Endothelial dysfunction induced by inflammation and oxidative stress represents a critical pathological mechanism in cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, including sepsis and atherosclerosis. Although crebanine has been reported to possess antiinflammatory and analgesic properties, its effects on inflammation and oxidative stress in endothelial cells remain unknown. In this study, we assessed cell viability, apoptosis, and migration using the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), flow cytometry, and a wound healing assay, respectively. The levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the expression of inflammatory and oxidative stress markers were determined by qRT-PCR, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and Western blotting analysis. Our results demonstrated that crebanine alleviated lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced apoptosis and dysfunction in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Crebanine treatment inhibited the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β), ROS, and malondialdehyde (MDA), while it enhanced the activity of the antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD). Mechanistically, crebanine suppressed LPS-induced activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway in HUVECs. Furthermore, the improvement effect of crebanine on the inflammation and dysfunction in LPS-treated HUVECs was reversed by diprovocim, an NF-κB activator.These findings suggest that crebanine ameliorates LPS-induced inflammation and oxidative stress in HUVECs by inhibiting the NF-κB signaling pathway, indicating its potential therapeutic value for treating vascular endothelial dysfunction-related diseases.

Objective: To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) in Jinhua City, Zhejiang Province from 2015 to 2024, so as to provide the evidence for optimizing tuberculosis control strategies. Methods: Data of PTB cases in Jinhua City from 2015 to 2024 were collected through the China Disease Prevention and Control Information System. Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the population, temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of PTB cases. Seasonal index was used to analyze temporal distribution characteristics. The average annual percent change (AAPC) was used to analyze the trends in reported incidence and etiological positivity rate of PTB from 2015 to 2024. Results: A total of 34 750 PTB cases were reported in Jinhua City from 2015 to 2024, with an average annual reported incidence of 56.35/105. There were 20 054 cases with positive etiological test results, with a positive rate of 57.71%. The reported incidence of PTB showed an overall declining trend (AAPC=-5.814%, P<0.05), while the etiological positivity rate demonstrated an overall upward trend (AAPC=6.687%, P<0.05). The average annual reported incidence of PTB was 71.29/105 in males, higher than 39.98/105 in females (P<0.05). The reported incidence in both males and females showed a downward trend (AAPC=-5.909%, -6.803%, both P<0.05). The population aged ≥60 years had a higher proportion and reported incidence, which were 40.15% and 134.05/105, respectively. The reported incidence showed downward trends in the groups aged 0-<20 years, 20-<40 years, 40-<60 years, and ≥60 years (AAPC=-11.191%, -10.849%, -6.343%, and -4.006%, all P<0.05). Farmers were the predominant occupation, with 21 584 cases, accounting for 62.11%. PTB was highly prevalent from March to September, with a higher seasonal index in May (116.37%). Lanxi City, Pujiang County and Yiwu City had higher reported incidence, which were 77.85/105, 65.89/105 and 60.77/105, respectively. Except for Pan'an County where the trend in reported incidence was not statistically significant (P>0.05), the reported incidence in other regions showed downward trends, with AAPC values ranging from -9.039% to -1.964% (all P<0.05). Conclusions From 2015 to 2024, the reported incidence of PTB in Jinhua City showed an overall declining trend, while the pathogen positivity rate showed an upward trend. PTB was highly prevalent in spring and summer. Males, the elderly and farmers were the key target population for prevention and control. Lanxi City, Pujiang County and Yiwu City were high-incidence areas.

Objective: To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) among migrant population in Jinhua City, Zhejiang Province from 2016 to 2025, so as to provide evidence for optimizing PTB prevention and control strategies among migrant population. Methods: The registration information of PTB cases in Jinhua City was extracted from the Tuberculosis Management Information System of China Disease Prevention and Control Information System, including gender, occupation, household registration, and case detection approach. A descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the temporal, regional, and population distribution characteristics of PTB cases among the migrant population. Results: A total of 9 639 PTB cases among migrant population were registered in Jinhua City from 2016 to 2025, accounting for 28.95% of all PTB cases, with the proportion showing an overall downward trend (P<0.05). The number of PTB cases among the migrant population was relatively high from March to September, with 6 504 cases (67.48%). The proportions of migrant PTB cases relative to all PTB cases were higher in May and June, at 11.03% and 10.26%, respectively. Yiwu City and Yongkang City had the highest number of cases among migrant population, with 4 357 and 1 877 cases, accounting for 45.20% and 19.47%, respectively. There were 5 984 male cases (62.08%) and 3 655 female cases (37.92%). The predominant group was aged 20-<35 years, with 4 934 cases (51.19%). The majority of cases were migrant workers, with 4 041 cases (41.92%). Cases were mainly detected through referral and follow-up, with 6 906 (71.65%) and 1 080 (11.20%) cases. Conclusions The proportion of PTB cases among migrant population in Jinhua City showed an overall downward trend from 2016 to 2025, with an epidemic peaking in May and June. Yiwu City and Yongkang City were key areas for prevention and control. Males, young and middle-aged adults, and migrant workers were high-risk groups. Cases were mainly detected through referral and follow-up.

Objective: To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of gonorrhea in Jinhua City, Zhejiang Province, from 2015 to 2024, so as to provide reference for formulating and optimizing regionalized sexually transmitted disease prevention and control strategies, thereby reducing the risk of infection and transmission. Methods: Data on gonorrhea cases in Jinhua City from 2015 to 2024 were collected through the Infectious Disease Surveillance System of the China Disease Prevention and Control Information System, including information on gender, age, region, and time of onset. A descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of gonorrhea in Jinhua City, and the annual percentage change (APC) was used to analyze the trend of incidence of gonorrhea from 2015 to 2024. Results: From 2015 to 2024, a total of 18 851 gonorrhea cases were reported in Jinhua City , with an average annual reported incidence of 30.57/105. The reported incidence of gonorrhea decreased from 44.99/105 in 2015 to 15.54/105 in 2024, showing a downward trend (APC=-14.775%, P<0.05). Yongkang City, Yiwu City, and Dongyang City had higher average annual reported incidences, 45.60/105, 36.38/105, and 35.54/105, respectively. From 2015 to 2024, the reported incidence of gonorrhea in Wucheng District, Jindong District, Pujiang County, Pan'an County, Yiwu City, Dongyang City, and Yongkang City showed downward trends (APC=-9.063%, -14.791%, -9.142%, -10.219%, -22.402%, -14.665%, and -15.278%, all P<0.05). The average annual reported incidence was higher in males than in females (45.73/105 vs. 13.96/105, P<0.05). The predominant age group was aged 20-<50 years, with 14 793 cases (78.47%). From 2015 to 2024, the reported incidence of gonorrhea in the age groups of 0-<15, 20-<30, 30-<40, 40-<50, 50-<60, and 60-<70 years showed declining trends (APC=-21.896%, -13.268%, -15.288%, -11.896%, -14.276%, and -11.954%, all P<0.05). The predominant occupational group was farmers, with 8 761 cases (46.47%). Conclusions From 2015 to 2024, the overall incidence of gonorrhea in Jinhua City showed a downward trend, but the incidence level remained relatively high. Yongkang City, Yiwu City, and Dongyang City were high-incidence areas. Males, young and middle-aged adults, and farmers were high-risk populations.

Objective To analyze the efficacy of the"sandwich"technique for treating varicocele(VC).Methods A total of 310 patients with VC(365 affected veins)were selected and divided into interventional treatment group and non-interventional treatment group.The baseline data,hospitalization data,and 6-month follow-up data of the two groups were analyzed.Results The age of patients in the interventional treatment group was significantly lower than that in the non-interventional treatment group(P＜0.05).The surgical time and hospital stay in the interventional treatment group were significantly lower than those in the non-interventional treatment group(P＜0.05).In the non-interventional treatment group,two patients experienced surgical site infections,and one patient opted for interventional treatment due to recurrence after non-interventional treatment.After surgery,the diameter of the spermatic vein significantly decreased in both the interventional and non-interventional treatment(P＜0.05).Conclusion The"sandwich"technique(embolization coil combined with foam sclerotherapy)is an effective treatment for VC.

Objective To analyze the efficacy of the"sandwich"technique for treating varicocele(VC).Methods A total of 310 patients with VC(365 affected veins)were selected and divided into interventional treatment group and non-interventional treatment group.The baseline data,hospitalization data,and 6-month follow-up data of the two groups were analyzed.Results The age of patients in the interventional treatment group was significantly lower than that in the non-interventional treatment group(P＜0.05).The surgical time and hospital stay in the interventional treatment group were significantly lower than those in the non-interventional treatment group(P＜0.05).In the non-interventional treatment group,two patients experienced surgical site infections,and one patient opted for interventional treatment due to recurrence after non-interventional treatment.After surgery,the diameter of the spermatic vein significantly decreased in both the interventional and non-interventional treatment(P＜0.05).Conclusion The"sandwich"technique(embolization coil combined with foam sclerotherapy)is an effective treatment for VC.

Objective:To investigate the differential expression profiles of long non-coding RNAs(LncRNAs) and messenger RNAs(mRNAs) regulated by soluble dipeptidyl peptidase-4(sDPP4) during vascular smooth muscle cell calcification, and to explore the potential underlying calcification mechanisms.Methods:DPP4 levels in blood vessels and peripheral blood of diabetic patients were measured using Western blotting(WB) and real-time quantitative PCR(RT-qPCR). A cellular calcification model was established by treating human aortic vascular smooth muscle cells(HASMCs) with sDPP4. The effects of sDPP4 on HASMCs were assessed by WB, RT-qPCR, alizarin red staining, and calcium content determination. High-throughput sequencing was performed to analyze the differential expression profiles of LncRNA and mRNA following sDPP4 treatment. Among them, LncRNA ENST00000540293, which exhibited the most pronounced downregulation and was located adjacent to the matrix metalloproteinase-1(MMP-1) gene, was selected for further investigation. The osteogenic transdifferentiation of HASMCs after silencing LncRNA ENST00000540293 was evaluated using WB, RT-qPCR, alizarin red staining, and immunofluorescence-based cytoskeletal staining.Results:DPP4 expression was significantly elevated in both blood vessels and peripheral blood of diabetic patients. sDPP4 stimulation upregulated the protein levels of osteopontin(OPN) and runt-related transcription factor 2(RUNX2) in HASMCs, enhanced alizarin red staining, and increased intracellular calcium deposition. RNA sequencing revealed significant downregulation of LncRNA ENST00000540293 following sDPP4 exposure, while GO and pathway analysis indicated a marked increase in extracellular matrix binding activity(GO: 0050840). Silencing LncRNA ENST00000540293 suppressed α-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA) expression, promoted OPN and RUNX2 expression, increased calcification as shown by positive alizarin red staining, and cytoskeletal staining demonstrated osteogenic transdifferentiation of HASMCs, accompanied by a significant rise in MMP-1 protein level.Conclusion:sDPP4 promotes osteogenic transdifferentiation of HASMCs, potentially by downregulating LncRNA ENST00000540293. MMP-1 may be a potential target regulated by LncRNA ENST00000540293.

Objective:To investigate the differential expression profiles of long non-coding RNAs(LncRNAs) and messenger RNAs(mRNAs) regulated by soluble dipeptidyl peptidase-4(sDPP4) during vascular smooth muscle cell calcification, and to explore the potential underlying calcification mechanisms.Methods:DPP4 levels in blood vessels and peripheral blood of diabetic patients were measured using Western blotting(WB) and real-time quantitative PCR(RT-qPCR). A cellular calcification model was established by treating human aortic vascular smooth muscle cells(HASMCs) with sDPP4. The effects of sDPP4 on HASMCs were assessed by WB, RT-qPCR, alizarin red staining, and calcium content determination. High-throughput sequencing was performed to analyze the differential expression profiles of LncRNA and mRNA following sDPP4 treatment. Among them, LncRNA ENST00000540293, which exhibited the most pronounced downregulation and was located adjacent to the matrix metalloproteinase-1(MMP-1) gene, was selected for further investigation. The osteogenic transdifferentiation of HASMCs after silencing LncRNA ENST00000540293 was evaluated using WB, RT-qPCR, alizarin red staining, and immunofluorescence-based cytoskeletal staining.Results:DPP4 expression was significantly elevated in both blood vessels and peripheral blood of diabetic patients. sDPP4 stimulation upregulated the protein levels of osteopontin(OPN) and runt-related transcription factor 2(RUNX2) in HASMCs, enhanced alizarin red staining, and increased intracellular calcium deposition. RNA sequencing revealed significant downregulation of LncRNA ENST00000540293 following sDPP4 exposure, while GO and pathway analysis indicated a marked increase in extracellular matrix binding activity(GO: 0050840). Silencing LncRNA ENST00000540293 suppressed α-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA) expression, promoted OPN and RUNX2 expression, increased calcification as shown by positive alizarin red staining, and cytoskeletal staining demonstrated osteogenic transdifferentiation of HASMCs, accompanied by a significant rise in MMP-1 protein level.Conclusion:sDPP4 promotes osteogenic transdifferentiation of HASMCs, potentially by downregulating LncRNA ENST00000540293. MMP-1 may be a potential target regulated by LncRNA ENST00000540293.

Objective:To summarize the clinical features of 8 cases with intramycardial hematoma(IMH) following congenital cardiac surgery in children.Methods:We retrospectly searched 8 patients with intramycardial hematoma after congenital cardiac surgery in Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center from 2008 to 2024.Results:Mean age and mean weight at surgery were(13±15) months and(7.8±3.5)kg respectively. 6 of 8 cases were interventricular septal hematoma. In the other 2 patients, intramycardial hematoma was located in left ventrical free wall. All IMH were postoperatively detected by transthoracic echocardiaography. Two patients were managed with ECMO intraoperatively. Finally, all patients were discharged successfully with good clinical results. Mean time to IMH resolution in six patients was(33.5±4.6) days and mean left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF) was 0.60±0.09. Another patient was followed up for 3 months and the IMH was not absorbed. One patient was lost to follow-up.Conclusion:IMH is a rare complication after congenital heart disease. The absorption of hematoma is a dynamic process and mean time to IMH resolution is about 1month. In IMH patients with hemodynamic instability, ECMO can be a good treatment to create opportunities for hematoma absorbtion.

Patients with diabetic retinopathy often experience diabetes distress when facing the challenges of the disease, which has adverse effects on their health outcomes. This paper summarizes the current situation of diabetes distress in patients with diabetic retinopathy, and the assessment tools, influencing factors, and intervention measures, aiming to provide a reference for healthcare professionals to conduct intervention studies.