Objective To understand the influencing factors of chronic dyslipidemia in T2DM patients who signed a contract for diabetes point system management in Qingpu District, and to provide a basis for comprehensive intervention and prevention and control of dyslipidemia in T2DM patients and to optimize the management strategy of Qingpu District diabetes point system. Methods Among the T2DM patients who signed the diabetes point system from 2017 to 2023, patients with chronic dyslipidemia and normal blood lipids were selected and included in the case group and the control group, respectively. A case-control study was conducted with 1:1 matching by age and gender to analyze the factors influencing dyslipidemia. Results Multifactorial paired logistic regression analysis showed that overweight/obesity and central obesity and smoking in T2DM patients increased the risk of dyslipidemia by 1.93, 2.27, and 2.16 times, respectively. Long-term use of lipid-lowering drugs, duration of diabetes for 5 years or more, regular physical exercise, knowledge of blood lipid status, and married status could reduce the risk of dyslipidemia in T2DM patients (OR values were 0.547, 0.452, 0.685, 0.386 and 0.354, respectively). Current complications (history of stroke, coronary heart disease, and renal insufficiency) were also associated with dyslipidemia (OR=1.802, 95% CI:1.125-2.888). Conclusion The management of diabetes point system in Qingpu District should strengthen the feedback and interpretation of blood lipid monitoring results, improve patients’ health awareness of blood lipid management, and actively take comprehensive management of lifestyle intervention and drug treatment to effectively control blood lipid and reduce the occurrence of related complications.

Objective: To explore the effect of different obesity indicators in predicting cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases (CVD) risk among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), so as to provide the evidence for the early identification of CVD risk among T2DM patients. Methods: The patients with T2DM under community management in Qingpu District, Shanghai Municipality were selected as the study subjects in January 2025. Basic information such as gender, age, and blood glucose control status were collected through the Shanghai Chronic Disease Information Management System, while history of CVD were obtained from residents' electronic health records and the Shanghai Disease Control Information Platform. Obesity was assessed using body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), BMI combined with WC, waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), and triglyceride (TG) combined with WC indicators. The association between obesity and CVD was analyzed using multivariable logistic regression models. The predictive effect of each obesity indicators for CVD was evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). Results: A total of 4 367 patients with T2DM were included, including 2 121 males (48.57%) and 2 246 females (51.43%). The average age was (68.71±8.05) years. The prevalence of CVD was 44.49%. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that after adjusting for age, education level, history of hypertension, duration of T2DM, use of glucose-lowering medications, renal function, and blood glucose control status, obese T2DM patients had a 389.4% increased risk of CVD compared to those with normal BMI; centrally obese T2DM patients had a 100.4% increased risk compared to those with normal WC; T2DM patients with isolated general obesity and compound obesity had 161.0% and 241.1% increased risks of CVD, respectively, compared to those with normal BMI and WC; centrally obese T2DM patients had a 100.4% increased risk compared to those with normal WHtR; T2DM patients with normal TG-high WC and high TG-high WC phenotypes had 83.1% and 68.8% increased risks of CVD, respectively, compared to those with normal TG and normal WC (all P<0.05). BMI had the highest AUC, at 0.714, with sensitivity and specificity of 0.675 and 0.642, respectively. This was followed by BMI combined with WC, which had an AUC of 0.707, with sensitivity and specificity of 0.635 and 0.679, respectively. Conclusions Obesity defined by BMI, WC, BMI combined with WC, WHtR, and TG combined with WC increases the risk of CVD among patients with T2DM. BMI and BMI combined with WC have better predictive effect in predicting CVD risk among patients with T2DM, and can be used as the primary obesity indicators for CVD risk screening.

Objective To analyze the results of three nucleic acid detection for Mycoplasma pneumoniae(MP)in children,and explore the epidemiological characteristics of MP infection as well as the features of dif-ferent MP nucleic acid detection methods.Methods A total of 8 575 children who visited the hospital from 2018 to 2023 and had results from three different MP nucleic acid detection methods were enrolled as study subjects.The differences in positive detection rates across different years,genders,and ages,as well as the differences and consistency in positive detection rates among the different MP nucleic acid detection methods,were analyzed.Results The positive detection rate of MP in 2020 and 2021 was lower than that in 2018,2019,2022,and 2023(P＜0.001).The positive detection rate of MP in male patients was lower than that in female patients(P＜0.05).The highest positive detection rate of MP was observed in aged 6 to＜12 years,followed by aged 12 to＜18 years and aged 3 to＜6 years,while the lowest rate was found in aged 0 to＜3 years,with a statistically significant difference(P＜0.001).The MP DNA fluorescent PCR method had the highest posi-tive detection rate(23.15％),followed by the MP RNA isothermal amplification method(12.82％),and the MP RNA dual amplification method had the lowest positive detection rate(11.67％),the differences were sta-tistically significant(P＜0.001).The consistency between MP DNA fluorescent PCR method and MP RNA i-sothermal amplification method was relatively the best(Kappa=0.597,P＜0.001),followed by MP RNA i-sothermal amplification method and MP RNA dual amplification method(Kappa=0.564,P＜0.001),the consistency between MP DNA fluorescence PCR and MP RNA double amplification was the worst(Kappa=0.466,P＜0.001).Conclusion The positive rate of MP decreased significantly in 2020 and 2021,and the posi-tive rate of MP was the highest in 6 to＜12 years old.There were significant differences in the positive rate of MP among different nucleic acid detection methods.

Objective To understand the characteristics and temporal trends of stroke incidence in the household population of Shanghai's Qingpu District and to provide a basis for the development of comprehensive prevention and control strategies. Methods The stroke case database for Qingpu District from 2017-2022 was obtained from the Shanghai Stroke and Acute Myocardial Infarction Registry and Reporting Information System. The average age of onset, incidence rate, standardised incidence rate, and constitutive ratio were calculated. Independent samples t-tests were used for comparisons between groups, 2-tests and 2-trend tests for comparisons of rates, and the Joinpoint regression model for calculating the annual percentage change (APC) to analyse the temporal trend of rates. Results Between 2017 and 2022, the average age of stroke onset in the household population of Shanghai's Qingpu District was 73.69±11.60 years. The average annual incidence rate was 556.62/100 000, with an average annual standardised incidence rate of 333.76/100000. There was an increasing trend in the incidence and standardised incidence of stroke in males (APC=7.06%, t=3.44, P=0.03, APC=5.32%, t=3.04, P=0.04). The incidence of stroke increases with age, with cases mainly concentrated in those aged 65 years and above, accounting for 79.47%. Ischemic stroke dominates the stroke typology, accounting for 91.08% of cases, while the incidence of hemorrhagic stroke shows an increasing trend (APC=4.64%, t=4.59, P=0.01). Conclusion The occurrence of stroke in the general population of Shanghai’s Qingpu District is concerning. The study indicates that males, individuals aged 65 years and above, and ischaemic stroke are significant factors that require attention for stroke prevention and control.

Objective To observe the impact of age and menstrual status on semi-quantitative parameters of breast dynamic enhanced MRI(DCE-MRI)in healthy adult women.Methods A total of 283 adult females who underwent MR examinations due to suspected breast mass or breast discomfort but no breast tumor was detected after 1 year's clinical follow-up were retrospectively collected.Meanwhile,49 healthy adult female subjects in the menstrual period(menstruating subgroup)were prospectively recruited.All the above 332 subjects were divided into low age group(n=107),middle age group(n=114)and high age group(n=111)according to age,while into postmenopausal group(n=112)and premenopausal group(n=220,including 49 in menstruating subgroup,77 in proliferating subgroup and 94 in secreting subgroup).DCE-MRI semi-quantitative parameters,including maximum enhancement rate(ERmax)and maximum slope of increasing(Slopemax)were compared among different groups and subgroups,and the variations were observed.Results Significant differences of ERmax and Slopemax were found between high and low age groups(both P＜0.05),while no significant difference of ERmax and Slopemax was found between middle and low age group,nor between middle and high age group(all P＞0.05).Both ERmax and Slopemax in postmenopausal group were lower than those in premenopausal group(both P＜0.05),while no significant difference of DCE-MRI semi-quantitative parameters was found among different menstrual cycle subgroups(all P＞0.05).The coefficient of variance(CV)of normal breast ERmax in low,middle and high age groups was 56.20％,44.02％and 50.97％,respectively,of Slopemax was 54.74％,81.78％and 76.93％,respectively.CV of normal breast ERmax was 50.12％and 46.02％in postmenopausal and premenopausal groups,respectively,while CV of Slopemax was 72.84％and 62.04％,respectively.Among different subgroups,CV of ERmax and Slopemax in proliferative period were both the largest(61.39％,82.54％),which in menstrual period were both the smallest(33.99％,42.33％).Conclusion Semi-quantitative parameters of breast DCE-MRI were different among healthy women of different age and menstrual status,and the individual variations were large.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of ozone injection therapy for lumbar disc hemiation(LDH).Methods A computerized retrieval of academic papers concerning the randomized controlled trial(RCT)on ozone injection therapy for LDH from the databases of Embase,PubMed,Cochrane library and Web of science was conducted.The retrieval time period was from the establishment of the database to February 2023.The literature retrieval,screening,and data extraction were independently performed by two researchers.Cochrane bias risk assessment tool was used to assess the quality of the included literature.Stata 17.0 software was used to make meta-analysis.Results A total of 9 RCTs including 702 patients were finally included in this study.The results of meta-analysis showed that compared with radiofrequency thermocoagulation,percutaneous rotation and other treatments for LDH,the combination use of ozone injection could signifiicantly improve the effective rate based on Macnab efficacy evaluation criteria(RR=1.097,95％CI:1.038～1.159,P=0.001)and the excellent rate(RR=1.185～95％CI:1.074～1.309,P=0.001),and decrease the visual analog scale(VAS)pain score(WMD=-0.810～95％CI:-1.205～-0.414,P=0.000),and the differences in the above indexes were statistically significant.Conclusion Compared with the simple use of radiofrequency thermocoagulation,percutaneous rotation,and other treatment for LDH,the combination use of ozone injection therapy can significantly improve the effective rate and excellent rate based on Macnab efficacy evaluation criteria,decrease VAS score,with a high clinical safety.Limited by the quantity and quality of the original studies included in this study,the above conclusions need to be further verified by multi-center,large-sample and high-quality studies.

The imbalance of microbiota is related to various diseases in the human body,and the gut,as the largest microbial habitat in the human body,is closely related to the oral microbial environment.The oral microbiota can migrate to the intestinal mucosa with the digestive system.At the same time,microbial transmission from the gut to the mouth can also occur through interpersonal and com-munity transmission.Microbial transmission between the mouth and intestines can shape or reshape the microbial ecosystem in the two habitats,ultimately regulating the pathogenesis of the disease.The dysbiosis of the oral-gut microbiota axis can have a significant impact on related diseases such as respiratory diseases.This article reviews the research status of the relationship between oral-gut microbes and respiratory diseases.

【Objective】 To explore the relationship of graduate students’ psychological stress and perceived stress with their mental health, and analyze the mediating effect of perceived stress. 【Methods】 We investigated 705 graduate students by Chinese College Student Mental Health Scale (CCSMHS), Chinese College Student Psychological Stress Scale (CCSPSS), and Perceived Stress Scale-10 (PSS). Correlation and structural equation model analysis was made. 【Results】 The graduate students’ psychological stress and perceived stress had significant correlation with their mental health. SEM analysis showed that perceived stress served as a partial mediation variable between psychological stress and mental health. Psychological stress had direct effects (0.216) for mental health and indirect effects (0.126) through perceived stress. 【Conclusion】 Graduate students’ psychological stress can influence their mental health directly, and can also reduce mental health level by increasing perceived stress. Perceived stress has partial mediating effect between psychological stress and mental health.

ObjectiveTo understand the incidence and change trend of thyroid cancer in Qingpu District， Shanghai from 2007 to 2016， and to provide a reference for formulating relevant prevention and treatment strategies. MethodsThe incidence data of thyroid cancer among residents in Qingpu District from 2007 to 2016 were collected using the Shanghai Malignant Tumor Registration System， and the crude incidence rate was calculated for different gender and age groups. The age-standardized incidence rate was calculated using the world standard population， and the annual percentage change （APC） was calculated using Joinpoint software to analyze the time trend of the incidence of thyroid cancer. ResultsThe incidence of thyroid cancer changed from 8.97/10⁵ in 2007 to 52.02/10⁵ in 2016， with an increase of 479.93% （APC=23.60， P<0.05）. The standardized incidence rate of thyroid cancer in men and women was 11.21/10⁵ and 32.11/10⁵， respectively， Male to female incidence ratio was 1∶3. Thyroid cancer in Qingpu District was mainly concentrated in the 25‒64 age group， accounting for 88.03% of the total incidence. ConclusionFrom 2007 to 2016， the incidence of thyroid cancer in Qingpu District， Shanghai has a significant upward trend. The age of high incidence tends to be younger and the incidence of women is significantly higher than that of men. Corresponding prevention and treatment measures should be formulated in consideration of the discovered incidence characteristics.

Objective:To analyze the influenza vaccination status of chronic disease management patients in Qingpu district of Shanghai and the vaccination characteristics of different characteristic populations, so as to provide scientific basis for improving the influenza vaccination rate of chronic disease patients in the community.Methods:By comparing the data of Shanghai chronic disease management information system, immunization planning information system and medical association platform, 89 453 subjects who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria in Qingpu district were selected as the research objects. The vaccination coverage rate of the study subjects was calculated according to gender, age group, urban and rural distribution, occupation, chronic disease type and quantity, and the vaccination coverage rate of different subgroups was compared to analyze the influencing factors of vaccination coverage rate.Results:Most of the 89 453 patients with chronic diseases were 60 years old and above (71.93%). Patients with hypertension, diabetes, chronic obstructive pulmoriary disease (COPD) and three chronic diseases accounted for 87.12%, 28.67%, 8.71% and 1.83%, respectively. Influenza vaccination coverage in the 2016/2017 flu season was low, at 0.32%. Influenza vaccination coverage rate of women (0.37%) was higher than that of men (0.27%), which was 1.41 times respectively(95% CI: 1.16, 1.72) that of men patients. The coverage rate of influenza vaccination for the 70-79 year-old group was the highest (0.74%), which was 1.74 times respectively(95% CI: 1.39, 2.19) that of 60-69 year-old patients. The vaccination coverage rate of government departments and institutions was the highest (1.14%), which was 12.58 times respectively(95% CI: 4.52, 34.99) that of retirees. The vaccination rate of COPD patients (3.68%) was 2.50 times (95% CI: 1.66, 3.77) higher than that of patients without COPD.Conclusions:Influenza vaccination rate for chronic disease management patients in Qingpu district of Shanghai is low. Gender, occupation, age and types of chronic diseases are the influencing factors. Patients with chronic disease management should be included in the priority vaccination targets for influenza vaccines, and vaccination intervention for occupational chronic diseases such as non-retired agriculture and forestry patients, especially male patients, should be strengthened to improve influenza vaccination coverage rate.