ObjectiveTo investigate the mechanism of salt processing of Psoraleae Fructus （PF） through modern analytical techniques and biotechnology， focusing on its effects related to hepatotoxicity and anti-osteoporosis activity. MethodsThe zebrafish model was utilized to evaluate the impact of PF and salt-processed Psoraleae Fructus （SPF） on the hepatotoxicity （using 134.17 ， 178.89， 268.34 mg·L^-1 as low， medium， and high dose groups of PF， 135.04， 180.06， 270.08 mg·L^-1 as low， medium， and high dose groups of SPF， respectively） and anti-osteoporotic activity （using 33.54 ， 67.08 and 134.17 mg·L^-1 as low， medium， and high dose groups of PF， 33.76， 67.52， 135.04 mg·L^-1 as low， medium， and high dose groups of SPF， respectively）， which was using alizarin red skull staining of zebrafish as an indicator of different batches of PF. The specific dosage of a batch of PF was taken as an example. Then ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time of flight-mass spectrometry（UPLC-Q-TOF-MS） analysis was employed to identify the chemical composition of PF before and after salt processing， and PCA， OPLS-DA， and independent sample t-test were used to elucidating the compositional changes associated with the effects of salt processing on hepatotoxicity and anti-osteoporosis activity. ResultsUnder specific conditions， PF induced notable hepatotoxicity in zebrafish while simultaneously demonstrating protective effect against prednisolone-induced osteoporosis. In comparison to PF， SPF showed alleviated hepatotoxicity while retaining significant anti-osteoporosis activity. UPLC-Q-TOF-MS analysis revealed that after salt processing， the overall chemical composition of PF showed a downward trend， with 69 components showing a decrease in content， represented by psoralen， and 13 components showing an increase， represented by 4′-O-methyl psoralen B. Further multivariate statistical analysis revealed 11 key differential components before and after salt processing of PF， including psoralen and bakuchiol. ConclusionSalt processing effectively diminishes hepatotoxicity without impairing therapeutic efficacy against osteoporosis of PF， which may be related to the compositional changes before and after salt processing of PF and provides key evidence to reveal the scientific significance of salt processing of PF.

Background/Aims: Liver transplantation (LT) following total hepatectomy is a life-saving treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The HCC recurrence after LT hinders the effectiveness of the procedure. The objective of this study is to develop a pre-operative risk stratification model based on a liquid biopsy. Methods: We conducted a comprehensive multi-omics study of 260 HCC patients from three centers, including clinical data, low-coverage whole-genome sequencing of cell-free DNA (cfDNA) from plasma, as well as whole-exome, single-nucleus RNA, and spatial transcriptomics from matched tumor and non-tumor tissues. Results: We identified cfDNA-derived copy number alteration (CNA) signatures associated with post-transplant recurrence. By integrating cfDNA-derived CNA profiles with single-cell transcriptomic data, we traced recurrence-associated cfDNA to a distinct subpopulation of malignant cells within the primary tumor. These cells were embedded in a pro-metastatic microenvironment of specialized endothelial subtypes and cancer-associated fibroblasts. Notably, most recurrence-associated lesions were detectable in cfDNA prior to liver transplantation (LT). Building on these insights, we developed the ZJU Criteria based on CNA fragments and tumor markers, a pre-LT risk prediction tool that integrates conventional clinical factors with cfDNA-derived CNA signatures, and validated it using internal and independent external cohorts. Conclusion Our findings suggest that post-transplant recurrence commonly originates from advanced subclones that emerge late during tumor evolution. The ZJU Criteria provides an accurate, non-invasive strategy that significantly improves pre-LT risk stratification and clinical decision-making for patients with HCC.

Objective: To investigate the vector control and prevention capability construction in county-level disease prevention and control institutions (CDCs) of Chongqing Municipality, so as to provide insights into the enhancement of vector control and prevention capability. Methods: Data on the establishment of vector control and prevention departments, staffing, laboratory construction, and self-evaluation of performance capability of 39 county-level CDCs in Chongqing Municipality were collected through questionnaire surveys in 2020 and 2023. The capability and changes of vector control and prevention in these CDCs were analyzed using descriptive methods. Results: Compare to 2020, the proportion of specialized vector control and prevention departments in county-level CDCs of Chongqing Municipality in 2023 increased from 10.26% to 17.95%. The number of staff engaged in vector control and prevention increased from 147 to 178. The proportions of full-time staff, permanent staff, and staff with relevant majors increased from 8.84%, 87.76% and 58.50% to 14.61%, 90.45% and 60.67%, respectively. The average laboratory areas increased from 14.49 m2 to 49.32 m2. The coverage rates of the laboratories for classification, identification and specimen storage and the laboratories for resistance determination increased from 20.51% to 61.54% and 43.59%. The coverage rates of the laboratories for the efficacy test of hygienic insecticides, the laboratories for the efficacy test of rodenticides in rooms, and the laboratories for etiology increased from 0 to 15.38%, 15.38% and 20.51%, respectively (all P<0.05). All county-level CDCs had the capabilities of population survey and density monitoring. The proportions of those with the capabilities of organizing prevention and control training, evaluating the effectiveness of vector control and prevention, and detecting pathogens carried by vectors increased from 46.15%, 30.77% and 0 to 69.23%, 53.85% and 38.46%, respectively (all P<0.05). Conclusions The set up of professional departments for vector control and prevention, the number of staff, the laboratory coverage rate, and the proportion of those with the performance capabilty in county-level CDCs in Chongqing Municipality were improved. However, it is necessary to strengthen the construction of the professional teams for vector control and prevention, and fully realize the laboratory function.

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of electroacupuncture (EA) on improving motor function and regulating microglial activation based on Notch receptor 1 (Notch1)/Hes family bHLH transcription factor 1 (Hes1) pathway in mice with Parkinson's disease (PD). METHODS: Thirty-six male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into a control group, a model group and an EA group, 12 mice in each group. PD model was established by intraperitoneal injection of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) for 7 consecutive days in the model group and the EA group. From the 1st day of modeling, EA was applied at "Baihui" (GV20) and bilateral "Shenshu" (BL23) in the EA group, with continuous wave, in frequency of 2 Hz and current of 2 mA, 15 min a time, once a day for 14 days continuously. The behavioral performance was evaluated by gait test, pole climbing test and hanging test, the number of positive cells of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and the co-expression positive cells of Notch1/ionized calcium binding adaptor molecule 1 (Iba-1) in the substantia nigra of midbrain was assessed by immunofluorescence, the protein expression of TH, α-synuclein (α-syn), Notch1, Hes1, Iba-1, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), Arginase-1 (ARG1), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6 and IL-10 was detected by Western blot, the mRNA expression of Notch1 and Hes1 was detected by real-time PCR. RESULTS: Compared with the control group, in the model group, the stride frequency was accelerated (P<0.001) and the stride length was shortened (P<0.001) for the four limbs, the pole climbing test time was prolonged (P<0.01) and the grip level was reduced (P<0.01); in the substantia nigra of midbrain, the number of positive cells of TH was decreased (P<0.001), the number of co-expression positive cells of Notch1/Iba-1 was increased (P<0.001), the protein expression of α-syn, Notch1, Hes1, Iba-1, iNOS, TNF-α, IL-1βand IL-6 was increased (P<0.01, P<0.05, P<0.001), the protein expression of TH, ARG1 and IL-10 was decreased (P<0.01, P<0.001), the mRNA expression of Notch1 and Hes1 was increased (P<0.01). Compared with the model group, in the EA group, the stride frequency was decelerated (P<0.001) and the stride length was increased (P<0.05, P<0.01, P<0.001) for the four limbs, the pole climbing test time was shortened (P<0.05) and the grip level was increased (P<0.05); in the substantia nigra of midbrain, the number of positive cells of TH was increased (P<0.01), the number of co-expression positive cells of Notch1/Iba-1 was decreased (P<0.001), the protein expression of α-syn, Notch1, Hes1, Iba-1, iNOS, TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β was decreased (P<0.05, P<0.01), the protein expression of TH, ARG1 and IL-10 was increased (P<0.05, P<0.001, P<0.01), the mRNA expression of Notch1 and Hes1 was decreased (P<0.05). CONCLUSION EA can improve the behavioral performance and protect the dopaminergic neurons in PD mice, its mechanism may relate to the inhibition of Notch1/Hes1-mediated neuroinflammation, thus inhibiting the microglial activation.
Animals ; Electroacupuncture ; Microglia/metabolism* ; Male ; Receptor, Notch1/metabolism* ; Parkinson Disease/physiopathology* ; Transcription Factor HES-1/metabolism* ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Humans ; Signal Transduction

With the deepening of population aging， the number of disabled and semi-disabled elderly individuals continues to increase， and the ethical care issues of mental health services for the disabled elderly are becoming increasingly prominent. When examining ethical issues， the concept of the “holistic view of traditional Chinese medicine” from ancient Chinese traditional culture was explored. While applying theories from the holistic view of traditional Chinese medicine， such as “the unity of form and spirit” and “the integration of form and spirit，” emphasis should be placed on the organic integration of psychology and physiology. The mental health status of the disabled elderly can be comprehensively improved by addressing both internal and external environmental factors. In response to the current situation of mental health services for the disabled elderly， ethical care should be provided for the mental health services of the disabled elderly， focusing on the value of subjectivity， difference， and continuity in ethical care， thereby improving the mental health status of the disabled elderly.

[Objective]To promote the study of the dental theory of Jingyue Quanshu,to facilitate its use in the present day and to improve the clinical efficacy of dental diseases.[Methods]By comprehensively collating the dental theories of Jingyue Quanshu,a literature study was carried out on the etiology and pathogenesis,treatment,dosage forms and delivery methods,and preventive health care to summarize the theoretical perspectives and characteristics of the theories.[Results]Dialectically grasping the unity of opposites between local diseases and the overall diseases mechanism is the principle of the dental theory of Jingyue Quanshu.The etiology and mechanism of tooth is discussed from the three syndromes of fire,bacteria and kidney deficiency,highlighting the cause of internal injuries as well as the close connection between tooth and kidney,stomach,large intestine and spleen,especially with kidney and stomach.The three-dimensional treatment of dental diseases is combining overall treatment,local treatment,and overall with local treatment;attach great importance to external treatment,and external treatment drugs with the characteristics of more acrid heat drugs,more animal drugs,more mineral drugs,more poisons,and more salts;The application of moxibustion,a considerable number of external prescriptions for pungent and external prescriptions for tooth fixing,vividly illustrating the clinical application of treatment methods such as"remove pathogenic heat from the body"and"supplementing the viscera with the viscera".The dosage forms and delivery methods are varied,the concepts of dental care and tooth-fixing are unique,and the healthcare measures are diverse,practical,and effective.[Conclusion]Jingyue Quanshu is rich and distinctive in exposition of dental diseases,which is of great significance in guiding and enlightening later generations.It is worthy of study and should be valued as the primary reference material of traditional Chinese medical(TCM)stomatology.

Objective To observe and analyze the pregnancy outcomes of simplified laparoscopic cervical cerclage(SLCC)during pregnancy.Methods Between May 2020 and February 2024,a total of 6 pregnant patients with cervical incompetence(CIC)unsuitable for transvaginal cervical cerclage(TVC)underwent prophylactic SLCC.Among the 6 patients,the average number of spontaneous abortions during mid-pregnancy period was 1.3(range,1-2),and 3 had a history of failed TVC.The average gestational week at the time of surgery was10.3 weeks(range,7-13 weeks).The surgery used a modified simple suture technique,entering from the back to the front at the isthmic level,inside the uterine artery,without opening the broad ligament,with the knot located in front of the cervix.Results All the patients underwent the surgery smoothly,with an average operation time of 27.7 min(range,23-33 min)and a blood loss of 1-10 ml during the surgery.No serious complications occurred.All the patients underwent cesarean section to terminate pregnancy,with an average gestational week of 37.2 weeks(range,36+3-38 weeks),all resulting in live births.The average birth weight of the newborns was 2951.7 g(range,2540-3320 g).The cerclage was removed during the surgery in 2 cases.Conclusion SLCC can be used in the early to mid-pregnancy period to treat CIC,achieving good pregnancy outcomes.

Objective To compare the effect of transcranial direct current stimulation(tDCS)combined with seated Taijiquan Yun-shou in different sequences on brain functional activation in healthy youths.Methods From September to December,2024,14 healthy young medical interns or probationers were recruited from the Fifth Hospital of Xiamen.They randomly completed three interventions in a crossover design:Yunshou training followed immediately by tDCS(Y-S group),tDCS intervention followed immediately by Yunshou training(S-Y group),and simultaneous implementation of tDCS intervention and Yunshou training(Sim group).Yunshou was practiced in a seated position.For tDCS,the anode was placed over the left primary motor cortex(M1),and the cathode over the right M1.Changes in oxyhemoglobin(HbO2)concentration in the regions of interest were mea-sured using functional near-infrared spectroscopy.Results Three cases dropped down.The brain regions with significant differences before and after intervention included:CH3,CH7 and CH23 of right prefrontal cortex(PFC)in Y-S group;CH12 of left PFC in S-Y group;and CH9,CH10 and CH25 of the left PFC,CH13 and CH14 of the left sensorimotor cortex(SMC),CH15 of the right pre-motor and supplementary motor cortex(PMC),and CH16 of the right SMC in Sim group(P<0.05).After inter-vention,HbO2 concentration was the highest in the bilateral PFC,bilateral PMC and left SMC in the Y-S group(P<0.05);and it was almost the same between Sim group and S-Y group(P>0.05),except that of the right PFC decreased in Sim group.Conclusion The sequential combination of brain-limb integrated regulation is a key factor influencing the immediate cor-tical activation pattern.

Estrogen, through binding to its receptors in the female endometrium, promotes the proliferation, differentiation, and angiogenesis of endometrial stromal cells, thereby playing a critical role in endometrial injury repair, regeneration, and the prevention and treatment of intrauterine adhesions. Currently, various estrogen-based pharmaceutical formulations are applied in clinical practice, and the development of related products is progressively advancing. This review systematically outlines the etiology of endometrial injury and the mechanisms by which estrogen facilitates endometrial repair and regeneration. Furthermore, it highlights recent research progress and clinical applications of estrogen-based therapies in endometrial regeneration, aiming to provide a valuable reference for relevant scientific research and clinical practice.