP-2/MMP-9 had significantly shorter survival time.Bioinformatics analysis showed enrichment of stemness-associated molecules in the TGF-β signaling pathway,and the expressions of MMP-2/MMP-9 and TβR1 were positively correlated.In cultured ESCC cells,Nanog knockdown significantly decreased the expression of TβR1,p-Smad2/3,MMP-2,and MMP-9 and strongly inhibited cell migration.Conclusion The high expressions of Nanog,MMP-2,and MMP-9,which are positively correlated,are closely related with invasion depth,lymph node metastasis,and prognosis of ESCC.Nanog regulates the expressions of MMP-2/MMP-9 proteins through the TGF-β signaling pathway,and its high expression promotes migration of ESCC cells.

Objective To explore the candidate genes and potential molecular mechanisms of anti-neutrophil cyto-plasmic antibodies(ANCA)-associated vasculitis by bioinformatics and experimental validation,and to provide a scientific theoretical basis for the treatment of potential inflammatory targets for ANCA-associated vasculitis.Meth-ods The GSE108109 chip data was retrieved from the Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO)database,and the differ-ential genes were processed,analyzed and screened using the R language related program package.Kyoto encyclo-pedia of genes and genomes(KEGG)and gene ontology(GO)enrichment analysis was carried out using DAVID online network cable,and the interaction network of the protein encoded by the selected genes of inflammatory syn-drome was constructed through STRING website.Further endogenous competitive RNA(ceRNA)regulatory net-work was predicted and constructed through miRWalk and DIANA-LncBase databases,and key genes were screened from the network to draw ROC curve.The renal biopsy samples of patients with ANCA-associated vasculi-tis confirmed by our hospital were collected as the experimental group,and the renal biopsy samples of IgA ne-phropathy and micro-adaptive nephropathy were collected as the control group.Immunohistochemical staining was performed on the collected renal biopsy samples,and the average optical density was calculated by semi-quantita-tive analysis of immunohistochemical staining to further verify the expression of the key genes screened by the bioin-formatics analysis.Pearson linear correlation analysis was performed between the average optical density results and the clinical inflammatory data of patients.Results 846 differential genes were screened,of which 444 genes were significantly up-regulated and 402 genes were significantly down-regulated.Through KEGG and GO analysis,im-portant differentially expressed genes related to inflammation regulation were obtained.Among them,CSF1R and TNFRSF1B,two differentially expressed genes never reported in ANCA-associated vasculitis,attracted our atten-tion.At the same time,we constructed multiple ceRNA regulatory axes including KCNQ1OT1-hsa-miR-125a-5p-TNFRSF1B.There were 15 samples of ANCA-associated vasculitis,6 samples of IgA nephropathy,and 3 samples of micropathological kidney.Immunohistochemical results of renal biopsy specimens showed that the expression of CSF1R and TNFRSF1B in ANCA-associated vasculitis kidney tissue was higher than that in the control group.Pearson correlation analysis of clinical data of patients in ANCA group showed that the expression of CSF1R was positively correlated with the content of neutrophil count(r=0.587),and the expression of TNFRSF1B was posi-tively correlated with the content of serum C-reactive protein(r=0.646).Conclusion Key genes related to in-flammatory regulation such as CSF1R and TNFRSF1B were investigated by bioinformatics methods,and a rigorous ceRNA regulatory network was constructed.The expression of CSF1R and TNFRSF1B in ANCA vasculitis was high-er than that in the control group through immunohistochemistry.The results provides a scientific theoretical basis for the molecular mechanism of inflammation,and laid a good foundation for new therapeutic targets of ANCA-related vasculitis for inflammation.

Objective To investigate the expression of Nanog and its regulatory relationship with MMP-2/MMP-9 proteins in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC).Methods We detected Nanog and MMP-2/MMP-9 protein expressions in 127 ESCC tissues and 82 adjacent normal tissues using immunohistochemistry and explored their correlations with the clinicopathological parameters and prognosis of the patients.GEO database was utilized to analyze the pathways enriched with the stemness-related molecules including Nanog,and TIMER online tool was used to analyze the correlations among TβR1,MMP-2,and MMP-9 in esophageal cancer.Results Nanog and MMP-2/MMP-9 proteins were significantly upregulated in ESCC tissues and positively intercorrelated.Their expression levels were closely correlated with infiltration depth and lymph node metastasis of ESCC but not with age,gender,or tumor differentiation.The patients with high expressions of Nanog and MMP-2/MMP-9 had significantly shorter survival time.Bioinformatics analysis showed enrichment of stemness-associated molecules in the TGF-β signaling pathway,and the expressions of MMP-2/MMP-9 and TβR1 were positively correlated.In cultured ESCC cells,Nanog knockdown significantly decreased the expression of TβR1,p-Smad2/3,MMP-2,and MMP-9 and strongly inhibited cell migration.Conclusion The high expressions of Nanog,MMP-2,and MMP-9,which are positively correlated,are closely related with invasion depth,lymph node metastasis,and prognosis of ESCC.Nanog regulates the expressions of MMP-2/MMP-9 proteins through the TGF-β signaling pathway,and its high expression promotes migration of ESCC cells.

Objective:To investigate the effect of vascularized lymph node transfer (VLNT) combined with lymphatico-venous anastomosis (LVA) in the treatment of lymphedema after breast cancer surgery.Methods:The data of patients with upper limb lymphedema after breast cancer surgery who were treated in the Department of Reconstructive and Reconstructive Microsurgery, Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from July 2021 to July 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. According to different treatment methods, the patients were divided into LVA group and VLNT combined LVA group. Indocyanine green (ICG) near-infrared lymphography was performed on all affected limbs before surgery. In the LVA group, according to the results of ICG lymphography, 4 to 5 levels of the affected limb were selected, Z shaped incisions were made and dissescted until the subcutaneous fat layer. End-to-end or end-to-side anastomosis was performed between lymphatic vessels and subcutaneous venules under the microscope. In the VLNT combined LVA group, the branches of brachial artery and vein in the axillary region were marked. The inguinal flap with the superficial iliac circumflex vessel pedicle and 4-5 lymph nodes was dissected. End-to-end anastomoses of the superficial iliac circumflex vessel pedicle with the branches of brachial artery and vein were performed in the axillary region of the affected limb. LVA was performed according to ICG lymphography, the same as in the LVA group. The skin and soft tissue condition of the affected limb and the blood supply of the flap in the VLNT combined LVA group were observed after operation. The circumference of the upper arm (from the wrist to 32 cm above the wrist, every 4 cm, a total of 9 levels of circumference) and upper limb volume were measured before and after operation. SPSS 24.0 was used for data processing and analysis. Measurement data were expressed Mean±SD. The data before and after operation in the same group were compared by paired samples t test, and the comparison between the two groups was conducted by independent samples t test. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results:A total of 14 female patients were enrolled, with 7 patients in each group. All cases were unilateral lymphedema. There were no significant differences in age, stage of disease, limb circumference and limb volume between the two groups before operation ( P>0.05). After operation, the skin and soft tissue condition of the affected limbs were good, and no complications such as erysipelas, cellulitis, or lymphangitis occurred. All flaps in the VLNT combined LVA group survived successfully, and the operation wounds healed well. There were no complications such as infection and necrosis of the flaps. One year after operation, the circumference and volume of the affected limb in the two groups were improved to varying degrees, and the circumference of the affected limb (wrist, upper wrist 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 28, 32 cm levels) in the VLNT combined LVA group was significantly smaller than that before operation ( P<0.01). In the LVA group, the circumference of the affected limb (wrist, upper wrist 4, 8, 12, 16, 20 cm levels) after operation was significantly smaller than that before operation ( P<0.05). The limb volumes of both groups were significantly reduced ( P<0.05). The comparison between the two groups showed that the reduction degree of postoperative affected limb cricumference (at the levels of 24, 28 and 32 cm above the wrist) and volume in the VLNT combined LVA group were more significant than those in the LVA group ( P<0.05). Conclusion:Compared with LVA alone, VLNT combined with LVA is more effective in the treatment of patients with upper limb lymphedema after breast cancer surgery.

Objective:To investigate the effect of vascularized lymph node transfer (VLNT) combined with lymphatico-venous anastomosis (LVA) in the treatment of lymphedema after breast cancer surgery.Methods:The data of patients with upper limb lymphedema after breast cancer surgery who were treated in the Department of Reconstructive and Reconstructive Microsurgery, Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from July 2021 to July 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. According to different treatment methods, the patients were divided into LVA group and VLNT combined LVA group. Indocyanine green (ICG) near-infrared lymphography was performed on all affected limbs before surgery. In the LVA group, according to the results of ICG lymphography, 4 to 5 levels of the affected limb were selected, Z shaped incisions were made and dissescted until the subcutaneous fat layer. End-to-end or end-to-side anastomosis was performed between lymphatic vessels and subcutaneous venules under the microscope. In the VLNT combined LVA group, the branches of brachial artery and vein in the axillary region were marked. The inguinal flap with the superficial iliac circumflex vessel pedicle and 4-5 lymph nodes was dissected. End-to-end anastomoses of the superficial iliac circumflex vessel pedicle with the branches of brachial artery and vein were performed in the axillary region of the affected limb. LVA was performed according to ICG lymphography, the same as in the LVA group. The skin and soft tissue condition of the affected limb and the blood supply of the flap in the VLNT combined LVA group were observed after operation. The circumference of the upper arm (from the wrist to 32 cm above the wrist, every 4 cm, a total of 9 levels of circumference) and upper limb volume were measured before and after operation. SPSS 24.0 was used for data processing and analysis. Measurement data were expressed Mean±SD. The data before and after operation in the same group were compared by paired samples t test, and the comparison between the two groups was conducted by independent samples t test. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results:A total of 14 female patients were enrolled, with 7 patients in each group. All cases were unilateral lymphedema. There were no significant differences in age, stage of disease, limb circumference and limb volume between the two groups before operation ( P>0.05). After operation, the skin and soft tissue condition of the affected limbs were good, and no complications such as erysipelas, cellulitis, or lymphangitis occurred. All flaps in the VLNT combined LVA group survived successfully, and the operation wounds healed well. There were no complications such as infection and necrosis of the flaps. One year after operation, the circumference and volume of the affected limb in the two groups were improved to varying degrees, and the circumference of the affected limb (wrist, upper wrist 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 28, 32 cm levels) in the VLNT combined LVA group was significantly smaller than that before operation ( P<0.01). In the LVA group, the circumference of the affected limb (wrist, upper wrist 4, 8, 12, 16, 20 cm levels) after operation was significantly smaller than that before operation ( P<0.05). The limb volumes of both groups were significantly reduced ( P<0.05). The comparison between the two groups showed that the reduction degree of postoperative affected limb cricumference (at the levels of 24, 28 and 32 cm above the wrist) and volume in the VLNT combined LVA group were more significant than those in the LVA group ( P<0.05). Conclusion:Compared with LVA alone, VLNT combined with LVA is more effective in the treatment of patients with upper limb lymphedema after breast cancer surgery.

Objectives:To investigate the clinical and genetic features of young Chinese patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) .Methods:In this cross-sectional study, anonymous questionnaires were distributed to patients with MPN patients nationwide. The respondents were divided into 3 groups based on their age at diagnosis: young (≤40 years) , middle-aged (41-60 years) , and elderly (>60 years) . We compared the clinical and genetic characteristics of three groups of MPN patients.Results:1727 assessable questionnaires were collected. There were 453 (26.2%) young respondents with MPNs, including 274 with essential thrombocythemia (ET) , 80 with polycythemia vera (PV) , and 99 with myelofibrosis. Among the young group, 178 (39.3%) were male, and the median age was 31 (18-40) years. In comparison to middle-aged and elderly respondents, young respondents with MPN were more likely to present with a higher proportion of unmarried status (all P<0.001) , a higher education level (all P<0.001) , less comorbidity (ies) , fewer medications (all P<0.001) , and low-risk stratification (all P<0.001) . Younger respondents experienced headache (ET, P<0.001; PV, P=0.007; MF, P=0.001) at diagnosis, had splenomegaly at diagnosis (PV, P<0.001) , and survey (ET, P=0.052; PV, P=0.063) . Younger respondents had fewer thrombotic events at diagnosis (ET, P<0.001; PV, P=0.011) and during the survey (ET, P<0.001; PV, P=0.003) . JAK2 mutations were found in fewer young people (ET, P<0.001; PV, P<0.001; MF, P=0.013) ; however, CALR mutations were found in more young people (ET, P<0.001; MF, P=0.015) . Furthermore, mutations in non-driver genes (ET, P=0.042; PV, P=0.043; MF, P=0.004) and high-molecular risk mutations (ET, P=0.024; PV, P=0.023; MF, P=0.001) were found in fewer young respondents. Conclusion:Compared with middle-aged and elderly patients, young patients with MPN had unique clinical and genetic characteristics.