Objective: To investigate the efficacy，safety and feasibility of regional lymph node dissection in laparoscopic radical surgery for bladder cancer under the guidance of indocyanine green fluorescence imaging. Methods: A total of 30 patients with muscle invasive bladder cancer (T2/T3NxM0) who volunteered to enter the clinical trial were randomly divided into the indocyanine green imaging guided laparoscopic regional lymph node dissection group (n=15) and the standard pelvic lymph node dissection group (n=15).The number of positive lymph nodes，operation time，intraoperative bleeding volume，incidence of lymph leakage，and tumor recurrence and metastasis rate 2-year after surgery were collected. Results: The number of positive lymph nodes was (4.20±1.66) and (4.60±1.72) respectively in the indocyanine green and standard groups，with no statistically significant difference (P>0.05).There were no statistically significant difference in the tumor recurrence and metastasis rates 2-year after surgery between the two groups (P>0.05).However，the indocyanine green group had shorter operation time，less intraoperative bleeding volume，and lower incidence of lymphatic leakage than the standard group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Indocyanine green fluorescence imaging guided laparoscopic lymph node dissection has comparable clinical efficacy to standard lymph node dissection，but with fewer complications.

Objective Advances in synthetic DNA technology have made it much easier to fake human DNA samples.There are literature reports that fake human DNA can be synthesized by different methods and implanted in the field to confuse the investigation or mislead the trial.Therefore,distinguishing authentic human DNA from synthetic DNA and performing individual identification has become a critical scientific challenge.Methods We define a novel composite genetic marker(methylation-microhaplotype)by combining CpG sites stably hypermethylated or hypomethylated in natural human DNA and nearby immediately adjacent microhaplotype sites.A total of 19 locis were obtained according to the screening criteria,and a composite detection system for methylation-microhaplotypes was established using MPS technology.Random volunteer DNA samples were extracted and synthetic DNA samples were prepared based on whole genome amplification techniques.Population DNA samples were analyzed to evaluate forensic parameters and methylation variability of the methylation-microhaplotype markers.Comparative analyses of human and synthetic DNA were conducted to assess the markers'ability to discriminate between the two and to detect/type both components in mixed mixed samples.Results The composite detection system composed of 19 locis demonstrated high individual identification ability,achieving a cumulative individual identification probability of 0.999 999 999 996 86.12 hypermethylated locis and 7 hypomethylated locis had relatively stable methylation levels in 57 human DNA samples.According to the allele methylation rate(Ram)value,the system can effectively identify natural and synthetic DNA samples.Meanwhile,for mixed DNA samples,the presence of human and synthetic DNA samples can be found and genotyped.Conclusion Methylation-microhaplotype genetic markers,which can discover human DNA and synthetic DNA and can detect the presence and genotyping of them from mixed samples,is a potential useful tool for forensic DNA analysis.

Objective:To explore the expression of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and β-catenin in skin lesions of condyloma acuminatum, and analyze their relationship with clinical prognosis.Methods:A prospective study was conducted to select 96 patients with condyloma acuminatum admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from December 2020 to June 2023 as the case group. Another 96 normal tissue samples from patients who underwent external genital plastic surgery or circumcision at the same time in the hospital were taken as the control group. All patients in the case group received 5-aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy (ALA-PDT) treatment, and the outcome was achieved at 6 months after follow-up. The case group was divided into recurrent subgroups and non- recurrent subgroups based on whether there was a recurrence. The expression of NF-κB and β-catenin in patients with different prognoses between the case group and the control group were compared. The Phi coefficient was used to analyze the correlation between NF-κB, β-catenin, and condyloma acuminatum. COX regression analysis were used to test the relationship between NF-κB, β-catenin and recurrence, and then receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn to analyze the predictive value of NF-κB, β-catenin for recurrence in patients with condyloma acuminatum.Results:The positive rates of NF-κB and β-catenin in the lesion tissues of the case group were higher than those in the control group: 55.21%(53/96) vs. 23.96%(23/96), 56.25%(54/96) vs. 36.46%(35/96), and there were statistical differences ( P<0.05). According to the Phi coefficient test, there was a positive correlation between NF-κB and β-catenin positivity and condyloma acuminatum ( r>0, P<0.05). After 6 months of follow-up, 35 of the 96 patients relapsed, with a recurrence rate of 36.46% (35/96). The positive rates of NF-κB and β-catenin in the recurrent subgroup were significantly higher than those in the non-recurrent subgroup: 85.71%(30/35) vs. 37.70%(23/61), 85.71%(30/35) vs. 39.34%(24/61), and there were statistical differences ( P<0.05). COX regression analysis showed that the positive expression of NF-κB and β-catenin was related to the recurrence of patients with condyloma acuminatum after treatment ( HR = 4.017, 3.898, 95% CI 1.516 - 10.646, 1.470 - 10.336, P<0.05). The ROC curve showed that NF-κB, β-catenin, and their combination had moderate predictive value for recurrence in patients with condyloma acuminatum after treatment. The area under the curve (AUC) was 0.740 and 0.732, respectively. Among them, the combined predictive value was the highest, with an AUC of 0.810 ( P<0.05). Conclusions:The positive rates of NF-κB and β-catenin in the skin lesions of patients with condyloma acuminatum are relatively high, and they have certain predictive value for the recurrence of patients after treatment.

Objective:To explore the expression of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and β-catenin in skin lesions of condyloma acuminatum, and analyze their relationship with clinical prognosis.Methods:A prospective study was conducted to select 96 patients with condyloma acuminatum admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from December 2020 to June 2023 as the case group. Another 96 normal tissue samples from patients who underwent external genital plastic surgery or circumcision at the same time in the hospital were taken as the control group. All patients in the case group received 5-aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy (ALA-PDT) treatment, and the outcome was achieved at 6 months after follow-up. The case group was divided into recurrent subgroups and non- recurrent subgroups based on whether there was a recurrence. The expression of NF-κB and β-catenin in patients with different prognoses between the case group and the control group were compared. The Phi coefficient was used to analyze the correlation between NF-κB, β-catenin, and condyloma acuminatum. COX regression analysis were used to test the relationship between NF-κB, β-catenin and recurrence, and then receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn to analyze the predictive value of NF-κB, β-catenin for recurrence in patients with condyloma acuminatum.Results:The positive rates of NF-κB and β-catenin in the lesion tissues of the case group were higher than those in the control group: 55.21%(53/96) vs. 23.96%(23/96), 56.25%(54/96) vs. 36.46%(35/96), and there were statistical differences ( P<0.05). According to the Phi coefficient test, there was a positive correlation between NF-κB and β-catenin positivity and condyloma acuminatum ( r>0, P<0.05). After 6 months of follow-up, 35 of the 96 patients relapsed, with a recurrence rate of 36.46% (35/96). The positive rates of NF-κB and β-catenin in the recurrent subgroup were significantly higher than those in the non-recurrent subgroup: 85.71%(30/35) vs. 37.70%(23/61), 85.71%(30/35) vs. 39.34%(24/61), and there were statistical differences ( P<0.05). COX regression analysis showed that the positive expression of NF-κB and β-catenin was related to the recurrence of patients with condyloma acuminatum after treatment ( HR = 4.017, 3.898, 95% CI 1.516 - 10.646, 1.470 - 10.336, P<0.05). The ROC curve showed that NF-κB, β-catenin, and their combination had moderate predictive value for recurrence in patients with condyloma acuminatum after treatment. The area under the curve (AUC) was 0.740 and 0.732, respectively. Among them, the combined predictive value was the highest, with an AUC of 0.810 ( P<0.05). Conclusions:The positive rates of NF-κB and β-catenin in the skin lesions of patients with condyloma acuminatum are relatively high, and they have certain predictive value for the recurrence of patients after treatment.

Objective Advances in synthetic DNA technology have made it much easier to fake human DNA samples.There are literature reports that fake human DNA can be synthesized by different methods and implanted in the field to confuse the investigation or mislead the trial.Therefore,distinguishing authentic human DNA from synthetic DNA and performing individual identification has become a critical scientific challenge.Methods We define a novel composite genetic marker(methylation-microhaplotype)by combining CpG sites stably hypermethylated or hypomethylated in natural human DNA and nearby immediately adjacent microhaplotype sites.A total of 19 locis were obtained according to the screening criteria,and a composite detection system for methylation-microhaplotypes was established using MPS technology.Random volunteer DNA samples were extracted and synthetic DNA samples were prepared based on whole genome amplification techniques.Population DNA samples were analyzed to evaluate forensic parameters and methylation variability of the methylation-microhaplotype markers.Comparative analyses of human and synthetic DNA were conducted to assess the markers'ability to discriminate between the two and to detect/type both components in mixed mixed samples.Results The composite detection system composed of 19 locis demonstrated high individual identification ability,achieving a cumulative individual identification probability of 0.999 999 999 996 86.12 hypermethylated locis and 7 hypomethylated locis had relatively stable methylation levels in 57 human DNA samples.According to the allele methylation rate(Ram)value,the system can effectively identify natural and synthetic DNA samples.Meanwhile,for mixed DNA samples,the presence of human and synthetic DNA samples can be found and genotyped.Conclusion Methylation-microhaplotype genetic markers,which can discover human DNA and synthetic DNA and can detect the presence and genotyping of them from mixed samples,is a potential useful tool for forensic DNA analysis.

Adenosine has been proved to have immunosuppressive effect in many different diseases, and the activity of ecto-5’-nucleotidase(CD73) on the cell surface is the rate-limiting step of extracellular adenosine production. CD73 has a profound and lasting impact on tumor immune regulation of regulatory T cells, B cells, macrophages and natural killer cells. CD73-mediated adenosine pathway is significant in signal transduction during cancer progression in tumor microenvironment, making CD73 a novel immune checkpoint. Therefore, CD73 inhibition is a emergent and promising strategy for cancer immunotherapy. At present, a variety of monoclonal antibodies and small molecule inhibitors have been in clinical development. This review comprehensively summarizes the frontier research progress of reported small molecule CD73 inhibitors, which can provide guidance for the investigation of novel CD73 inhibitors for cancer therapy.

Objective To investigate the efficacy,safety and feasibility of laparoscopic lymph node dissection guided by indocyanine green(ICG)fluorescence imaging.Methods A total of 30 patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer(MIBC,T2/T3NxM0)who were admitled to the Cangzhou People's Hospital during Mar.2018 and Jun.2022 were included.The lymph nodes were cleared with ICG fluorescence imaging first,and then the remaining lymph nodes were cleared according to the standard pelvic lymph node range.The lymph node positive rate of ICG fluorescence imaging guided laparoscopic lymph node precise dissection and standard pelvic lymph node dissection was analyzed by self-comparison.Results ICG fluorescence imaging guided laparoscopic lymph node precise dissection needed shorter operation time than standard pelvic lymph node dissection[(21.80±6.80)min vs.(47.70±10.73)min,P＜0.05].There was no significant difference in the lymph node positive rate between the two approaches[(11.34±9.06)％vs.(12.36±9.43)％,P＞0.05],but the former approach caused less damage on blood vessels and nerves.Conclusion Indocyanine green fluorescence imaging guided laparoscopic lymph node dissection has comparable efficacy to standard pelvic lymph node dissection,which can reduce ineffective lymph node dissection,shorten the operation time,and reduce the risk of complications.

Objective:To explore the diagnostic value of serum C-C chemokine ligand 5 (CCL5) in assessing the degree of liver fibrosis in patients with metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD).Methods:71 MAFLD patients who visited the Department of Integrated Traditional and Western Medical Hepatology, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, and underwent liver biopsy histopathology examinations between October 2021 and June 2023 were selected for diagnostic testing. Simultaneously, 71 healthy subjects who underwent physical examinations at the physical examination center of the hospital were selected as the control group. Serum CCL5 levels were detected using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Routine blood tests, liver and kidney function tests, and other tests were conducted to analyze the expression level of CCL5 and its correlation with the above indicators. The aspartate aminotransferase/platelet ratio index (APRI) and fibrosis 4 index (FIB-4) were calculated. SPSS 26.0 software was used for statistical analysis. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was used to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of CCL5 for the degree of liver fibrosis in MAFLD. The combined diagnostic efficacy of APRI and FIB-4 was further analyzed for the degree of liver fibrosis in MAFLD.Results:The expression level of serum CCL5 gradually increased with the increase in liver fibrosis stage in patients with MAFLD, and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05). The AUC value of serum CCL5 for diagnosing significant liver fibrosis in MAFLD patients was 0.775, with a sensitivity of 65.7%, a specificity of 80.6%, and an optimal cutoff value of 49.845 ng/ml. The CCL5 and FIB-4 combination had the highest diagnostic value for significant liver fibrosis in patients with MAFLD, with an AUC of 0.802, a sensitivity of 91.4%, and a specificity of 61.1%. Conclusion:CCL5 has a high diagnostic value for significant liver fibrosis in MAFLD patients. Therefore, it is expected to become a non-invasive diagnostic marker for assessing the degree of liver fibrosis in MAFLD patients.

Objective : To investigate the application of indocyanine green in near-infrared fluorescence imaging to determine the scope of necrotic bone resection in osteoradionecrosis of the jaw and to provide a reference for clinicians Methods : Eight patients with osteoradionecrosis of the jaws were enrolled. Indocyanine green was intravenously injected through the elbow vein 10 minutes before osteotomy. After conservative resection of necrotic bone lesions based on imaging results, the scope of potential dead bone resection in the area of low fluorescence intensity was gradually expanded at an initial distance of 0.3 cm. Near-infrared fluorescence imaging and fluorescence intensity determination of bone cross-section were performed before and after extended resection. Statistical differences were analyzed. All patients with osteonecrosis underwent regular follow-up to evaluate the postoperative efficacy Results: Indocyanine green was injected into all 8 patients with osteoradionecrosis for near-infrared fluorescence imaging and the scans were clear; the fluorescence intensity of fresh bone wounds with an expanded mandibular resection range of (0.95 ± 0.14) cm was (226.2 ± 15.8) au, which was higher than that based on intraoperative macroscopic observation and radiological results (108.8 ± 3.4) au, (t = 20.718, P<0.001). The postoperative follow-up improvement rate of 8 patients was 87.5%. Conclusion Near-infrared fluorescence imaging with indocyanine green can assist in the successful removal of necrotic bone until fresh bleeding of the jaw wound occurs, which has important clinical value in defining the resection range of osteoradionecrosis of the jaw.

Objective:To investigate the neurobiochemical metabolites of caudate nucleus and thalamus in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder and their relationship with obsessive-compulsive symptoms.Methods:From April 2019 to January 2022 in Beijing Anding Hospital, totally 25 untreated patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder were recruited, and 20 healthy controls matched with gender, age and educational background were recruited for the study.The maps of neurobiochemical metabolites of patients and normal controls were collected by hydrogen proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy.With bilateral caudate nucleus and thalamus as brain regions of interest.The relative concentrations of N-acetylaspartic acid (NAA), glutamic acid (Glu) and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) were fitted by LCModel software.At the same time, the clinical symptoms of patients were evaluated with Yale-Brown obsessive-compulsive scale (Y-BOCS) and Hamilton anxiety scale (HAMA). SPSS 20.0 software was used for statistical analysis.Independent double sample t-test was used to compare the differences of different nerve biochemical metabolite concentrations between patients with obsessive-compulsive disorders and healthy controls.Pearson correlation analysis was used to explore the correlation between biochemical metabolite concentrations and clinical symptoms. Results:The Glu concentration in the left thalamus of patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (3.97±0.41) was higher than that of the control group (3.66±0.55)( t=-2.11, P<0.05), while the NAA concentration was (4.87±0.47)lower than that of the control group (5.15±0.44)( t=2.05, P<0.05). The GABA concentrations in the right caudate nucleus (0.50±0.18) and thalamus (0.80±0.19) were lower than those in the control group ((0.63±0.23), (0.96±0.24))( t=2.08, 2.36, both P<0.05). Pearson correlation analysis showed that the Glu concentration in the left caudate nucleus of patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder was positively correlated with the total score of Y-BOCS( r=0.46, P<0.05). Spearman correlation analysis showed that Glu concentration in the right caudate nucleus was positively correlated with the total score of HAMA in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder ( r=0.46, P<0.05). Conclusion:NAA, Glu and GABA metabolism in caudate nucleus and thalamus are abnormal in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder, and Glu concentration is positively correlated with the severity of obsessive-compulsive and anxiety symptoms.