[Purpose]To analyze the trends of incidence and age at onset of leukemia in Jiangsu cancer registration areas from 2009 to 2019.[Methods]The continuous monitoring data of leukemia from 2009 to 2019 were collected from 16 cancer registries in Jiangsu Province.All datasets were checked and evaluated based on data quality control criteria and were included in the analysis.Crude incidence rate(CIR),age-standardized incidence rate by Chinese standard population(ASIRC),the average annual percentage change(AAPC),the standardized average age at onset,the changes in the age structure of incidence and the changes in the birth cohort by year were calculated.[Results]The incidence rate of leukemia significantly increased from 5.22/105 in 2009 to 7.88/105 in 2019,with a significant upward trend(for CIR,AAPC=4.95％,95％CI:3.82％～6.09％;for ASIRC,AAPC=2.97％,95％CI:1.52％～4.43％).The incidence rates were in-creased in all age groups and increased with the birth cohort by years.There was a tendency of backward shift for the age composition of the population,with the increasing of composition for those over 60 years old.The mean age at onset increased from 48.62 years old in 2009 to 57.96 years old in 2019,with a backward shift in the mean age(β=0.773,P＜0.001),and the mean age at onset increased with the year only in rural areas after standardization(β=0.428,P=0.017).[Conclusion]Leukemia incidence rate in Jiangsu Province increased from 2009 to 2019,and the age at onset has shifted backwards.It's important to strengthen the early prevention and control of leukemia.

[Purpose]To analyze the trends of incidence and age at onset of leukemia in Jiangsu cancer registration areas from 2009 to 2019.[Methods]The continuous monitoring data of leukemia from 2009 to 2019 were collected from 16 cancer registries in Jiangsu Province.All datasets were checked and evaluated based on data quality control criteria and were included in the analysis.Crude incidence rate(CIR),age-standardized incidence rate by Chinese standard population(ASIRC),the average annual percentage change(AAPC),the standardized average age at onset,the changes in the age structure of incidence and the changes in the birth cohort by year were calculated.[Results]The incidence rate of leukemia significantly increased from 5.22/105 in 2009 to 7.88/105 in 2019,with a significant upward trend(for CIR,AAPC=4.95％,95％CI:3.82％～6.09％;for ASIRC,AAPC=2.97％,95％CI:1.52％～4.43％).The incidence rates were in-creased in all age groups and increased with the birth cohort by years.There was a tendency of backward shift for the age composition of the population,with the increasing of composition for those over 60 years old.The mean age at onset increased from 48.62 years old in 2009 to 57.96 years old in 2019,with a backward shift in the mean age(β=0.773,P＜0.001),and the mean age at onset increased with the year only in rural areas after standardization(β=0.428,P=0.017).[Conclusion]Leukemia incidence rate in Jiangsu Province increased from 2009 to 2019,and the age at onset has shifted backwards.It's important to strengthen the early prevention and control of leukemia.

Objective To explore the prognostic impact of Qili Qiangxin capsules(QLQX)in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction(STEMI).Methods Retrospective collecting the clinical data of STEMI patients treated at PingAn Hospital affiliated to Hebei Medical University from January 2020 to January 2022,divided into QLQX group and non-QLQX group according to treatment plan.Follow-up patients for 1 year,with the main endpoint being major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events(MACCEs)at 30 d and 1 year;The secondary endpoints were cardiogenic death,myocardial reinfarction,emergency coronary revascularization,stroke,and major bleeding at 30 d and 1 year,as well as severe STEMI complications(30 d),re-admission due to heart failure(1 year),and all-cause mortality(1 year).Results A total of 210 STEMI patients were included(125 in the QLQX group and 85 in the non QLQX group).Univariate or Kaplan Meier analysis showed that the MACCE,cardiogenic death,malignant arrhythmia at 30 d,myocardial reinfarction,re-admission due to heart failure,and all-cause mortality rates in the QLQX group were significantly lower than those in the non QLQX group at 30 d and 1 year(P＜0.05),while there were no significant differences in the incidence of other observed endpoint events between the two groups(P＞0.05).In addition,QLQX may be a protective factor for MACCEs in STEMI patients(30 d:HR=0.157,95％CI 0.032 to 0.756,P=0.021;1 year:HR=0.208,95％CI 0.087 to 0.497,P=0.014).Conclusion QLQX adjuvant therapy may improve MACCEs in STEMI patients.

Objective:To investigate the characteristics of gut microbiota in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) complicated by nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).Methods:A total of 74 patients first diagnosed with T2DM at the Endocrinology Department of Peking Union Medical College Hospital from April 2021 to October 2023 were included. Among them, 28 patients had concurrent NAFLD while 46 patients did not. Additionally, 51 healthy controls were matched (HC group). Clinical laboratory parameters were collected, and 16S rRNA sequencing with fecal samples was conducted to compare the differences in gut microbiota across the groups.Results:Compared to the group with T2DM, patients with concurrent T2DM and NAFLD were younger, had higher level of insulin resistance as assessed by the homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance, higher body mass index (BMI), and higher triglyceride levels. There was no difference in α-diversity across the three groups ( P>0.05), while there was a significant difference in β-diversity ( P=0.03). The Eubacterium coprostanoligenes, Fusicatenibacter, Parasutterella and Tyzzerella 3 were enriched in the group with concurrent T2DM and NAFLD as shown by the relative abundance, while the relative abundance of Flavonifractor was decreased in this group. Tyzzerella 3 abundance was positively correlated with triglyceride and albumin levels and negatively correlated with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels. Conclusion:Patients with T2DM complicated by NAFLD exhibit dysbiosis in gut microbiota composition and specific genera abundance, with Flavonifractor identified as a potential protective factor for T2DM complicated by NAFLD.

With the widespread application of diving technology, the safety of long-term diving has become a research focus. Research on the chronic health effects of long-term diving on divers mainly focuses on the respiratory system, circulatory system, nervous system, skeletal system, urinary system, as well as psychological health and sleep. Long-term diving can lead to increased lung capacity, thickening of nasal mucosa, myocardial hypertrophy, changes in heart rhythm, and hearing loss in divers. The impact of long-term diving on health is influenced by diving exposure index such as diving mode, maximum diving depth, underwater stay time, diving frequency, and number of dives, as well as individual factors such as years of diving experience, age, and medical history of divers. However, research on the effects of diving on health are inconsistent, and the potential mechanisms of health damage are unclear. Future large-scale research should be conducted under strict experimental conditions and with standardized inclusion criteria for subjects. Establishing a scientific and systematic assessment method for decompression is crucial for studying the chronic health effects of divers and enhancing understanding of relevant mechanisms to promote the development of diving industry and sport.

Hydration status refers to the balance between the intake and discharge of water in the body. When the ingested and discharged water are roughly equal and the body is in water balance, it is the normal hydration status, and when the water intake is too little or too much, it is the "dehydration" or "overhydration status". The hydration status of the body not only affects metabolism, but also affects the functions of the urinary system, cardiovascular system, nervous system, etc. In order to further clarify the relationship between body hydration status and decompression sickness (DCS), this paper reviewed relevant studies and analyzed the interaction between hydration and decompression safety during diving. The primary causes of dehydration in diving are "hyperbaric diuresis", "immersion diuresis", breathing dry gas, heat, and cold. Dehydration not only promotes the occurrence of DCS but also reduces the aerobic work efficiency and athletic performance of divers, as well as affects cognition and mood. A study found that appropriate rehydration before and during diving can reduce the risk of DCS, which possibly associates with the increase of blood volume, plasma surface tension, and vasoconstriction. Fluid therapy is also important for those who already have DCS. This paper analyzed the amount, nature, timing, and effect of rehydration involved in the above links, comprehensively sorted out the relationship between hydration and diving safety, summarized the existing problems, and provided reference for practical application and future research.

Although the development of COVID-19 vaccines has been a remarkable success, the heterogeneous individual antibody generation and decline over time are unknown and still hard to predict. In this study, blood samples were collected from 163 participants who next received two doses of an inactivated COVID-19 vaccine (CoronaVac®) at a 28-day interval. Using TMT-based proteomics, we identified 1,715 serum and 7,342 peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) proteins. We proposed two sets of potential biomarkers (seven from serum, five from PBMCs) at baseline using machine learning, and predicted the individual seropositivity 57 days after vaccination (AUC = 0.87). Based on the four PBMC's potential biomarkers, we predicted the antibody persistence until 180 days after vaccination (AUC = 0.79). Our data highlighted characteristic hematological host responses, including altered lymphocyte migration regulation, neutrophil degranulation, and humoral immune response. This study proposed potential blood-derived protein biomarkers before vaccination for predicting heterogeneous antibody generation and decline after COVID-19 vaccination, shedding light on immunization mechanisms and individual booster shot planning.
Humans ; COVID-19 Vaccines ; Leukocytes, Mononuclear ; Proteomics ; COVID-19/prevention & control* ; Vaccination ; Antibodies ; Antibodies, Viral ; Antibodies, Neutralizing

Objective:To investigate and understand current status of radiotherapy resources in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) and analyze the radiotherapy needs of ASEAN countries, aiming to provide suggestions for China's radiotherapy technology international assistance work.Methods:We created a database of 10 ASEAN countries using open-source data, including data on population size, per capita gross national income, new cancer cases, and radiotherapy equipment (megavolt units). We also estimated the number of cases requiring radiotherapy and the demand for radiotherapy equipment. Descriptive statistics were used to present aggregate data and national data.Results:In 2020, the number of new cancer cases in ASEAN countries was 1.0992 million, and the estimated total number of cancer patients requiring radiotherapy was 700 300. The number of radiotherapy equipment required was 1 406. At present, the actual number of radiotherapy equipment in ASEAN countries is 564, and there is a certain gap between the existing radiotherapy resources in some ASEAN countries and the actual needs of cancer patients in their own countries. In 2040, the estimated number of new cancer cases in ASEAN countries will be 1.803 million, and the estimated total number of cancer patients who need radiotherapy in ASEAN countries will be 1.141 2 million. The number of required radiotherapy equipment will be 2 287. By 2040, the growth rate of radiation therapy equipment demand in ASEAN countries will be 305%, and all ASEAN countries need to allocate more radiotherapy resources to cope with the increase in the number of cancer patients and radiotherapy demand.Conclusions:ASEAN countries have a huge demand for radiotherapy in the next two decades, while there are significant differences among different countries. China's precision radiotherapy science and technology have huge potential for ASEAN countries. Radiotherapy science and technology international assistance work based on the needs of ASEAN countries will help China's radiotherapy continue to exert influence and promote the health and well-being of people in ASEAN countries.

There are few studies about the treatment of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) with darolutamide. This paper reports a case that an 83-year-old patient complained of dysuria. His initial diagnosis was metastatic hormone sensitive prostate cancer(mHSPC). Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) plus bicalutamide was performed. Re-examination of bone scan after half a year revealed that there were more than two new bone metastases, which was considered entering mCRPC. Due to the patient’s advanced age, post medical history of epilepsy, type 2 diabetes and cardiac radiofrequency ablation, long-term use of phenobarbital and repaglinide, the therapy was changed to ADT plus darolutamide to avoid drug contraindications. Re-examination of bone scan after 10 months revealed decreased metabolism in some metastases, and tPSA declined continuously.

Objective:To explore the clinical efficacy and safety of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) combined with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) in the treatment of first-episode late-life depression.Methods:From June 2019 to January 2020, first-episode elderly patients with depression in Beijing Anding Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University were screened and randomly divided into test group (true rTMS+SSRIs, n=26) and control group (rTMS sham+SSRIs, n=25) according to the random number table method. All the patients were treated for 4 weeks and followed up for 4 weeks after treatment. The test group received 20 sessions (5 sessions per week) of 10 Hz rTMS (120% of motor threshold). Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD 17) and The Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) were used to assess the clinical symptoms at the end of the 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th week of treatment and at the end of the 4th week of the follow-up after treatment, and the response rate and the rate of recovery were compared between the two groups,analyzed by the χ 2 test and repeated measurement analysis of variance. Results:(1) At the end of the 4th week of treatment 69.23% (18/26) subjects in the test group and 36.00% (9/25) in the control group significantly improved their depressive condition, which was defined as a more than 50% HAMD 17 reduction (χ 2=5.649, P=0.017). However, there was no significant difference between the two groups when compared the rate of recovery,which was defined as a HAMD 17 ≤7 ( P>0.05). (2) At the end of the 4th week of the follow-up, there was no significant difference in the response rate nor the rate of recovery between the two groups ( P>0.05). (3) During the entire observation period, there was an interaction between the time point and the group in HAMD 17 total score and PHQ-9 total score ( F=66.313, P=0.008; F=8.571, P<0.01). Conclusion:There might be potential advantages in the combination treatments by rTMS at 120% MT and SSRIs antidepressants for the elderly depressive patients, and the onset of efficacy is faster than that of pharmacotherapy alone, while the large sample clinical studies are still needed to confirm the benefits.