Background: Speech audiometry is a widely used standard diagnostic method in the evaluation of hearing and auditory function. It requires word materials that are developed in the native language of the target population and that reflect its phonetic characteristics. Because the phonetic structure, pronunciation, and familiarity of words directly influence speech recognition, it is essential to use language-specific word lists that are phonetically balanced, uniformly distributed, and psychometrically validated to ensure the accuracy and reliability of testing. Therefore, there is a strong need to develop Mongolian bisyllabic word lists that are balanced in both phonetic and psychometric properties, which forms the basis of this study. Aim: To develop psychometrically balanced Mongolian bisyllabic word lists for use in speech audiometry and to evaluate their suitability for determining the Speech Recognition Threshold (SRT). Materials and Methods: Fifty-five commonly used and phonetically balanced Mongolian bisyllabic words were selected and recorded by a professional female speaker. The recordings were presented to 50 normal-hearing participants aged 18–29 years at ten intensity levels ranging from –4 to 14 dB HL in 2-dB steps. Based on participants’ responses, the 50% SRT and the 20–80% slope of the psychometric function for each word were calculated using logistic regression. Chi-square and one-way ANOVA analyses were performed to examine the equivalence between lists. On the basis of these results, two psychometrically balanced half-lists, each containing 25 words, were constructed, and digital level adjustments were applied to ensure uniform intensity. Result: The slopes of the psychometric functions for the two half-lists ranged from 11.2 to 11.6 %/dB. Chi-square and one-way ANOVA analyses showed no statistically significant differences between the two lists in terms of the 50% SRT and psychometric slope derived from logistic regression [χ²(24, N=50) = 2.21, p = 0.99; F(1,48) = 0.00895, p = 0.925]. The mean pure-tone average (PTA) threshold of the 50 normal-hearing participants was 2.23 dB HL with a standard deviation of 4.4 dB. The difference between PTA and SRT was less than 10 dB HL for all participants, which is within the clinically acceptable range. Conclusion The developed Mongolian bisyllabic word lists, consisting of two 25-word sets, are suitable for determining the Speech Recognition Threshold and can be reliably applied in clinical speech audiometry practice.

Introduction: According to the World Health Organization (WHO), by 2030, the number of deaths from cancer worldwide is estimated to reach 13.2 million. However, this number is expected to increase to 20.3 million due to population growth. As of 2018, liver cancer is the sixth most commonly diagnosed cancer and the fourth leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is one of the main causes of chronic liver disease, cirrhosis, and liver cancer.
HCV is estimated to infect 175 million people globally, accounting for 2.8–3% of the total population. About 20% of people infected with HCV progress to severe liver disease, sometimes requiring liver transplantation.
In our country, the prevalence of chronic hepatitis increased significantly between 2015 and 2019. In 2019, it accounted for 45.3% of the total liver diseases, an increase of 10.3 percentage points since 2015. When analyzing age groups, it is noteworthy that incidence increased by 3.2 times in children aged 0-9 years. Objectives of the study: To determine the level of ferritin in the blood of patients with hepatitis C virus infection and to assess its relationship with fatty liver. Research materials and methods: This study was conducted using a cross- sectional design. The data were collected before the initiation of anti-HCV treatment, and each participant underwent serum biochemical analysis to assess basic iron metabolism indicators such as ferritin and transferrin. Conclusion Of the 115 participants in the study, 27% (31) had elevated ferritin levels, while 73% (84) had normal levels. The mean ferritin level was 336±262 ng/ mL, indicating that a significant number of participants had elevated ferritin levels. This suggests that ferritin levels are increased in cases of liver cell inflammation and injury. Although biopsy-proven fatty liver disease was not present, 97.4% (112) of the participants had elevated blood lipid levels, and 94.6% of these had elevated ferritin levels. However, the chi-square test did not reveal a statistically significant difference (χ² = 0.170, p = 0.681). Additionally, 91.5% of participants with high HDL also had elevated ferritin, but the relationship was not statistically significant (p = 0.117).

Background: Class III malocclusion is considered to be one of the most difficult and complex orthodontic problems to treat. For patients whose orthodontic problems are so severe that neither growth modification nor camouflage offers solution, surgery to realign the jaws or reposition dentoalveolar segments is the only possible treatment option left. Aim: The treatment objectives were to: (1) level and align the dental arches; (2) obtain an ideal overbite and overjet, to establish correct anterior guidance; and (3) improve the facial profile. Case: Patient is present with skeletal Class III malocclusion, concave facial profile, facial proportion 0.96:1:1.04, loss of occlusion due to early molar teeth loss, molar and canine relationship were Class III, overbite 0 mm, overjet -1 mm, midline shifted into the 6 mm left side. Results: Excellent facial and occlusal results were achieved with this surgical-orthodontic management, post-treatment results showed a Class I relationship and ideal overjet and overbite. The facial profile became straight type. Conclusion This case report describes the treatment of a female with dental and skeletal class III relationships. Surgical- orthodontic treatment was the best option for achieving an acceptable occlusion and a good esthetic result in this case. An experienced multidisciplinary team approach ensures a satisfactory outcome.