Amoenucles A-F (1-6), six previously undescribed nucleoside derivatives, and two known analogs (7 and 8) were isolated from the culture of Aspergillus amoenus TJ507. Their structures were elucidated through spectroscopic analysis, single-crystal X-ray crystallography, and chemical reactions. Notably, 3 and 4 represent the first reported instances of nucleosides with an attached pyrrole moiety. Of particular significance, the absolute configuration of the sugar moiety of 1-4 was determined using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), electric circular dichroism (ECD) calculations, and a hydrolysis reaction, presenting a potentially valuable method for confirming nucleoside structures. Furthermore, 1, 2, and 5-8 exhibited potential tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) inhibitory activities, which may provide a novel chemical template for the development of agents targeting autoimmune and inflammatory diseases.
Aspergillus/chemistry* ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/antagonists & inhibitors* ; Molecular Structure ; Nucleosides/isolation & purification* ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; Animals ; Humans ; Mice ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

Objective:To explore the diagnostic value of serum C-C chemokine ligand 5 (CCL5) in assessing the degree of liver fibrosis in patients with metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD).Methods:71 MAFLD patients who visited the Department of Integrated Traditional and Western Medical Hepatology, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, and underwent liver biopsy histopathology examinations between October 2021 and June 2023 were selected for diagnostic testing. Simultaneously, 71 healthy subjects who underwent physical examinations at the physical examination center of the hospital were selected as the control group. Serum CCL5 levels were detected using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Routine blood tests, liver and kidney function tests, and other tests were conducted to analyze the expression level of CCL5 and its correlation with the above indicators. The aspartate aminotransferase/platelet ratio index (APRI) and fibrosis 4 index (FIB-4) were calculated. SPSS 26.0 software was used for statistical analysis. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was used to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of CCL5 for the degree of liver fibrosis in MAFLD. The combined diagnostic efficacy of APRI and FIB-4 was further analyzed for the degree of liver fibrosis in MAFLD.Results:The expression level of serum CCL5 gradually increased with the increase in liver fibrosis stage in patients with MAFLD, and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05). The AUC value of serum CCL5 for diagnosing significant liver fibrosis in MAFLD patients was 0.775, with a sensitivity of 65.7%, a specificity of 80.6%, and an optimal cutoff value of 49.845 ng/ml. The CCL5 and FIB-4 combination had the highest diagnostic value for significant liver fibrosis in patients with MAFLD, with an AUC of 0.802, a sensitivity of 91.4%, and a specificity of 61.1%. Conclusion:CCL5 has a high diagnostic value for significant liver fibrosis in MAFLD patients. Therefore, it is expected to become a non-invasive diagnostic marker for assessing the degree of liver fibrosis in MAFLD patients.

Objective To explore the diffusion-weighted imaging(DWI) values in diagnosis and differential diagnosis in multiple system atrophy (MSA),progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) and Parkinson's disease (PD).Methods Conventional MRI and DWI were performed in 24 clinically proved MSA patients,35 PD patients,12 PSP patients,and 32 age-matched normal controls (the control group).DWI was performed using a single shot-spin echo-echo planar imaging sequence,and ADC values were measured in the ROIs of different brain regions(including basal ganglia,thalamus,middle cerebellar peduncles and superior cerebellar peduncles).Then one way ANOVA test was used for statistical analysis.Results PSP group had the largest ADC values in putamen,globus pallidus,caudate,andsuperiorcerebellar peduncles[(0.75±0.43) ×10-3 mm2/s,(0.77±0.06)×10 3 mm2/s,(0.77±0.44)×10-3 mm2/s and (1.11±0.22)× 10-3 mm2/s].The ADC values of globus pallidus and caudate had statistically difference comparing with MSA [(0.73±0.04) × 10-3 mm2/s and (0.73±0.40) × 10-3 mm2/s],PD[(0.67±0.11) × 10-3 mm2/s and (0.73±0.04) × 10-3 mm2/s],and control group[(0.71±0.05) × 10-3 mm2/s and (0.72±0.04) × 10-3 mm2/s].MSA group had the largest ADC values in middle cerebellar peduncles[(0.95±0.16) × 10-3 mm2/s],and there was statistically significant difference,comparing with PSP,PD and control group[(0.74±0.49) × 10-3 mm2/s,(0.69±0.50) × 10-3 mm2/s and (0.68±0.31) × 10-3 mm2/s].The ADC values of PD group and control group had no statistically significant difference in putamen,globus pallidus,caudate,thalamus,middle cerebellar peduncles and superior cerebellar peduncles(P＞0.05).Conclusion ADC values in the basal ganglia,the middle cerebellar peduncles and superior cerebellar peduncles have very important significance in differential diagnosis in MSA,PSP and PD.

Objective To investigate the risk factors for intracranial infection after external ventricular drainage and provide basis for preventing and controlling the drainage-associated intracranial infection. Metheds the clinical data from three hundred sixty-seven cases of ventricular hemorrhage patients were retrospectively analyzed, using Logis?tic regression to screen risk factors of intracranial infection after external ventricular drainage. Results There were 29 cases with intracranial infection and infection rate was 8.19%, 8.04% and 7.32% at ventricle drainage tube indwelling 1-week group, 2-week group and 3 week-group, respectively. Glasgow coma score (GCS) [OR= 2. 569 CI (1.792 3.378) %, P< 0.05), urokinase perfusion (OR= 2.897, 95%CI (1.297 5.061), P< 0.05), cerebrospinal fluid sampling (OR= 3.399, 95%CI (2.705 4.175), P< 0.01] and comorbidities [OR= 3.751, 95%CI (2.032 5.371), P< 0.01] were risk factors for ventricle drainage operation. Conclusion Ventricle drainage tube indwelling 3 weeks is safe. Less use of urokinase perfusion and cerebrospinal fluid sampling and active treatment of comorbidities diseases can reduce the intra?cranial infection incidence of external ventricular drainage after Intraventricular hemorrhage .

Objective To investigate the difficulty, safety and clinical efficacy of the pterional approach from the side of open A2 plane vs the approach from the side of closed A2 plane for anterosuperior-pointing anterior communicat?ing artery aneurysms (ACoAA). Methods Forty-two patients with anterosuperior-pointing ACoAA treated by microsurgi?cal clipping were divided into two groups of the approach from the side of open A2 plane (n=22) and the approach from the side of closed A2 plane (n=20). Primary objective endpoints were rates of gyrus rectus aspiration, displacement of the ipsilateral A2 and surgical-related complications, clipping results, incidence of cognitive function impairment and Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) at 6 months after treatment. Results The incidence of gyrus rectus aspiration and dis?placement of the ipsilateral A2, cognitive impairment at 6 months after treatment and the surgical-related complications was also significant lower in the approach from the side of open A2 plane than in the approach from the side of closed A2 plane [4(18.2%) cases vs. 11(55.0%) cases, χ2=6.185, P<0.05;4(18.2%) cases vs. 10(50.0%) cases, χ2=4.773, P<0.05;1 (4.5%) case vs. 7(35.0%) cases, χ2=4.481 P<0.05]. There were no significant differences in postoperative clipping results and GOS at 6 months after treatment between two approaches (P>0.05). Conclusions The pterional approach from the side of open A2 plane in patients with anterosuperior-pointing ACoAA allows the aneurysmal necks to be secured safely, decreases operation difficulty and prevents surgical-related complications.

Objective To explore the diagnosis and treatment strategy of multiple intracranial aneurysms (MIA). Methods We retrospectively analyzed 96 patients with MIA (234 aneurysms). The rupture site was determined on the basis of computed tomographic and angiographic findings, and the supposed ruptured aneurysm was treated with coiling OR clipping. All the patients' records were reviewed including all computed tomographic scans and angiograms. Results Twelve patients received conservative treatment, 56 patients were treated by endovascular embolization, and 28 patients received clipping;44 patients received one-stage treatment, and 4 patients needed a second therapy. In 36 patients, only the ruptured aneurysm was eliminated. The clinical outcomes of these 84 patients evaluated by Glasgow Outcome Scale grades were:absence of deficits in 62 patients, minor deficits in 12 patients, major deficit in 8 patients;death occurred in 2 cases. Thirty patients were available for a 6-month follow-up with DSA, which revealed stable occlusion of the aneurysms in 29 patients and the need of a retreatment due to recanalization in only one patient. Conclusion Correct localization of the rupture aneurysm based on a comprehensive diagnosis is key to MIA treatment. All the aneurysms should be treated in one session whenever possible to protect the patient from rebleeding.

Objective To explore the diagnosis and treatment strategy of multiple intracranial aneurysms (MIA). Methods We retrospectively analyzed 96 patients with MIA (234 aneurysms). The rupture site was determined on the basis of computed tomographic and angiographic findings, and the supposed ruptured aneurysm was treated with coiling OR clipping. All the patients' records were reviewed including all computed tomographic scans and angiograms. Results Twelve patients received conservative treatment, 56 patients were treated by endovascular embolization, and 28 patients received clipping;44 patients received one-stage treatment, and 4 patients needed a second therapy. In 36 patients, only the ruptured aneurysm was eliminated. The clinical outcomes of these 84 patients evaluated by Glasgow Outcome Scale grades were:absence of deficits in 62 patients, minor deficits in 12 patients, major deficit in 8 patients;death occurred in 2 cases. Thirty patients were available for a 6-month follow-up with DSA, which revealed stable occlusion of the aneurysms in 29 patients and the need of a retreatment due to recanalization in only one patient. Conclusion Correct localization of the rupture aneurysm based on a comprehensive diagnosis is key to MIA treatment. All the aneurysms should be treated in one session whenever possible to protect the patient from rebleeding.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in the arachnoid membrane around posterior communicating artery aneurysms.

METHODSTwelve patients with posterior communicating artery aneurysms undergoing surgical intervention in our hospital between November, 2010 and November, 2011 were enrolled as the case group along with 6 concurrent patients with severely head trauma or epilepsy as controls. The expression of MMP-9 in the aneurysmal walls and the arachnoid membrane was examined in immunohistochemistry, and HE staining and Sirus red staining were performed to examine the pathological changes.

RESULTSThe perianeurysmal arachnoid membrane showed tissue destruction and disruption of the connections between the membrane and the artery wall with local detachment. Compared with that in the control group, the level of MMP-9 in the arachnoid membrane was significantly higher in the case group (P<0.05), but significantly lower than that in the aneurysm wall within the same sample (P<0.05). No differences were found in the levels of MMP-9 in the aneurysm patients with different ages or Hunt-Hess scale scores.

CONCLUSIONMMP-9 is closely related with the formation of posterior communicating artery aneurysms by causing degradation of extracellular matrix of the vascular wall and the arachnoid membrane.

Adult ; Arachnoid ; metabolism ; pathology ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Intracranial Aneurysm ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 ; metabolism ; Middle Aged

OBJECTIVETo explore the imaging features, diagnosis and treatment strategies of intracranial lageniform aneurysms.

METHODSThe clinical characteristics and therapeutic outcomes of 6 patients with intracranial lageniform aneurysms were retrospectively analyzed.

RESULTSAll the 6 aneurysms, including 5 anterior communicating artery aneurysms and 1 middle cerebral artery (MCA) aneurysm, were diagnosed by CT, DSA and (or) MRA. Pretreatment CT revealed subarachnoid hemorrhage and intracranial hematoma surrounding the ruptured aneurysm. Three dimensional DSA showed that all the lageniform aneurysms contained two parts, the larger false aneurysm and the smaller true aneurysms. All the 5 Acom aneurysms were coiled and the MCA aneurysm was clipped. Two patients with coiling developed serious brain edema, and acute decompressive craniectomy was performed to 1 of them. Pathological examination of the surgical specimens confirmed that pseudoaneurysm formed the larger part of the lageniform aneurysm. One patient died of brain hernia, and the other 5 patients were discharged with good GOS. All the patients showed stable neurological status during the 3-month follow-up.

CONCLUSIONLageniform aneurysm is a complex aneurysm consisting in larger part of false aneurysm and in smaller part of true aneurysm, and early intervention with individualized surgeries is recommended.

Adult ; Aneurysm, False ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Intracranial Aneurysm ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Radiography ; Retrospective Studies

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the feasibility, efficacy and safety of a new method for distant injection of Onyx for treatment of intracranial arteriovenous malformations (AVMs).

METHODSThe clinical data of 26 patients with AVMs receiving distant injection of Onyx using the new method were retrospectively analyzed. Onyx was injected by the surgeon in the control room through a pressure transmission system.

RESULTSThe 26 patients received a total of 31 embolization procedures, with an average estimated size reduction of AVMs of (61.48 ± 26.85)%. Total obliteration was achieved in 3 AVMs. In one case, Onyx leakage occurred during the operation resulting from a broken microcatheter, and the patient developed hemiparesis after the operation.

CONCLUSIONEndovascular treatment of intracranial AVMs with Onyx embolization using this new distant injection method is feasible, safe and effective. This method minimizes potential radiation exposure of the surgeons without increasing the risks of related complications.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Child ; Dimethyl Sulfoxide ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Embolization, Therapeutic ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations ; therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Polyvinyls ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult