BACKGROUND:With the development of the concept of minimally invasive surgery,lumbar posterior dynamic internal fixation has become the mainstream operation for the treatment of diseases caused by intervertebral disc degeneration.OBJECTIVE:To review the latest progress of lumbar posterior dynamic internal fixation in the treatment of lumbar degenerative diseases and postoperative intervertebral disc rehydration.METHODS:The relevant literature published in CNKI,WanFang,and PubMed databases from 2010 to 2025 was searched with the Chinese and English search terms"lumbar spine,dynamic internal fixation,intervertebral disc degeneration,Coflex system,Dynesys system,In-space system,PercuDyn system,intervertebral disc rehydration,crushing stress."By reading the articles,we eliminated the literature with little relevance to the article topic,poor quality and outdated content,and finally 65 articles were included for summary.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Although the main surgical method for the treatment of disc degeneration is still the traditional open surgical method of implantation,posterior lumbar dynamic internal fixation has made great progress.(2)Posterior lumbar dynamic fixation can be divided into open dynamic fixation system and percutaneous dynamic fixation system.Each system can be divided into interspinous dynamic internal fixation system and pedicle dynamic internal fixation system according to the different fixation positions.According to the design of specific instruments and the differences of operation methods in the surgery,different operation methods have been derived.At present,the focus of research at home and abroad is on open dynamic internal fixation system.(3)Under the premise that the clinical effect of posterior lumbar dynamic internal fixation is better than that of traditional interbody fusion surgery,it can cause the rehydration phenomenon of postoperative lumbar intervertebral disc,and further improve the long-term postoperative efficacy of patients.

BACKGROUND:With the development of the concept of minimally invasive surgery,lumbar posterior dynamic internal fixation has become the mainstream operation for the treatment of diseases caused by intervertebral disc degeneration.OBJECTIVE:To review the latest progress of lumbar posterior dynamic internal fixation in the treatment of lumbar degenerative diseases and postoperative intervertebral disc rehydration.METHODS:The relevant literature published in CNKI,WanFang,and PubMed databases from 2010 to 2025 was searched with the Chinese and English search terms"lumbar spine,dynamic internal fixation,intervertebral disc degeneration,Coflex system,Dynesys system,In-space system,PercuDyn system,intervertebral disc rehydration,crushing stress."By reading the articles,we eliminated the literature with little relevance to the article topic,poor quality and outdated content,and finally 65 articles were included for summary.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Although the main surgical method for the treatment of disc degeneration is still the traditional open surgical method of implantation,posterior lumbar dynamic internal fixation has made great progress.(2)Posterior lumbar dynamic fixation can be divided into open dynamic fixation system and percutaneous dynamic fixation system.Each system can be divided into interspinous dynamic internal fixation system and pedicle dynamic internal fixation system according to the different fixation positions.According to the design of specific instruments and the differences of operation methods in the surgery,different operation methods have been derived.At present,the focus of research at home and abroad is on open dynamic internal fixation system.(3)Under the premise that the clinical effect of posterior lumbar dynamic internal fixation is better than that of traditional interbody fusion surgery,it can cause the rehydration phenomenon of postoperative lumbar intervertebral disc,and further improve the long-term postoperative efficacy of patients.

Objective:To investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of the triplet regimen of flumatinib, venetoclax (VEN) and azacitidine (AZA) for Philadelphia chromosome-positive (Ph +) mixed-phenotype acute leukemia (MPAL). Methods:The clinical data of 2 Ph + MPAL patients treated with triplet regimen of flumatinib, VEN and AZA who were admitted to the Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College in February and March 2023 were retrospectively analyzed, and the relevant literature was reviewed. Results:Patient 1 was a 56-year-old female, and patient 2 was a 59-year-old male. Both patients were diagnosed with Ph + B cell/myeloid (B/My) MPAL. After the first course of induction chemotherapy with the triplet regimen, patient 1 achieved hematological complete remission (HCR), complete cytogenetic remission (CCyR) and major molecular response (MMR), and patient 2 achieved HCR and CCyR. During the entire treatment process, the adverse reactions of two patients were mainly fever and ≥ grade 3 hematological adverse reactions, which were relieved after the use of antibiotics and intermittent infusion of blood products. When the patient achieved HCR and received consolidation treatment with the same regimen, the adverse reactions were mild. Conclusions:The triplet regimen of flumatinib, VEN and AZA is safe and effective for the treatment of Ph + MPAL, and is a new induction therapy option for such patients.

Objective To construct a model that can predict the risk of diagnosing ABO-blood group sys-tem hemolytic disease of the newborn(ABO-HDN)and to verify its effectiveness.Methods A total of 446 children with neonatal hyperbilirubinemia who met the inclusion criteria and were first diagnosed in this hos-pital from January 2022 to March 2023 were selected as the modeling group,and were divided into the develo-ping group(200 cases)and the non-developing group(246 cases)according to whether ABO-HDN was diag-nosed.Totally 17 potential influencing factors were included for univariate analysis and multi-factor analysis,and independent risk factors were included in R software to establish a Nomogram model to predict the risk of ABO-HDN.Another 105 cases of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia in the hospital from April to September 2023 were selected as the verification group.Results In the modeling group,Logistic regression analysis showed that maternal pregnancy number,prenatal serum titer,hemoglobin level,white blood cell count,creatine ki-nase level and neonatal Apgar 1 min score were all independent risk factors for ABO-HDN(P＜0.05).Multi-variate Logistic regression analysis showed that the area under receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve of the modeling group was 0.819(95％CI:0.779-0.859),sensitivity was 0.655,specificity was 0.878.In the verification group,the area under ROC curve was 0.867(95％CI:0.800-0.933),the sensitivity was 0.803,and the specificity was 0.773.Conclusion The established predictive model scoring system can effec-tively predict the risk of ABO-HDN.

Both the incidence and mortality of primary liver cancer in China rank first globally. Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) is valued for its ability to significantly enhance the irradiation precision of target volumes while reducing the radiation doses to surrounding normal tissues. Respiratory motion management represents a critical SBRT technology. Meanwhile, abdominal compression has been extensively applied as a critical approach to respiratory motion management thanks to its convenient operation and high applicability. Furthermore, applying abdominal compression to the liver can effectively reduce the extent of motion of the gross target volumes, thus reducing the expanding ranges of the internal target volumes (ITVs). This further contributes to increased radiation dose to target volumes and decreased radiation dose to surrounding normal tissues. Focusing on respiratory motion management for the liver, the application of abdominal compression, improvements in abdominal compression devices, and method for assessing the abdominal compression effects, this study presents a review of advances in research on the application of abdominal compression in SBRT for liver cancer, aiming to provide a valuable reference for clinical practice.

Objective To enhance the efficiency and accuracy of post-marketing safety monitoring and evaluation of drugs in China by studying large language models-based patient medical record pharmacovigilance profiling techniques,providing scientific methods and technical support to ensure the safe use of drugs for patients.Methods This study constructs a pharmacovigilance profile that includes individual patient differences,medication details,and adverse reaction manifestations.It enhances a large language model with a knowledge graph in the field of pharmacovigilance and designs targeted prompts to guide the model to output pharmacovigilance profiles.Results Large language models demonstrate significant advantages in active monitoring,effectively processing and analyzing medical text data,and improving the monitoring and prediction capabilities of drug adverse reactions.Through the design of prompts,the model can more accurately depict patient pharmacovigilance profiles,providing decision support for medical professionals.Conclusions The study of large language model-based patient medical record pharmacovigilance profiling technology provides scientific evidence and technical support for the early detection and prevention of drug adverse reactions,helping to reduce medical costs,improve medical outcome prognoses,and opens new paths to ensure patient drug safety.

Dry eye disease (DED) is a prevalent and intractable ocular disease induced by a variety of causes. Elevated sphingomyelin (SM) levels and pro-inflammatory cytokines were detected on the ocular surface of DED patients, particularly in the meibomian glands. Sphingomyelin synthase 2 (SMS2), one of the proteins involved in SM synthesis, would light a novel way of developing a DED therapy strategy. Herein, we report the design and optimization of a series of novel thiophene carboxamide derivatives to afford 14l with an improved highly potent inhibitory activity on SM synthesis (IC_{50, SMS2} = 28 nmol/L). Moreover, 14l exhibited a notable protective effect of anti-inflammation and anti-apoptosis on human corneal epithelial cells (HCEC) under TNF-α-hyperosmotic stress conditions in vitro, with an acceptable ocular specific distribution (corneas and meibomian glands) and pharmacokinetics (PK) profiles (t _{1/2, cornea} = 1.11 h; t _{1/2, meibomian glands} = 4.32 h) in rats. Furthermore, 14l alleviated the dry eye symptoms including corneal fluorescein staining scores and tear secretion in a dose-dependent manner in mice. Mechanically, 14l reduced the mRNA expression of Tnf-α, Il-1β and Mmp-9 in corneas, as well as the proportion of very long chain SM in meibomian glands. Our findings provide a new strategy for DED therapy based on selective SMS2 inhibitors.

Objective:To assess the feasibility and security the orientation of foreign bodies using a portable X-ray machine in computer-aided navigation surgery.Methods:A model with a metallic foreign body was constructed.Under the fluoroscopy of a portable X-ray machine,4 points on 2 straight lines passing through the tip of the foreign body were recorded by the navigation e-quipment,and subsequently,the midpoints of the common perpendicular segments of the 2 lines were calculated as the coordinates of the foreign body(Bilinear Method).2 operators measured the coordinates of the foreign body 10 times and compared the measured coordinates of the foreign body with the actual coordinates of the foreign body in order to analyze the accuracy of the Bilinear Method.Radiation doses to model area and operators at different locations were measured using ionizing radiation detectors.Results:The ac-curacy of the Bilinear Method for measuring foreign body coordinates was(1.98±0.77)mm,and that of the 2 operators was 1.55±0.68 and 2.40±0.36 respectively(P=0.02).The radiation dose was(221.45±50.15)μSv in the model and(4.44±1.35)μSv in the operator's chest.Conclusion:The accuracy of the coordinates of the foreign body intraoperation measured by Bilinear Method meets general clinical needs,and different operators may produce different accuracy.The radiation dose is small.

Both the incidence and mortality of primary liver cancer in China rank first globally. Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) is valued for its ability to significantly enhance the irradiation precision of target volumes while reducing the radiation doses to surrounding normal tissues. Respiratory motion management represents a critical SBRT technology. Meanwhile, abdominal compression has been extensively applied as a critical approach to respiratory motion management thanks to its convenient operation and high applicability. Furthermore, applying abdominal compression to the liver can effectively reduce the extent of motion of the gross target volumes, thus reducing the expanding ranges of the internal target volumes (ITVs). This further contributes to increased radiation dose to target volumes and decreased radiation dose to surrounding normal tissues. Focusing on respiratory motion management for the liver, the application of abdominal compression, improvements in abdominal compression devices, and method for assessing the abdominal compression effects, this study presents a review of advances in research on the application of abdominal compression in SBRT for liver cancer, aiming to provide a valuable reference for clinical practice.

Objective To enhance the efficiency and accuracy of post-marketing safety monitoring and evaluation of drugs in China by studying large language models-based patient medical record pharmacovigilance profiling techniques,providing scientific methods and technical support to ensure the safe use of drugs for patients.Methods This study constructs a pharmacovigilance profile that includes individual patient differences,medication details,and adverse reaction manifestations.It enhances a large language model with a knowledge graph in the field of pharmacovigilance and designs targeted prompts to guide the model to output pharmacovigilance profiles.Results Large language models demonstrate significant advantages in active monitoring,effectively processing and analyzing medical text data,and improving the monitoring and prediction capabilities of drug adverse reactions.Through the design of prompts,the model can more accurately depict patient pharmacovigilance profiles,providing decision support for medical professionals.Conclusions The study of large language model-based patient medical record pharmacovigilance profiling technology provides scientific evidence and technical support for the early detection and prevention of drug adverse reactions,helping to reduce medical costs,improve medical outcome prognoses,and opens new paths to ensure patient drug safety.