Objective:To build an experimental curriculum system of Oral Preventive Medicine with the goal of improving the job competence of oral medical students.Methods:By establishing knowledge modules, adjusting the experimental content, integrating teaching methods, and improving the comprehensive assessment system of teaching, the teaching reform is carried out in the experimental teaching of Oral Preventive Medicine for undergraduates from 2016 to 2017 in the Department of Stomatology at Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University.Results:The experimental curriculum system and teaching evaluation system of Oral Preventive Medicine with the goal of improving the job competence of medical students have been established. Cultivate students' independent learning ability and innovative and practical spirit, guide undergraduates to participate in social services, enhance the sense of social responsibility, and integrate theoretical education, ability training and quality education.Conclusions:Explore the new model of experimental oral medicine teaching, initially build the experimental curriculum system of Oral Preventive Medicine with the goal of job competence, promote the transformation of undergraduate teaching concept, deepen the connotation of teaching, and improve the depth and breadth of the teaching of Oral Preventive Medicine.

BACKGROUND:Long noncoding RNA TP53TG1(lncRNA TP53TG1)is involved in regulating the proliferation,migration,invasion,and apoptosis of various cancer cells,but there are few reports on its role in other cells.OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects and pathways of lncRNA TP53TG1 on the proliferation and differentiation of human stem cells from the apical papilla.METHODS:Human stem cells from the apical papilla were isolated and cultured,and then transfected with lncRNA TP53TG1 overexpression lentivirus.RT-qPCR was used to detect the overexpression efficiency of lncRNA TP53TG1.Western blot assay was used to detect the relative expression levels of PI3K,AKT,ERK,P38,Smad3,and their phosphorylated proteins.Human stem cells from the apical papilla were divided into the empty lentiviral vector transfection group and the lncRNA TP53TG1 overexpression group.CCK-8 assay was used to measure the cell proliferation.Alkaline phosphatase activity was detected by alkaline phosphatase staining on day 5 of osteogenic induction.Formation of mineralized nodules was detected by alizarin red staining on day 21 of osteogenic induction.RT-qPCR was used to detect the mRNA expression levels of dentin sialophosphoprotein,Runt-related transcription factor 2,dentin matrix protein 1,and bone sialoprotein on days 3,7,and 14 of osteogenic induction.Western blot assay was used to detect the protein expression levels of dentin sialophosphoprotein and Runt-related transcription factor 2 on days 3,7,and 14 of osteogenic induction.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)RT-qPCR results showed that the lentivirus was successfully integrated into the genome of stem cells from the apical papilla.Western blot assay results showed that overexpression of lncRNA TP53TG1 up-regulated the protein levels of p-PI3K and p-AKT without affecting the expression of phosphorylated proteins in other pathways.(2)Starting from day 3 of cell culture,overexpression of lncRNA TP53TG1 significantly promoted the proliferation of stem cells from the apical papilla.(3)In the process of inducing odontogenic differentiation of stem cells from the apical papilla,overexpression of lncRNA TP53TG1 promoted the expression of odontogenic and osteogenic differentiation-related genes and proteins,significantly increased alkaline phosphatase activity and mineralized nodule formation.(4)The results show that lncRNA TP53TG1 may promote the odontogenic and osteogenic differentiation of stem cells from the apical papilla by activating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.

BACKGROUND:Long noncoding RNA TP53TG1(lncRNA TP53TG1)is involved in regulating the proliferation,migration,invasion,and apoptosis of various cancer cells,but there are few reports on its role in other cells.OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects and pathways of lncRNA TP53TG1 on the proliferation and differentiation of human stem cells from the apical papilla.METHODS:Human stem cells from the apical papilla were isolated and cultured,and then transfected with lncRNA TP53TG1 overexpression lentivirus.RT-qPCR was used to detect the overexpression efficiency of lncRNA TP53TG1.Western blot assay was used to detect the relative expression levels of PI3K,AKT,ERK,P38,Smad3,and their phosphorylated proteins.Human stem cells from the apical papilla were divided into the empty lentiviral vector transfection group and the lncRNA TP53TG1 overexpression group.CCK-8 assay was used to measure the cell proliferation.Alkaline phosphatase activity was detected by alkaline phosphatase staining on day 5 of osteogenic induction.Formation of mineralized nodules was detected by alizarin red staining on day 21 of osteogenic induction.RT-qPCR was used to detect the mRNA expression levels of dentin sialophosphoprotein,Runt-related transcription factor 2,dentin matrix protein 1,and bone sialoprotein on days 3,7,and 14 of osteogenic induction.Western blot assay was used to detect the protein expression levels of dentin sialophosphoprotein and Runt-related transcription factor 2 on days 3,7,and 14 of osteogenic induction.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)RT-qPCR results showed that the lentivirus was successfully integrated into the genome of stem cells from the apical papilla.Western blot assay results showed that overexpression of lncRNA TP53TG1 up-regulated the protein levels of p-PI3K and p-AKT without affecting the expression of phosphorylated proteins in other pathways.(2)Starting from day 3 of cell culture,overexpression of lncRNA TP53TG1 significantly promoted the proliferation of stem cells from the apical papilla.(3)In the process of inducing odontogenic differentiation of stem cells from the apical papilla,overexpression of lncRNA TP53TG1 promoted the expression of odontogenic and osteogenic differentiation-related genes and proteins,significantly increased alkaline phosphatase activity and mineralized nodule formation.(4)The results show that lncRNA TP53TG1 may promote the odontogenic and osteogenic differentiation of stem cells from the apical papilla by activating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.

Objective:This study aims to initially establish a scoring system for comprehensively reflecting the severity of intracranial atherosclerotic lesions and to explore the correlation between this score and atherosclerotic risk factors as well as stroke events.Methods:This study retrospectively analyzed patients who underwent head and neck computer tomography angiography(CTA)examinations and had head MRI examinations within one month before or after the CTA examination from January 2021 to August 2024 in Beijing Hospital.An intracranial atherosclerosis disease score(ICADS)system was constructed based on the degree and number of vascular stenosis.The relationship between ICADS and atherosclerotic risk factors was explored by grouping patients according to the quartile of ICADS.Patients were divided into acute stroke group and non-acute stroke group to compare differences in ICADS and cerebrovascular disease risk factors between the two groups, and to investigate the correlation between stroke events and ICADS.Results:There were statistically significant differences in the proportions of patients with hypertension and diabetes among different ICADS groups.Multiple linear regression analysis showed that hypertension( B=1.17, 95% CI: 0.20-2.14, P<0.05)and diabetes( B=2.75, 95% CI: 1.85-3.64, P<0.001)were risk factors for higher ICADS.The ICADS was higher in the acute stroke group than in the non-acute stroke group(9 vs.6, P<0.001), and a higher ICADS was identified as a risk factor for stroke( OR=1.10, 95% CI: 1.07-1.14, P<0.001). Conclusions:ICADS can comprehensively reflect the severity of intracranial atherosclerotic lesions and is correlated with stroke events, making it useful for clinical screening of high-risk patients for stroke.

Objective:To build an experimental curriculum system of Oral Preventive Medicine with the goal of improving the job competence of oral medical students.Methods:By establishing knowledge modules, adjusting the experimental content, integrating teaching methods, and improving the comprehensive assessment system of teaching, the teaching reform is carried out in the experimental teaching of Oral Preventive Medicine for undergraduates from 2016 to 2017 in the Department of Stomatology at Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University.Results:The experimental curriculum system and teaching evaluation system of Oral Preventive Medicine with the goal of improving the job competence of medical students have been established. Cultivate students' independent learning ability and innovative and practical spirit, guide undergraduates to participate in social services, enhance the sense of social responsibility, and integrate theoretical education, ability training and quality education.Conclusions:Explore the new model of experimental oral medicine teaching, initially build the experimental curriculum system of Oral Preventive Medicine with the goal of job competence, promote the transformation of undergraduate teaching concept, deepen the connotation of teaching, and improve the depth and breadth of the teaching of Oral Preventive Medicine.

Brain age prediction is of great significance to the in-depth understanding of individual neurodevelopment,early diagnosis of neuropsychiatric disorders,and formulation of personalized treatment plans. With the continuous advancement of deep learning,more and more researches focus on using such algorithms to predict brain age. Compared with traditional regression algorithms,deep learning which has the advantages of complex pattern learning,end-to-end learning and high adaptability can more accurately reveal the neuropathological mechanisms of neuropsychiatric disorders,and provide more precise tools for clinical assessment,assisted diagnosis and prognosis prediction. Herein the study reviews the recent advances in the application of deep learning algorithms in brain age prediction,introduces the achievements in deep learning model optimization,multimodal data inputs and interpretability studies for brain age prediction,discusses the methods for the establishment of integrated deep learning architectures and the future challenges of developing unified benchmarking,and provides an outlook on the application of deep learning in brain age prediction.

Objective:To investigate the current status of postoperative Day 1 ambulation in patients undergoing posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) surgery under an enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocol, analyze the influencing factors of successful ambulation on postoperative Day 1, and explore the impact of early ambulation on postoperative recovery.Methods:Data from 397 patients who underwent PLIF surgery at Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, from September 2023 to July 2024 were retrospectively collected. Patients were divided into two groups based on whether they successfully ambulated on postoperative Day 1: the successful ambulation on Day 1 group and the delayed ambulation group. Binary Logistic regression was used to analyze the factors influencing successful ambulation on postoperative Day 1. Postoperative recovery indicators, including catheter removal time, hospital length of stay, drainage volume on postoperative Day 3, and pain scores for the low back and legs, were compared between the two groups.Results:A total of 378 patients were included in the analysis. Among them, 316 patients (83.6%) successfully ambulated on postoperative Day 1, while 62 patients (16.4%) had delayed ambulation. Logistic regression analysis indicated that postoperative Day 1 hemoglobin classification and pre-ambulation low back pain score in the supine position were independent factors influencing successful ambulation on Day 1 ( P<0.05). The successful ambulation group had a shorter catheter removal time and hospital stay compared to the delayed ambulation group, with statistically significant differences ( P<0.05). There were no significant differences between the two groups in postoperative drainage volume, low back pain scores, leg pain scores, or Oswestry Disability Index scores before discharge (all P>0.05) . Conclusions:Postoperative Day 1 hemoglobin levels and pre-ambulation low back pain scores are independent factors influencing the success of ambulation on postoperative Day 1 in patients undergoing PLIF surgery. Early ambulation on postoperative Day 1 helps reduce catheter removal time and length of hospital stay without increasing postoperative drainage or pain levels.

In the field of oral medicine, 3D-printed individualized titanium mesh technology is gradually becoming an important means for the treatment of severe alveolar bone defect augmentation. This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the advantages of this technology, the evaluation of osteogenic effects, and the progress of research in clinical applications. In response to the current issue of variability in bone augmentation outcomes, this paper delves into multiple factors affecting bone augmentation effects, including individualized titanium mesh design (involving the thickness, pore size, pore shape, porosity, contour shape, selection of titanium alloy materials, and 3D printing technology), intraoperative procedures (the accuracy of placement during 3D-printed individualized titanium mesh surgery), and postoperative care (including the prevention of complications, formation of pseudoperiosteum, and stability of the titanium mesh). By integrating the clinical experience and research findings of our team, we propose a series of targeted optimization strategies, including designing, manufacturing, and clinically applying self-positioning individualized titanium meshs (positioning wings + individualized titanium meshs) to improve the positioning accuracy of the titanium mesh; propose individualized treatment processes and titanium mesh design schemes based on specific conditions of alveolar bone defects and soft tissue status; and emphasize the importance of long-term stable fixation of the titanium mesh to reduce the risk of postoperative mesh loosening and displacement. In addition, we appropriately summarize the evaluation methods for the bone augmentation effects of 3D-printed individualized titanium meshes, covering the following key indicators: (1) vertical bone augmentation and horizontal bone augmentation; (2) changes in bone contour morphology; (3) bone volume increase; (4) clinical indicators (surgical success rate, titanium mesh exposure, infection rate, and postoperative recovery); (5) aesthetic effect evaluation; (6) long-term stability; (7) radiological assessment; (8) patient satisfaction; and (9) precision of surgical operation, aiming to assist doctors in comprehensively assessing and in-depth analyzing the surgical outcomes to achieve the best therapeutic effects. The purpose of this article is to provide a reference for the optimization and clinical application of 3D-printed individualized titanium mesh technology and to lay a theoretical foundation for achieving the best osteogenic effects.

ObjectiveTo establish a rapid analytical method for identifying the differential components in Poria cocos medicinal materials based on ultra performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-electrostatic field orbital trap high-resolution mass spectrometry（UPLC-Q-Orbitrap-MS）， combined with mass defect filtering（MDF） and molecular network integration techniques. MethodsUPLC-Q-Orbitrap-MS was used for MS data acquisition and identification of P. cocos medicinal materials， with the help of MDF for the study of cleavage behavior and structural identification of triterpenoids. According to the similarity of MS/MS fragmentation patterns of each component， global natural product social molecular network（GNPS） was established， and Cytoscape 3.6.1 was used to screen molecular clusters with similar structures and the the structure of main compound classes were identified and confirmed. Multivariate statistical analyses such as principal component analysis（PCA） and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis（OPLS-DA） were used to screen the differential components of the five P. cocos medicinal materials with the variable importance in the projection（VIP） value>1 and P<0.05 as the criteria. ResultsA total of 66 compounds were identified by database comparison， 8 compounds were newly identified by MDF， 28 compounds were newly identified by GNPS， and a total of 102 chemical compounds were identified， including 43 triterpenoids， 16 saccharides， 26 amino acids and peptides， 3 nucleosides， and 14 other compounds. Triterpenoids were predominant in Poriae Cutis and wild Fushen， amino acids and peptides were the most abundant in Poria and cultivated Fushen， carbohydrates were the most abundant in Poriae Cutis. Type Ⅰ and Ⅱ triterpenoids had higher amounts in Poria and cultivated Fushen， type Ⅲ triterpenoids were more abundant in Poriae Cutis， all four types of triterpenoids were higher in Fushenmu， and type Ⅰ， Ⅱ， and Ⅳ triterpenoids were higher in wild Fushen. A total of 12 common differential chemical constituents were screened， including serine， guanosine， gallic acid， 2-octenal， maltotriose， trametenolic acid， dehydroeburicoic acid， dehydrotrametenolic acid， poricoic acid A， poricoic acid B， poricoic acid E and G， but the relative contents of them varied significantly among different medicinal materials. ConclusionAmong the five P. cocos medicinal materials， the types of constituents are generally similar， but their relative contents differed significantly among these medicinal materials， especially in the distribution of triterpenoids. The integration of UPLC-Q-Orbitrap-MS， MDF and GNPS can provide a reference for the rapid qualitative analysis of other Chinese medicines.

ObjectiveTo establish a rapid analytical method for identifying the differential components in Poria cocos medicinal materials based on ultra performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-electrostatic field orbital trap high-resolution mass spectrometry（UPLC-Q-Orbitrap-MS）， combined with mass defect filtering（MDF） and molecular network integration techniques. MethodsUPLC-Q-Orbitrap-MS was used for MS data acquisition and identification of P. cocos medicinal materials， with the help of MDF for the study of cleavage behavior and structural identification of triterpenoids. According to the similarity of MS/MS fragmentation patterns of each component， global natural product social molecular network（GNPS） was established， and Cytoscape 3.6.1 was used to screen molecular clusters with similar structures and the the structure of main compound classes were identified and confirmed. Multivariate statistical analyses such as principal component analysis（PCA） and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis（OPLS-DA） were used to screen the differential components of the five P. cocos medicinal materials with the variable importance in the projection（VIP） value>1 and P<0.05 as the criteria. ResultsA total of 66 compounds were identified by database comparison， 8 compounds were newly identified by MDF， 28 compounds were newly identified by GNPS， and a total of 102 chemical compounds were identified， including 43 triterpenoids， 16 saccharides， 26 amino acids and peptides， 3 nucleosides， and 14 other compounds. Triterpenoids were predominant in Poriae Cutis and wild Fushen， amino acids and peptides were the most abundant in Poria and cultivated Fushen， carbohydrates were the most abundant in Poriae Cutis. Type Ⅰ and Ⅱ triterpenoids had higher amounts in Poria and cultivated Fushen， type Ⅲ triterpenoids were more abundant in Poriae Cutis， all four types of triterpenoids were higher in Fushenmu， and type Ⅰ， Ⅱ， and Ⅳ triterpenoids were higher in wild Fushen. A total of 12 common differential chemical constituents were screened， including serine， guanosine， gallic acid， 2-octenal， maltotriose， trametenolic acid， dehydroeburicoic acid， dehydrotrametenolic acid， poricoic acid A， poricoic acid B， poricoic acid E and G， but the relative contents of them varied significantly among different medicinal materials. ConclusionAmong the five P. cocos medicinal materials， the types of constituents are generally similar， but their relative contents differed significantly among these medicinal materials， especially in the distribution of triterpenoids. The integration of UPLC-Q-Orbitrap-MS， MDF and GNPS can provide a reference for the rapid qualitative analysis of other Chinese medicines.