To report diagnosis and treatment of a patient with rectal cancer and synchronous liver metastases, accompanied by severe coronary artery stenosis and cardiac insufficiency, and to provide a reference for clinical decision-making in such cases through introducing the treatment contradiction, the choice of systemic treatment plan and the timing of operation, and the final outcome. After definitive diagnosis, the patient received systemic therapy with cetuximab＋irinotecan＋oxaliplatin＋raltitrexed, and along with oral medication to improve cardiac function, followed by elective coronary revascularization. After revascularization, the cardiac function of patient was fully improved. And the tumor lesion was effectively controlled after antitumor therapy. Once the cardiac condition of patient stabilized, two-stage surgical resection of the primary rectal cancer and liver metastases was performed, ultimately achieving tumor-free status, and discharged.

Lonicerae Japonicae Flos refers to the dried flower buds or flowers about to open of Lonicera japonica （Caprifoliaceae）. Its dried flower buds or early blooming flowers are listed in the Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China （2020 edition） as official medicinal materials. As a Chinese medicine with "heat-clearing and detoxifying" properties and a classic medicinal-edible resource， it is mainly produced in northern authentic producing regions such as Shandong， Henan， and Hebei in China. Lonicerae Japonicae Flos contains abundant bioactive substances that are considered safe and effective， with functions including relieving sore throat， antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects， and immune regulation. In recent years， with the modernization of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） and the rapid development of the "big health" industry， Lonicerae Japonicae Flos has become a research hotspot in the fields of natural medicines and functional foods due to its multi-target pharmacological activities and broad application potential. To date， chemical constituents identified from Lonicerae Japonicae Flos include organic acids， flavonoids， iridoids， triterpenes， triterpenoid saponins， and volatile oils. Modern pharmacological studies have shown that Lonicerae Japonicae Flos possesses anti-inflammatory， antibacterial， antioxidant， antiviral， antidiabetic， cardiovascular and neuroprotective， and immunomodulatory activities. In terms of modern applications， Lonicerae Japonicae Flos has developed into a full industrial chain covering pharmaceuticals， health products， daily chemical products， and food additives， demonstrating high medicinal and health value. Strengthening the development of Lonicerae Japonicae Flos-based health products is of great significance. Based on relevant domestic and international literature， this paper systematically reviews the innovative applications of Lonicerae Japonicae Flos in traditional medicine， modern clinical formulations， health foods， and daily chemical products from the perspectives of chemical composition， pharmacological effects， and modern applications， aiming to further deepen basic research on Lonicerae Japonicae Flos. Meanwhile， this paper analyzes and proposes suggestions for promoting applied research on Lonicerae Japonicae Flos， in order to provide a scientific basis for its sound development and to offer references for the rational development and comprehensive utilization of medicinal and edible resources.

Objective: To investigate the current status and influencing factors of social frailty among elderly lung cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy, so as to provide evidence for developing early-screening and hierarchical-management strategies for social frailty. Methods: From November 2025 to April 2026, hospitalized elderly lung cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy in the Department of Respiratory Medicine and Department of Oncology of a tertiary A hospital in Weifang City, Shandong Province were selected as study participants using convenience sampling method. Data on demographic characteristics, life behaviors, pathological staging, and number of chemotherapy cycles were collected through questionnaire surveys. Comorbidity burden, physical frailty, instrumental activities of daily living capacity, depressive symptoms, and social frailty were assessed using the Charlson Comorbidity Index, Clinical Frailty Scale, Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale, Patient Health Questionnaire-9, and Chinese Social Frailty Index Scale, respectively. A multivariable logistic regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors of social frailty among elderly lung cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. Results: A total of 249 elderly lung cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy were surveyed, including 192 males (77.11%) and 57 females (22.89%). The mean age of the participants was (68.86±5.83) years. Social frailty was identified in 73 participants, with a detection rate of 29.32%. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that junior high school education level or above (OR=0.171, 95%CI: 0.031-0.940), having a spouse (OR=0.132, 95%CI: 0.028-0.634), and higher scores of instrumental activities of daily living capacity (OR=0.360, 95%CI: 0.180-0.721) had a lower risk of social frailty; number of chemotherapy cycles ≥4 (OR=4.168, 95%CI: 1.131-15.361), higher Charlson Comorbidity Index (OR=4.749, 95%CI: 2.117-10.653), higher physical frailty scores (OR=3.274, 95%CI: 1.330-8.057), and higher depressive symptom scores (OR=2.005, 95%CI: 1.358-2.961) had a higher risk of social frailty Conclusion The detection rate of social frailty among elderly lung cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy was relatively high. Education level, marital status, number of chemotherapy cycles, comorbidity burden, physical frailty, instrumental activities of daily living capacity and depressive symptoms were the influencing factors of social frailty among elderly patients with lung cancer undergoing chemotherapy.

Edema， as a common pathological phenomenon， is essentially the abnormal accumulation of body fluids in the interstitial spaces of human tissues and is often a direct manifestation of various underlying diseases， such as heart failure， impaired renal filtration function， or liver metabolic disorders. In the Western medical system， strategies for treating edema primarily focus on the use of diuretics to promote the excretion of excess fluid in the body， while simultaneously addressing the underlying causes through targeted treatment. However， long-term reliance on the use of diuretics may lead to a decrease in drug sensitivity and induce side effects， including electrolyte disorders such as hypokalemia and hypercalcemia， posing a potential threat to patients' overall health. Compared with Western medicine， traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） has demonstrated well-recognized and sustained efficacy in treating edema with its unique theoretical system. Zhulingtang， as a classic and commonly used TCM formula， is widely applied as it can effectively relieve edema and related symptoms. In recent years， ongoing in-depth studies on the treatment of edema with Zhulingtang have revealed multiple mechanisms of action of Zhulingtang， including the regulation of water metabolism and the reduction of inflammatory responses， thereby providing a solid theoretical basis for clinical practice. This review summarized the research progress on the treatment of edema with Zhulingtang in recent years and analyzed the active ingredients and action pathways of Zhulingtang. Additionally， the primary mechanisms of action and efficacy were systematically analyzed， so as to provide references for the clinical application of Zhulingtang in treating various types of edema， such as cardiogenic edema， renal edema， and hepatogenic edema. This review aims to offer theoretical support and practical guidance for clinicians in deciding treatment approaches， as well as references for subsequent in-depth studies， thereby promoting further development of TCM in the treatment of edema.

Edema， as a common pathological phenomenon， is essentially the abnormal accumulation of body fluids in the interstitial spaces of human tissues and is often a direct manifestation of various underlying diseases， such as heart failure， impaired renal filtration function， or liver metabolic disorders. In the Western medical system， strategies for treating edema primarily focus on the use of diuretics to promote the excretion of excess fluid in the body， while simultaneously addressing the underlying causes through targeted treatment. However， long-term reliance on the use of diuretics may lead to a decrease in drug sensitivity and induce side effects， including electrolyte disorders such as hypokalemia and hypercalcemia， posing a potential threat to patients' overall health. Compared with Western medicine， traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） has demonstrated well-recognized and sustained efficacy in treating edema with its unique theoretical system. Zhulingtang， as a classic and commonly used TCM formula， is widely applied as it can effectively relieve edema and related symptoms. In recent years， ongoing in-depth studies on the treatment of edema with Zhulingtang have revealed multiple mechanisms of action of Zhulingtang， including the regulation of water metabolism and the reduction of inflammatory responses， thereby providing a solid theoretical basis for clinical practice. This review summarized the research progress on the treatment of edema with Zhulingtang in recent years and analyzed the active ingredients and action pathways of Zhulingtang. Additionally， the primary mechanisms of action and efficacy were systematically analyzed， so as to provide references for the clinical application of Zhulingtang in treating various types of edema， such as cardiogenic edema， renal edema， and hepatogenic edema. This review aims to offer theoretical support and practical guidance for clinicians in deciding treatment approaches， as well as references for subsequent in-depth studies， thereby promoting further development of TCM in the treatment of edema.

Objective:To study the effects of Tongmai Huazheng Decoction on the fibrosis of lesions in mice with adenomyosis (AM); To explore its mechanism.Methods:The ICR mouse model of adenomyosis was established by using tamoxifen modeling method. The 30 mice successfully modeled were divided into model group, Tongmai Huazheng Decoction group and progesterone group according to the random number table method with 10 mice in each group, and 10 female mice were set as the blank group. Tongmai Huazheng Decoction group was intragastrically administered with Tongmai Huazheng Decoction 30.47 g/kg, once/d; The gestrinone group was intragastrically administered with gestrinone suspension 0.32 mg/kg, twice a week; the blank group and model group were intragastrically administered with 0.1 ml/10 g normal saline, once a day. After 8 weeks of intervention, HE staining was used to observe the pathological changes of uterine tissue; Masson staining was used to observe the degree of uterine tissue fibrosis; immunofluorescence method was used to detect the protein expressions of CollagenⅠ, CollagenⅢ and fibronectin in uterine tissue of each group; Western bolt method was used to detect the protein expressions of TGF-β1 and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) in each group.Results:Compared with the model group, the ratio of collagen fiber area in uterine tissue in Tongmai Huazheng Decoction group and progesterone group decreased ( P<0.05), the immunofluorescence intensity of CollagenⅠ, CollagenⅢ and Fibronectin decreased ( P<0.05), and the expressions of TGF-β1 and α-SMA proteins decreased ( P<0.05). Conclusion:Tongmai Huazheng Decoction can reduce the ratio of collagen fiber area in the uterus of mice with adenomyosis model, downregulate the expression of CollagenⅠ, Collagen Ⅲ, Fibronectin, TGF-β1, and α-SMA proteins, alleviate the degree of fibrosis in adenomyosis lesions, and thus inhibit or slow down disease progression.

Objective:To compare the pregnancy outcomes of surviving fetuses in monochorionic diam-niotic(MCDA)twin pregnancies after selective feticide or spontaneous single intrauterine fetal demise(sIUFD),and to explore the influencing factors of prognosis.Methods:A total of 219 cases of intra-uterine death of one fetus in MCDA twin pregnancies admitted to Peking University Third Hospital from September 2010 to August 2021 were collected.According to the mode of fetal death,they were divided into the spontaneous sIUFD group(120 cases)and the selective feticide group(99 cases).Data on the maternal conditions during pregnancy,the situation of the intrauterine-dead fetus,and pregnancy out-comes were collected for retrospective case-analysis.Results:The live-birth rates of surviving fetuses in the spontaneous sIUFD group and the selective feticide group were 85.0％and 81.8％respectively,and the total perinatal survival rates of surviving fetuses were 73.3％and 81.8％respectively,and there were no statistically significant differences.Compared with the spontaneous sIUFD group,the selective feticide group had a greater gestational week at delivery,and lower rate of preterm birth before 37 weeks,neonatal asphyxia,and early neonatal mortality.Using the gestational week at delivery as the outcome variable,Cox regression analysis showed that the mode of fetal death was not a risk factor affecting the gestational week at delivery of the surviving fetus,while gestational hypertension and the gestational week of fetal death were independent risk factors affecting the gestational week at delivery of the surviving fetus.Using preterm birth before 37 weeks,intrauterine death of the surviving fetus,and abnormal neonatal cranial ultrasound as outcome variables respectively,unconditional logistic regression analysis showed that the mode of fetal death,the gestational week of fetal death,the position of the dead fetus,and fetal complications were independent risk factors affecting the outcomes of the above-mentioned survi-ving fetuses.According to the results of the univariate analysis,the above risk factors were included in the multivariate regression analysis,and the results were the same as those of the univariate analysis.Conclusion:For MCDA twin pregnancy patients with severe twin-related complications,the prognosis of surviving fetuses after selective feticide is better.The proactive intrauterine intervention and treatment are of great significance for improving the prognosis of surviving fetuses.

Objective:To compare the pregnancy outcomes of surviving fetuses in monochorionic diam-niotic(MCDA)twin pregnancies after selective feticide or spontaneous single intrauterine fetal demise(sIUFD),and to explore the influencing factors of prognosis.Methods:A total of 219 cases of intra-uterine death of one fetus in MCDA twin pregnancies admitted to Peking University Third Hospital from September 2010 to August 2021 were collected.According to the mode of fetal death,they were divided into the spontaneous sIUFD group(120 cases)and the selective feticide group(99 cases).Data on the maternal conditions during pregnancy,the situation of the intrauterine-dead fetus,and pregnancy out-comes were collected for retrospective case-analysis.Results:The live-birth rates of surviving fetuses in the spontaneous sIUFD group and the selective feticide group were 85.0％and 81.8％respectively,and the total perinatal survival rates of surviving fetuses were 73.3％and 81.8％respectively,and there were no statistically significant differences.Compared with the spontaneous sIUFD group,the selective feticide group had a greater gestational week at delivery,and lower rate of preterm birth before 37 weeks,neonatal asphyxia,and early neonatal mortality.Using the gestational week at delivery as the outcome variable,Cox regression analysis showed that the mode of fetal death was not a risk factor affecting the gestational week at delivery of the surviving fetus,while gestational hypertension and the gestational week of fetal death were independent risk factors affecting the gestational week at delivery of the surviving fetus.Using preterm birth before 37 weeks,intrauterine death of the surviving fetus,and abnormal neonatal cranial ultrasound as outcome variables respectively,unconditional logistic regression analysis showed that the mode of fetal death,the gestational week of fetal death,the position of the dead fetus,and fetal complications were independent risk factors affecting the outcomes of the above-mentioned survi-ving fetuses.According to the results of the univariate analysis,the above risk factors were included in the multivariate regression analysis,and the results were the same as those of the univariate analysis.Conclusion:For MCDA twin pregnancy patients with severe twin-related complications,the prognosis of surviving fetuses after selective feticide is better.The proactive intrauterine intervention and treatment are of great significance for improving the prognosis of surviving fetuses.

Due to multiple factors such as the closed research and development (R&D) system and differences in international mainstream regulatory standards, the internationalization of Chinese patent medicines has been weakly promoted. Multi-case analysis based on grounded theory can identify the key factors that promote the internationalization of Chinese patent medicines in each link, so as to put forward suggestions for promoting the internationalization of Chinese patent medicines. By retrieving the research literature on the internationalization of Chinese patent medicines included in CNKI, and further searching the official websites of the corresponding enterprises, as well as the news reports, comments and analysis of related events on official websites such as Xinhua News Agency, People's Network and China Medical Device Network, 27 textual materials were obtained, 6 classic cases of international registration of Chinese patent medicines were summarized, and three-level coding was used to organize and analyze them level by level. 25 initial categories and 7 main categories were extracted, and 4 core categories were finally summarized: promote R&D and promotion in advantageous areas based on international needs, build a quality control system in line with the international standards, select appropriate national markets based on international demand, and carry out international collaborative R&D in the whole life cycle. Based on this, suggestions were put forward: in order to promote the internationalization process of Chinese patent medicines, priority disease types and product formulations should be determined based on demand during the drug discovery phase; full cycle international cooperation in drug R&D should be carried out; a Chinese patent medicines and simple preparations supervision system that is in line with the international standards in the link of drug quality supervision should be constructed; countries with flexible and experienced regulatory rules in the drug approval and marketing process should be chosen.

Accurate receptor/ligand binding free energy calculations can greatly accelerate drug discovery by identifying highly potent ligands. By simulating the change from one compound structure to another, the relative binding free energy (RBFE) change can be calculated based on the theoretically rigorous free energy perturbation (FEP) method. However, existing FEP-RBFE approaches may face convergence challenges due to difficulties in simulating non-physical intermediate states, which can lead to increased computational costs to obtain the converged results. To fundamentally overcome these issues and accelerate drug discovery, a new combined-structure RBFE (CS-FEP) calculation strategy was proposed, which solved the existing issues by constructing a new alchemical pathway, smoothed the alchemical transformation, increased the phase-space overlap between adjacent states, and thus significantly increased the convergence and accelerated the relative binding free energy calculations. This method was extensively tested in a practical drug discovery effort by targeting phosphodiesterase-1 (PDE1). Starting from a PDE1 inhibitor (compound 9, IC₅₀ = 16.8 μmol/L), the CS-FEP guided hit-to-lead optimizations resulted in a promising lead (11b and its mesylate salt formulation 11b-Mesylate, IC₅₀ = 7.0 nmol/L), with ∼2400-fold improved inhibitory activity. Further experimental studies revealed that the lead showed reasonable metabolic stability and significant anti-fibrotic effects in vivo.