OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the clinical efficacy of hospital-prepared Chinese medicine Feigan granules for influenza patients. This study has been registered at the International Traditional Medicine Clinical Trial Registry platform (ITMCTR2025000162). METHODS: A prospective observational study was conducted on influenza patients who visited the Fever Clinic of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine between February and March 2024. Patients were divided into the observation group (Feigan granules combined with conventional Western medicine) and the control group (conventional Western medicine). Main symptoms (including fever, cough and sore throat) and secondary symptoms (including chest tightness, poor appetite, muscle soreness and dry mouth) were evaluated with traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) symptom scale on the first day of the patient's visit and the third day after treatment. The degrees of improvement in the TCM symptom scores before and after treatment were compared using paired rank-sum test, and the differences in the overall symptom efficacy index between two groups were compared using the Wilcoxon test. RESULTS: A total of 217 influenza patients were included. After treatment, the TCM symptom scores of both groups were significantly improved compared with those before treatment (all P<0.01). The median differences in the main symptom score before and after treatment in the observation and the control groups were 7 points (95%CI: 6.0-8.0) and 6 points (95%CI: 6.0-8.0), respectively. The median difference in the secondary symptom score was 3 points (95%CI: 2.0-4.0) in both groups. The median differences in the total score were 9 points (95%CI: 8.0-10.5) and 8 points (95%CI: 7.0-10.0) in the observation and control groups, respectively. In the subgroup with an initial cough score >2, the improvement rates of total score (97.06% vs. 92.59%) and secondary symptoms (92.31% vs. 85.11%) in observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05); while there was no significant difference in the improvement rate of the main symptoms (95.59% vs. 90.74%, P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS Feigan granules can improve the TCM syndromes of influenza patients, especially for patients with more severe cough.
Humans ; Prospective Studies ; Influenza, Human/drug therapy* ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional/methods* ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/therapeutic use* ; Female ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Adult ; Aged ; Adolescent ; Young Adult ; Treatment Outcome

The eIF3i gene was amplified from lamb testicular(LT)cells by PCR and cloned into pCold vector to construct the pCold-eIF3i plasmid.Plasmid PCR,double enzyme digestion and se-quencing were used to verify the results.The recombinant eIF3i protein was induced under the op-timized expression conditions.The expression and reactogenicity of the target protein were detected by SDS-PAGE and Western blot.New Zealand white rabbits were immunized with purified recom-binant eIF3i protein combined with Freund's complete and incomplete adjuvants for three times.Se-rum samples were collected after immunization.Indirect ELISA was used to detect antiserum titer,and Western blot was used to analyze antibody specificity.Indirect immunofluorescence assay(IFA)was used to detect the application effect of antibodies.The results showed that the size of LT eIF3i gene was 978 bp.The optimal expression conditions for the eIF3i recombinant protein were as follows:IPTG concentration of 0.2 mmol/L,temperature of 37 ℃,and induction time of 8 h.The recombinant eIF3i protein was expressed as an inclusion body with a size of about 36 kDa.The titer of polyclonal antibody against eIF3i protein was 1∶51 200.Western blot and IFA showed that the prepared polyclonal antibody against eIF3i protein had good reactivity and specificity.In conclusion,we successfully prepared rabbit anti-eif3i polyclonal antibody and confirmed that it could specifically recognize endogenous eIF3i protein,which laid a foundation for further study on the biological function of eIF3i protein.

This study aims to establish a convenient,new and visual detection method for the field diagnosis of Pasteurella multocida(Pm).With reference to the Pm kmt1 gene conserved sequence published in GenBank,PCR amplification primers were designed,the amplified kmt1 gene was cloned into pMD19-T vector,and the recombinant plasmid standard pMD19-T-kmt 1 was estab-lished and identified by PCR and sequencing.Using pMD1 9-T-kmt 1 plasmid as template and kmt1 gene as target gene,basic primers were designed and synthesized.According to the requirements of LFD,a probe(Pm-P)was designed,and the RPA-LFD method for Pm detection was established by optimizing the reaction conditions.Specificity and sensitivity tests were carried out,and 64 clini-cal samples were tested by the method.The results showed that the established Pm RPA-LFD method could be amplified at 37 ℃ for 15 min.Escherichia coli(E.coli),Salmonella enteriditis(SE),Riemerella anatipestifer(RA),Staphylococcus,goose parvovirus(GPV),duck plague virus(DPV),Muscovy duck parvovirus(MDPV)DNA was extracted as the template,and plasmid standard pMD19-T-kmt 1 was used as the positive control.All the positive controls were negative,indicating that the method had good specificity.The plasmid standard pMD1 9-T-kmt 1 was diluted with a 10-fold ratio,and the plasmid standard with a concentration of 107-100 copies/μL was used as the template.The sensitivity was 1.50×101 copies/μ,,which was 100 times higher than that of PCR.A total of 64 clinical samples with suspected RA were subjected to testing using PCR,RPA and LAMP-LFD,with a 100％compliance rate for all three detection tests.The results show that the established RPA-LFD method has the characteristics of strong specificity,high sensitivity,fast speed and visualization,and can be applied to the field detection of Pm.

The eIF3i gene was amplified from lamb testicular(LT)cells by PCR and cloned into pCold vector to construct the pCold-eIF3i plasmid.Plasmid PCR,double enzyme digestion and se-quencing were used to verify the results.The recombinant eIF3i protein was induced under the op-timized expression conditions.The expression and reactogenicity of the target protein were detected by SDS-PAGE and Western blot.New Zealand white rabbits were immunized with purified recom-binant eIF3i protein combined with Freund's complete and incomplete adjuvants for three times.Se-rum samples were collected after immunization.Indirect ELISA was used to detect antiserum titer,and Western blot was used to analyze antibody specificity.Indirect immunofluorescence assay(IFA)was used to detect the application effect of antibodies.The results showed that the size of LT eIF3i gene was 978 bp.The optimal expression conditions for the eIF3i recombinant protein were as follows:IPTG concentration of 0.2 mmol/L,temperature of 37 ℃,and induction time of 8 h.The recombinant eIF3i protein was expressed as an inclusion body with a size of about 36 kDa.The titer of polyclonal antibody against eIF3i protein was 1∶51 200.Western blot and IFA showed that the prepared polyclonal antibody against eIF3i protein had good reactivity and specificity.In conclusion,we successfully prepared rabbit anti-eif3i polyclonal antibody and confirmed that it could specifically recognize endogenous eIF3i protein,which laid a foundation for further study on the biological function of eIF3i protein.

This study aims to establish a convenient,new and visual detection method for the field diagnosis of Pasteurella multocida(Pm).With reference to the Pm kmt1 gene conserved sequence published in GenBank,PCR amplification primers were designed,the amplified kmt1 gene was cloned into pMD19-T vector,and the recombinant plasmid standard pMD19-T-kmt 1 was estab-lished and identified by PCR and sequencing.Using pMD1 9-T-kmt 1 plasmid as template and kmt1 gene as target gene,basic primers were designed and synthesized.According to the requirements of LFD,a probe(Pm-P)was designed,and the RPA-LFD method for Pm detection was established by optimizing the reaction conditions.Specificity and sensitivity tests were carried out,and 64 clini-cal samples were tested by the method.The results showed that the established Pm RPA-LFD method could be amplified at 37 ℃ for 15 min.Escherichia coli(E.coli),Salmonella enteriditis(SE),Riemerella anatipestifer(RA),Staphylococcus,goose parvovirus(GPV),duck plague virus(DPV),Muscovy duck parvovirus(MDPV)DNA was extracted as the template,and plasmid standard pMD19-T-kmt 1 was used as the positive control.All the positive controls were negative,indicating that the method had good specificity.The plasmid standard pMD1 9-T-kmt 1 was diluted with a 10-fold ratio,and the plasmid standard with a concentration of 107-100 copies/μL was used as the template.The sensitivity was 1.50×101 copies/μ,,which was 100 times higher than that of PCR.A total of 64 clinical samples with suspected RA were subjected to testing using PCR,RPA and LAMP-LFD,with a 100％compliance rate for all three detection tests.The results show that the established RPA-LFD method has the characteristics of strong specificity,high sensitivity,fast speed and visualization,and can be applied to the field detection of Pm.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the changes in high performance liquid chromatography （HPLC） fingerprint spectra and nucleoside components between Pinelliae Rhizoma Praeparatum cum Zingibere et Alumine and its processed product Succus bambusae pinella preparata， providing a reference for the quality evaluation of the latter. METHODS HPLC fingerprint was established for 10 batches of Pinelliae Rhizoma Praeparatum cum Zingibere et Alumine and its processed product Succus bambusae pinella preparata following the Similarity Evaluation System of TCM Chromatographic Fingerprints （2012 Edition）. Hierarchical cluster analysis （HCA）， principal component analysis （PCA）， and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis （OPLS- DA） were conducted on their common peaks. The contents of four nucleoside components， hypoxanthine， uridine， adenine， and guanosine， in both Pinelliae Rhizoma Praeparatum cum Zingibere et Alumine and Succus bambusae pinella preparata were determined. RESULTS The similarity between the fingerprints of the 10 batches of Pinelliae Rhizoma Praeparatum cum Zingibere et Alumine， Succus bambusae pinella preparata， and their corresponding reference fingerprints ranged from 0.851 to 0.990. A total of 10 common peaks were obtained for both samples， and 4 components were identified as hypoxanthine， uridine， adenine， and guanosine. The results of HCA， PCA and OPLS-DA showed that the samples of Pinelliae Rhizoma Praeparatum cum Zingibere et Alumine and Succus bambusae pinella preparata were clustered into separate categories， with OPLS-DA selecting 4 differential components between them， ranked by variable importance projection values as peak 8， peak 1， peak 6 （adenine） and peak 10. The content determination results showed that the average contents of hypoxanthine， uridine， adenine and guanosine in Succus bambusae pinella preparata declined by 15.90%， 12.00%， 26.04% and 22.18% compared to Pinelliae Rhizoma Praeparatum cum Zingibere et Alumine， respectively， with statistically significant differences in the contents of hypoxanthine， adenine and guanosine （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. CONCLUSIONS The established fingerprint and content determination methods are simple to operate and have good repeatability， which are suitable for qualitative and quantitative analysis of Pinelliae Rhizoma Praeparatum cum Zingibere et Alumine and Succus bambusae pinella preparata. The average contents of the four nucleoside components decreased after the processing of Succus bambusae pinella preparata.

Thalamocortical circuitry has a substantial impact on emotion and cognition.Previous studies have demonstrated alterations in thalamocortical functional connectivity(FC),characterized by region-dependent hypo-or hyper-connectivity,among individuals with major depressive disorder(MDD).However,the dynamical reconfiguration of the thalamocortical system over time and potential abnormalities in dynamic thalamocortical connectivity associated with MDD remain unclear.Hence,we analyzed dynamic FC(dFC)between ten thalamic subregions and seven cortical subnetworks from resting-state functional magnetic resonance images of 48 patients with MDD and 57 healthy controls(HCs)to investigate time-varying changes in thalamocortical FC in patients with MDD.Moreover,dynamic laterality analysis was conducted to examine the changes in functional lateralization of the thalamocortical system over time.Correlations between the dynamic measures of thalamocortical FC and clinical assessment were also calculated.We identified four dynamic states of thalamocortical circuitry wherein patients with MDD exhibited decreased fractional time and reduced transitions within a negative connectivity state that showed strong correlations with primary cortical networks,compared with the HCs.In addition,MDD patients also exhibited increased fluctuations in functional laterality in the thalamocortical system across the scan duration.The thalamo-subnetwork analysis unveiled abnormal dFC variability involving higher-order cortical networks in the MDD cohort.Significant correlations were found between increased dFC variability with dorsal attention and default mode networks and the severity of symptoms.Our study comprehensively investigated the pattern of alteration of the thalamocortical dFC in MDD patients.The heterogeneous alterations of dFC between the thalamus and both primary and higher-order cortical networks may help characterize the deficits of sensory and cognitive processing in MDD.

Objective:To observe the application effect of mind mapping combined with interactive communication mode in clinical teaching of neurosurgery.Methods:A total of 40 students who practiced in the Department of Neurosurgery in the Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University from September 2019 to September 2020 were included in the control group, and traditional teaching was adopted; another 40 students who practiced from October 2020 to October 2021 were included in the observation group, and mind mapping combined with interactive communication mode was adopted for teaching. The two groups of students were taught for 2 weeks, and after the teaching, the teaching effect was compared between the two groups. SPSS 25.0 software was used to conduct t-test and Chi-square test. Results:After 2 weeks of teaching, the scores of theoretical knowledge (90.38±4.03) and practical operation skills (93.37±3.48) in the two groups were higher than those before teaching [(85.52±5.26) and (87.25±4.48)], with statistically significant differences ( t=4.63, 6.83, P<0.001). The case analysis score of the two groups was higher than that before teaching, and that of the observation group (86.03±6.07) was higher than that of the control group (79.13±5.57), with statistically significant differences ( t=5.30, P<0.001). The scores of interpersonal communication ability and cooperation ability of the two groups were higher than those before teaching. The scores of interpersonal communication ability (82.53±4.74), cooperation ability (169.73±7.55) of the observation group were higher than those of the control group [(77.93±4.45) and (158.42±8.01)], with statistically significant differences ( t=4.48, 6.49, P<0.001). Conclusion:Mind mapping combined with interactive communication mode can effectively improve the clinical basic knowledge and clinical practice ability of interns in the Department of Neurosurgery, and improve their communication and cooperation ability.

Objective: To investigate the association between body mass index ( BMI ) and mortality risk among older Chinese based on the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study ( CHARLS ). Methods: The demographic features, BMI, prevalence of chronic diseases and mortality among the elderly at ages of 60 years and greater were captured from the CHARLS database from 2011 to 2018. A multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to examine the association between BMI and the risk of death. Results: Totally 6 023 subjects were enrolled, including 3 006 men ( 50.09% ) and 3 017 women ( 49.91% ), and 68.69% of the participants ( 4 137 subjects ) were at ages of 60 to 69 years. There were 637 subjects ( 10.58% ) with underweight, 1 544 ( 25.63% ) with overweight, and 557 ( 9.25% ) with obesity. During the follow-up period ( 35 091 person-years ), 1 035 subjects died. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression analysis revealed an increased risk of mortality among the underweight elderly ( HR=1.496, 95%CI: 1.261-1.775 ) and a reduced risk of mortality among the obese elderly ( HR=0.671, 95%CI: 0.511-0.881 ) relative to the elderly with normal weight, after adjustment for age, gender, smoking, household registration, administration of anti-diabetic drugs, administration of anti-dyslipidemia drugs, and administration of anti-hypertensive drugs. Conclusion It is found that the risk of mortality among the Chinese elderly correlatives with BMI through the analysis of CHARLS data.

Objective:To analyze the differences and similarities of pre-treatment and post-treatment lung microbiome of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and find out the change rules of the lung microbiome in the progression of ARDS according to different prognosis.Methods:A retrospective study was conducted. Patients with ARDS caused by severe pneumonia admitted to intensive care unit (ICU) of Jiangmen Central Hospital from February 2019 to January 2020 were enrolled as the study subjects. The patients were divided into pre-treatment (ARDS-preT) group (24 cases), post-treatment survival (ARDS-poT-Survival) group (17 cases), and post-treatment death (ARDS-poT-Dead) group (7 cases). ICU patients with mild pulmonary infection and non-ARDS admitted to ICU during the same period were enrolled as control group (25 cases). The similarities and differences of lung microbiome in four groups were analyzed and compared, and the possible pathogenic bacteria (potential risk factors for death) and probiotics (potential survival and protective factors) related to death caused by ARDS were screened.Results:In terms of pathogenic microorganisms, the positive rates of Escherichia coli and Candida albicans in the ARDS-poT-Dead group were significantly higher than those in the ARDS-poT-Survival group [57.1% (4/7) vs. 5.9% (1/17) and 57.1% (4/7) vs. 0% (0/7), both P < 0.05]. In the screening of background bacteria, the decrease of bacteria in the ARDS-preT group compared with the ARDS-poT-Survival group, the ARDS-poT-Dead group compared with the ARDS-poT-Survival group, the ARDS-poT-Dead group compared with the control group, the reduced bacteria might be pulmonary probiotics (potential protective factor for ARDS). The screening result was Hydrobacter [ARDS-preT group vs. ARDS-poT-Survival group: 62.5% (15/24) vs. 94.1% (16/17); ARDS-poT-Dead group vs. ARDS-poT-Survival group: 14.3% (1/7) vs. 94.1% (16/17); ARDS-poT-Dead vs. control: 14.3% (1/7) vs. 96.0% (24/25), all P < 0.05]. In the screening of background bacteria, the increase of bacteria in the ARDS-poT-Dead group compared with the ARDS-preT group, the ARDS-poT-Dead group compared with the ARDS-poT-Survival group, the ARDS-poT-Dead group compared with the control group, and the increased bacteria might be potential pulmonary pathogen (potential risk factor for death of ARDS), which belonged to Enterobacteria: Edwardsiella, Enterobacteriaceae, Escherichia, Klebsiella, Kluyvera, Lelliottia, Pantoea, Raoultella. Conclusions:The results revealed the increase of Escherichia coli or Candida albicans in pulmonary pathogenic microorganisms, or the increase of Enterobacteria in background bacteria may be the risk factors for the death of ARDS. Additionally, background bacteria Hydrobacter probably is a protective factor for the survival of ARDS. Whether it can be used as a novel treatment for ARDS is worth further investigation.