Background and Aims:N6-methyladenosine(m6A)epigenetic modification plays a crucial role in post-transcriptional gene expression regulation and various physiological and pathological processes,including tumorigenesis.The m6A reader IGF2BP2 significantly enhances mRNA stability and translation efficiency and is abnormally expressed in multiple cancers.However,the specific biological function of IGF2BP2 in pancreatic cancer remains unclear.Therefore,this study investigated the expression of the m6A reader IGF2BP2 in pancreatic cancer and its effects on pancreatic cancer cell functions.Methods:The expression levels of m6A-related writers,erasers,and readers were analyzed using The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA),the Genotype-Tissue Expression(GTEX)database,and the Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO).Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was conducted to assess the relationship between IGF2BP2 expression and the prognosis of pancreatic cancer patients.Immunohistochemistry was used to validate IGF2BP2 expression in clinical specimens of pancreatic cancer tissues and adjacent normal tissues.Functional experiments,including CCK-8 assay,flow cytometry for cell cycle analysis,colony formation assay,and Transwell migration assay,were performed to evaluate changes in cell proliferation,cell cycle distribution,colony formation ability,and migration capacity after IGF2BP2 knockdown in pancreatic cancer cells.Results:TCGA-GTEX and GEO database analyses showed that IGF2BP2 was highly expressed in pancreatic cancer tissues(both P<0.05)and that its high expression was associated with poor overall survival(both P<0.05).Immunohistochemical staining of clinical specimens confirmed that IGF2BP2 protein expression was higher in pancreatic cancer than in adjacent normal tissue.Functional experiments demonstrated that IGF2BP2 knockdown significantly reduced the proliferation ability of pancreatic cancer cells,arrested more cells in the G0-G1 phase,decreased colony formation,and impaired cell migration(all P<0.05).Conclusion:The m6A reader IGF2BP2 is highly expressed in pancreatic cancer tissues and is closely associated with poor prognosis in patients with this disease.Its mechanism of action may be related to the promotion of cancer cell growth and migration.

Background and Aims:N6-methyladenosine(m6A)epigenetic modification plays a crucial role in post-transcriptional gene expression regulation and various physiological and pathological processes,including tumorigenesis.The m6A reader IGF2BP2 significantly enhances mRNA stability and translation efficiency and is abnormally expressed in multiple cancers.However,the specific biological function of IGF2BP2 in pancreatic cancer remains unclear.Therefore,this study investigated the expression of the m6A reader IGF2BP2 in pancreatic cancer and its effects on pancreatic cancer cell functions.Methods:The expression levels of m6A-related writers,erasers,and readers were analyzed using The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA),the Genotype-Tissue Expression(GTEX)database,and the Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO).Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was conducted to assess the relationship between IGF2BP2 expression and the prognosis of pancreatic cancer patients.Immunohistochemistry was used to validate IGF2BP2 expression in clinical specimens of pancreatic cancer tissues and adjacent normal tissues.Functional experiments,including CCK-8 assay,flow cytometry for cell cycle analysis,colony formation assay,and Transwell migration assay,were performed to evaluate changes in cell proliferation,cell cycle distribution,colony formation ability,and migration capacity after IGF2BP2 knockdown in pancreatic cancer cells.Results:TCGA-GTEX and GEO database analyses showed that IGF2BP2 was highly expressed in pancreatic cancer tissues(both P<0.05)and that its high expression was associated with poor overall survival(both P<0.05).Immunohistochemical staining of clinical specimens confirmed that IGF2BP2 protein expression was higher in pancreatic cancer than in adjacent normal tissue.Functional experiments demonstrated that IGF2BP2 knockdown significantly reduced the proliferation ability of pancreatic cancer cells,arrested more cells in the G0-G1 phase,decreased colony formation,and impaired cell migration(all P<0.05).Conclusion:The m6A reader IGF2BP2 is highly expressed in pancreatic cancer tissues and is closely associated with poor prognosis in patients with this disease.Its mechanism of action may be related to the promotion of cancer cell growth and migration.

Objective To investigate the prognostic value of triglyceride-glucose index(TyG index)in non-diabetic patients with acute coronary syndrome(ACS)who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI).Methods A total of 529 non-diabetic ACS patients who had successfully underwent PCI in our hospital from January 2019 to December 2020 were selected.According to the median TyG index(8.98),the patients were divided into low TyG index group(TyG＜8.98)and high TyG index group(TyG≥8.98).All the patients were followed up for major adverse cardiovascular events(MACE).Results Overall,55(10.4％)endpoint events were documented during a 24-month follow-up.Kaplan-Meier survival curves showed that the cumulative incidence of MACE was significantly higher in patients in the high TyG group than in the low TyG group(Log Rank P=0.001).Multivariate Cox analysis showed that after adjusting other confounding factors,TyG index was an independent predictor of MACE(HR=3.50,95％CI:1.44-8.53,P＜0.01).The risk of MACE in the high TyG group was 1.12-fold increased compared with the low TyG group(95％CI:1.19-3.79,P=0.011).The subgroup analysis results were generally consistent.Conclusion TyG index is an independent predictor of MACE in non-diabetic ACS patients who underwent PCI.

Objective:To establish a reference interval for serum iodine of pregnant women with normal thyroid function and to analyze the relationship between serum iodine and thyroid disease risk.Methods:From July 2022 to October 2023, using cross-sectional survey method, pregnant women aged 18 to 48 years old who had lived in iodine-deficient areas in the six provinces of China (Shanxi Province, Fujian Province, Yunnan Province, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Zhejiang Province, and Anhui Province) for more than six months were selected as the survey subjects. Blood samples were collected, serum iodine was tested, and the percentile method was used to establish a reference interval for serum iodine of pregnant women with normal thyroid function. Meanwhile, serum levels of free thyroxine, thyroid stimulating hormone, thyroglobulin antibody (TgAb), and thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb) were tested, and logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between serum iodine and thyroid disease risk.Results:A total of 1 409 pregnant women from 6 provinces were investigated, including 1 087 with normal thyroid function and 322 with abnormal thyroid function. The median serum iodine level of pregnant women with normal thyroid function was 79.74 μg/L, and the preliminary reference interval for serum iodine was 47.57 - 128.96 μg/L. When serum iodine levels were lower (< 47.57 μg/L), pregnant women had a significantly increased risk of developing TgAb positivity, TPOAb positivity, hypothyroxinemia, hypothyroidism, and autoimmune thyroiditis ( OR = 4.44, 2.91, 3.41, 41.67, 23.43, P < 0.05). When serum iodine levels were high (> 128.96 μg/L), pregnant women had a significantly increased risk of developing hyperthyroidism ( OR = 9.91, P = 0.001). Conclusions:The reference interval for serum iodine of pregnant women with normal thyroid function is successfully established. Low serum iodine levels are associated with an increased risk of TgAb positivity, TPOAb positivity, hypothyroxinemia, hypothyroidism, and autoimmune thyroiditis, while high serum iodine levels are associated with an increased risk of hyperthyroidism.

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of oblique lumbar interbody fusion(OLIF)combined with lateral plate fixation in the treatment of single-level adjacent segment disease(ASDis)following lumbar fusion surgery so as to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of this surgical approach.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 46 patients with single-level ASDis after lumbar fusion surgery from August 2022 to October 2024.Twenty-three patients underwent OLIF combined with lateral plate fixation(OLIF group),while 23 patients received posterior lumbar interbody fusion(PLIF)(PLIF group).The following parameters were compared between the two groups:operative time,intraoperative blood loss,visual analogue scale(VAS)for pain,Oswestry disability index(ODI),disc height(DH),intervertebral foramen height(IFH),and interbody fusion status.Results All the 46 patients successfully completed surgery for single-level ASDis and were followed up for(13.7±1.1)months.The OLIF group had significantly shorter operative time[(70.7±4.6)min vs.(128.6±12.0)min]and less intraoperative blood loss[(58.6±5.7)mL vs.(313.3±47.5)mL]compared to the PLIF group(all P＜0.05).Both groups showed significant improvements in postoperative lumbar VAS and ODI scores at all follow-up time points compared to preoperative values(P＜0.05).The OLIF group exhibited significantly lower lumbar VAS scores at 3 days and 3 months postoperatively than those of the PLIF group(P＜0.05),and there was no statistical difference in VAS scores at the other follow-up time points(P＞0.05).There was no significant difference in postoperative ODI between OLIF group and PLIF group at each time point(P＞0.05).Postoperative DH and IFH were significantly improved in both groups compared to preoperative measurements(P＜0.05).In OLIF group,1 case of transient left thigh numbness resolved with conservative treatment within 2 weeks;1 case of cage subsidence was observed at 1 month postoperatively,achieving fusion without further displacement by 13 months.All the OLIF cases achieved complete fusion(fusion rate:100％).In PLIF group,2 cases of cerebrospinal fluid leakage healed with bed rest,1 case of wound exudation resolved with intensive dressing changes,and 1 case failed to achieve fusion(fusion rate:96％).Conclusion OLIF combined with lateral plate fixation demonstrates satisfactory early clinical outcomes for single-level ASDis after lumbar fusion,with significant advantages in operative efficiency(shorter time plus reduced blood loss)and short-term pain relief.Therefore,it is a safe and effective surgical approach.

OBJECTIVE To establish an in vitro simulated one compartment extravascular adminis-tration model with lanthanum nitrate as the test substance,and explore the differences between this model and the classic in vitro administration model in lanthanum nitrate induced HepG2 cell death.METHODS An in vitro administration device was designed based on compartment model theories which consisted of four functional chambers:the liquid storage chamber,mixing chamber,toxicant exposure chamber,and waste liquid receiving chamber.The four chambers were connected by peristaltic pump hoses.The peristaltic pumps were employed to ensure unidirectional and constant speed trans-mission of liquid between these chambers.According to the preset toxicokinetic parameters such as T1/2a and T1/2,an in vitro simulated one compartment extravascular administration model of lanthanum nitrate was constructed using the device.The content of lanthanum nitrate in the toxicant exposure chamber at different time points was measured using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry.The concentration-time curves of lanthanum nitrate were analyzed using PKsolver and GraphPad Prism 8.0 software.The constructed in vitro simulated one compartment extravascular administration model was evaluated by comparing the measured and theoretical values of toxicokinetic parameters.HepG2 cells were treated with lanthanum nitrate in the in vitro simulated one compartment extravascular administration model and classic in vitro administration model,respectively,and cell death was measured using the Hoechst 33342/propidium iodide staining method.RESULTS Within the Cmax range of 3.91-1 000.00 μmol·L-1,the measured concentration-time curves of lanthanum nitrate in the toxicant expo-sure chamber almost conformed with the corresponding calculated theoretical curves(the correlation coefficients were all>0.998 0).The measured values of toxicokinetic parameters,including Ke,T1/2,Ka,T1/2a,Tmax,Cmax,CL and AUC0-∞,were close to the corresponding theoretical values.The fitting coeffi-cients(R2)of the concentration-time curves for each experimental group were all>0.990 0,which was consistent with one compartment model for extravascular administration.In the simulated one compart-ment extravascular administration model,no significant death of HepG2 cells was observed in any lanthanum nitrate dose group.In the classic in vitro administration model,the cell death rate of the 0.500 mmol·L-1 lanthanum nitrate group was higher than that of the solvent control group,but no significant cell death was observed in the 0.119 mmol·L-1 group or 0.243 mmol·L-1 group.When Cmax or Cadministration was 0.500 mmol·L-1,classic in vitro administration induced a higher cell death rate than simulated one compart-ment extravascular administration.However,there was no statistically significant difference in lanthanum nitrate induced HepG2 cell death between the two administration models when the AUC was equal.CONCLUSION The device designed in this study can be used to in vitro simulate one compartment extravascular administration,making in vitro toxicity testing more similar to in vivo scenarios,and providing data for optimizing administration methods of in vitro toxicity testing.There are differences in lanthanum nitrate induced HepG2 cell death between simulated one compartment extravascular administration and classic in vitro administration,indicating that different in vitro exposure modes can affect toxicity.

Objective:To evaluate the clinical efficacy of endoscopic treatment of superficial non-ampullary duodenal adenoma.Methods:A retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data and follow-up information of patients diagnosed with superficial duodenal non-ampullary adenomas via preoperative endoscopy and treated endoscopically at Peking University First Hospital between January 2013 and January 2024. The overall en bloc resection rate, complete resection rate of the lesion, perioperative complications, and recurrence rates were evaluated. Patients were categorized into three groups based on their treatment modality: endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR)（ n=46）, endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD)（ n=16）, and modified ESD (ESD with snare, ESD-S)（ n=24）. Comparative analyses were conducted to evaluate operative time, en bloc resection rate, and complete resection rate among the three groups. Results:Among 86 patients, the overall en bloc and complete resection rates were 87.2% (75/86) and 86.0% (74/86), respectively. No case of delayed bleeding was observed during the perioperative period. Intraoperative perforation occurred in two patients, both of whom improved following conservative management. Delayed perforation was noted in four patients, and three of them were successfully managed with surgical intervention, while one case was resolved after conservative treatment. During the follow-up period, local recurrence was identified in two patients. Following re-treatment with endoscopy and continuous surveillance, no further recurrence was observed. The operative times for the EMR group, ESD-S group, and ESD group were 4 (1-36) minutes, 25 (5-190) minutes, and 46 (5-150) minutes, respectively. Significant differences were observed in operative times among the three groups ( Hc=49.892, P<0.001). The en bloc resection rates for the EMR, ESD-S, and ESD groups were 80.4% (37/46), 91.7% (22/24), and 100.0% (16/16), respectively. The complete resection rates were 80.4% (37/46), 91.7% (22/24), and 93.8% (15/16) for the respective groups. Conclusion:Endoscopic treatment demonstrates favorable efficacy and safety for superficial non-ampullary duodenal adenoma. In addition to traditional EMR and ESD, ESD-S is also an effective procedure for endoscopic treatment of non-ampullary duodenal adenoma.

Objective:To establish a reference interval for serum iodine of pregnant women with normal thyroid function and to analyze the relationship between serum iodine and thyroid disease risk.Methods:From July 2022 to October 2023, using cross-sectional survey method, pregnant women aged 18 to 48 years old who had lived in iodine-deficient areas in the six provinces of China (Shanxi Province, Fujian Province, Yunnan Province, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Zhejiang Province, and Anhui Province) for more than six months were selected as the survey subjects. Blood samples were collected, serum iodine was tested, and the percentile method was used to establish a reference interval for serum iodine of pregnant women with normal thyroid function. Meanwhile, serum levels of free thyroxine, thyroid stimulating hormone, thyroglobulin antibody (TgAb), and thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb) were tested, and logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between serum iodine and thyroid disease risk.Results:A total of 1 409 pregnant women from 6 provinces were investigated, including 1 087 with normal thyroid function and 322 with abnormal thyroid function. The median serum iodine level of pregnant women with normal thyroid function was 79.74 μg/L, and the preliminary reference interval for serum iodine was 47.57 - 128.96 μg/L. When serum iodine levels were lower (< 47.57 μg/L), pregnant women had a significantly increased risk of developing TgAb positivity, TPOAb positivity, hypothyroxinemia, hypothyroidism, and autoimmune thyroiditis ( OR = 4.44, 2.91, 3.41, 41.67, 23.43, P < 0.05). When serum iodine levels were high (> 128.96 μg/L), pregnant women had a significantly increased risk of developing hyperthyroidism ( OR = 9.91, P = 0.001). Conclusions:The reference interval for serum iodine of pregnant women with normal thyroid function is successfully established. Low serum iodine levels are associated with an increased risk of TgAb positivity, TPOAb positivity, hypothyroxinemia, hypothyroidism, and autoimmune thyroiditis, while high serum iodine levels are associated with an increased risk of hyperthyroidism.

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of oblique lumbar interbody fusion(OLIF)combined with lateral plate fixation in the treatment of single-level adjacent segment disease(ASDis)following lumbar fusion surgery so as to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of this surgical approach.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 46 patients with single-level ASDis after lumbar fusion surgery from August 2022 to October 2024.Twenty-three patients underwent OLIF combined with lateral plate fixation(OLIF group),while 23 patients received posterior lumbar interbody fusion(PLIF)(PLIF group).The following parameters were compared between the two groups:operative time,intraoperative blood loss,visual analogue scale(VAS)for pain,Oswestry disability index(ODI),disc height(DH),intervertebral foramen height(IFH),and interbody fusion status.Results All the 46 patients successfully completed surgery for single-level ASDis and were followed up for(13.7±1.1)months.The OLIF group had significantly shorter operative time[(70.7±4.6)min vs.(128.6±12.0)min]and less intraoperative blood loss[(58.6±5.7)mL vs.(313.3±47.5)mL]compared to the PLIF group(all P＜0.05).Both groups showed significant improvements in postoperative lumbar VAS and ODI scores at all follow-up time points compared to preoperative values(P＜0.05).The OLIF group exhibited significantly lower lumbar VAS scores at 3 days and 3 months postoperatively than those of the PLIF group(P＜0.05),and there was no statistical difference in VAS scores at the other follow-up time points(P＞0.05).There was no significant difference in postoperative ODI between OLIF group and PLIF group at each time point(P＞0.05).Postoperative DH and IFH were significantly improved in both groups compared to preoperative measurements(P＜0.05).In OLIF group,1 case of transient left thigh numbness resolved with conservative treatment within 2 weeks;1 case of cage subsidence was observed at 1 month postoperatively,achieving fusion without further displacement by 13 months.All the OLIF cases achieved complete fusion(fusion rate:100％).In PLIF group,2 cases of cerebrospinal fluid leakage healed with bed rest,1 case of wound exudation resolved with intensive dressing changes,and 1 case failed to achieve fusion(fusion rate:96％).Conclusion OLIF combined with lateral plate fixation demonstrates satisfactory early clinical outcomes for single-level ASDis after lumbar fusion,with significant advantages in operative efficiency(shorter time plus reduced blood loss)and short-term pain relief.Therefore,it is a safe and effective surgical approach.

Objective: To develop a simple digital chylous plasma device and validate its ability to accurately, standardly, and non-destructively determine chylous plasma in blood banks and clinical transfusions in hospitals. Methods: A digital chylous plasma assessment device was designed and manufactured. This device was used to measure the chylous degrees of chylous plasma samples before freezing, after freeze-thawing, before viral inactivation, and after viral inactivation. The measured chylosity index values were categorized according to the requirements specified in Appendix A of the Chinese national standard GB 18469-2001 "Quality Requirements for Whole Blood and Blood Components". This process established a digital standard for chylous plasma, enabling the identification of severe, moderate and mild chylous plasma, and non-chylous plasma. Results: The initial simple product of the digital chylous assessment device was successfully designed and manufactured. There was no significant difference in the degree of chylous plasma between pre-freezing 468.11±217.73 lux and post-thawing 538.91±273.39 lux of chylous plasma (P>0.05), or between pre-viral inactivation 858.33±387.79 lux and post-viral inactivation 928.33±166.51 lux of chylous plasma (P>0.05). The median of chylous degree values for plasma chylous index grades 0 to 6 were 45 lux, 250 lux, 620 lux, 835 lux, 1 130 lux, 1 390 lux, and 1 700 lux, respectively. The defined cutoff values/ranges for the chylous degree values corresponding to plasma chylous index grade 0 to 6 were ≤125 lux, 126-465 lux, 466-740 lux, 741-1 000 lux, 1 001-1 233 lux, 1 234-1 560 lux, and ≥1 561 lux. Conclusion: This study successfully developed the initial product of the digital chylous device and established digital standards for classifying chylous plasma. The device demonstrates the potential to meet the needs for assessment of chylous plasma in both blood banks and clinical transfusions in hospitals, thereby promoting the development and application of standardized, non-destructive chylous plasma assessment technology.