Humans ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms ; China ; Quality Control ; Rare Diseases

Artificial Intelligence ; Forecasting ; Humans ; Rare Diseases ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/diagnosis*

Chilaiditi syndrome is an extremity rare disease that is typically asymptomatic, but can lead to fatal complications, such as volvulus, perforation, and bowel obstruction. This paper reports a case of an 80-year-old female patient who was admitted for right upper quadrant pain and nausea. She showed a positive Murphy sign with tenderness in the right upper quadrant area. Abdominal ultrasound showed that the gall bladder was normal, but abdominal computed tomography revealed multiple small bowel loops interposed among the liver and diaphragm, as well as an abrupt small transition in the bowel caliber with air fluid levels. Therefore, she was diagnosed with an acute small bowel obstruction by Chilaiditi syndrome. She was managed with surgical repair and was discharged without complications after 18 days of admission. Small bowel obstructions by Chilaiditi syndrome is one etiology of which every emergency physician should be aware.
Aged, 80 and over ; Chilaiditi Syndrome ; Diaphragm ; Emergencies ; Extremities ; Female ; Humans ; Intestinal Obstruction ; Intestinal Volvulus ; Intestine, Small ; Liver ; Nausea ; Rare Diseases ; Ultrasonography ; Urinary Bladder

Whole body ultrasound can be used to improve the speed and accuracy of evaluation of an increasing number of organ systems in the critically ill. Cardiac and abdominal ultrasound can be used to identify the mechanisms and etiology of hemodynamic instability. In hypoxemia or hypercarbia, lung ultrasound can rapidly identify the etiology of the condition with an accuracy that is equivalent to that of computed tomography. For encephalopathy, ocular ultrasound and transcranial Doppler can identify elevated intracranial pressure and midline shift. Renal and bladder ultrasound can identify the mechanisms and etiology of renal failure. Ultrasound can also improve the accuracy and safety of percutaneous procedures and should be currently used routinely for central vein catheterization and percutaneous tracheostomy.
Anoxia ; Brain Diseases ; Catheterization ; Catheters ; Critical Care ; Critical Illness ; Hemodynamics ; Intensive Care Units ; Intracranial Hypertension ; Lung ; Operating Rooms ; Renal Insufficiency ; Tracheostomy ; Ultrasonography ; Urinary Bladder ; Veins

OBJECTIVE: To explore the clinical efficacy of electroacupuncture nerve stimulation therapy (ENST) for interstitial cystitis/painful bladder syndrome (IC/PBS). METHODS: A total of 68 patients with IC/PBS were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group, 34 cases in each one. The patients in the observation group were treated with ENST; abdominal four acupoints and sacral four acupoints were connected with a pair of electrodes and treated alternately every other day. The ENST was given 50 min per times, three times a week for 3 months. The patients in the control group were treated with perfusion therapy of four-medication combination (heparin sodinm, lidocaine, sodium bicarbonate, gentamicin sulfate), twice a week for the first 6-8 weeks, followed by twice per month for 3 months. The infusion fluid remained for 1 h before discharging. The O' Leary-Sant score, including interstitial cystitis symptom index (ICSI) and interstitial cystitis problem index (ICPI), 24 h urination frequency, visual analogue scale (VAS) and maximum bladder volume were observed before treatment and treatment of 1 month, 3 months and 6 months after treatment respectively; the adverse events during the treatment were also recorded. RESULTS: Compared before treatment, the O'Leary-Sant score (ICSI, ICPI), 24 h urination frequency, VAS and maximum bladder volume in the two groups were improved after 1, 3 months treatment and 6 months after treatment (all <0.05). The scores of ICSI, ICPI, VAS and 24 h urination frequency in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group (<0.05). The maximum bladder volume in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group (<0.05). Six months after treatment, the total effective rate in the observation group was 87.5% (28/32), which was higher than 69.7% (23/33) in the control group (<0.01). No significant adverse events occurred during the treatment. CONCLUSION ENST could effectively relieve the clinical symptoms of IC/PBS, but its long-term efficacy needs further observation.
Cystitis, Interstitial ; therapy ; Electroacupuncture ; Humans ; Pain ; Pain Management ; Treatment Outcome ; Urinary Bladder Diseases ; therapy

STUDY DESIGN: Multicenter, prospective study. PURPOSE: To investigate the effects of diabetes mellitus (DM) on surgical outcomes in patients with cervical myelopathy. OVERVIEW OF LITERATURE: To date, few studies have investigated the influence of postoperative blood glucose or glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels on surgical outcomes. METHODS: The participants were patients who underwent surgery for the treatment of cervical spondylotic myelopathy and ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament. The 61 cases were evaluated preoperatively and 1 year postoperatively using the Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) scores and the JOA Cervical Myelopathy Evaluation Questionnaire (JOACMEQ). The study variables included fasting blood glucose and HbA1c levels measured preoperatively and at 1 week, 4 weeks, and 1 year postoperatively; the F-wave conduction velocity, latency, rate of occurrence, and M-wave latency in the ulnar and tibial nerves were measured preoperatively and at 1 year postoperatively. The patients were divided into a group without diabetes (N group, 42 patients) and a group with diabetes (DM group, 19 patients). We then assessed the associations between the surgical outcomes and each of the study variables. RESULTS: JOA scores significantly improved in both groups; however, no significant between-group differences were found. There was no significant improvement in the JOACMEQ scores, which assessed cervical function, upper and lower limb function, and bladder function in both groups. We then subdivided the DM group into those with a good control of HbA1c after 1 year (DMG group, 12 patients) and those with HbA1c deterioration after 1 year (DMB group, seven patients), prior to comparing the surgical outcomes. The JOACMEQ scores for upper and lower limb function significantly improved in the DMG group (p<0.01). Compared with the DMB group, there were no significant increases in upper or lower limb function scores in the DMG group. CONCLUSIONS: Poor glycemic control might prevent postoperative functional recovery of the spinal cord.
Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Blood Glucose ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Electromyography ; Fasting ; Hemoglobin A, Glycosylated ; Humans ; Longitudinal Ligaments ; Lower Extremity ; Neck ; Prospective Studies ; Spinal Cord ; Spinal Cord Compression ; Spinal Cord Diseases ; Tibial Nerve ; Treatment Outcome ; Urinary Bladder

PURPOSE: To assess the urodynamic findings in patients with Parkinson disease (PD) with overactive bladder symptoms. METHODS: We performed a retrospective chart review of all PD patients who were seen in an outpatient clinic for lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) between 2010 and 2017 in a single-institution. Only patients who complained of overactive bladder (OAB) symptoms and underwent a video-urodynamic study for these symptoms were included. We excluded patients with neurological disorders other than PD and patients with voiding LUTS but without OAB symptoms. RESULTS: We included 42 patients (29 men, 13 women, 74.5±8.1 years old). Seven patients (16.7%) had a postvoid residual (PVR) bladder volume >100 mL and only one reported incomplete bladder emptying. Detrusor overactivity (DO) was found in all 42 patients (100%) and was terminal in 19 (45.2%) and phasic in 22 patients (52.4%). Eighteen patients had detrusor underactivity (DU) (42.3%). Later age of PD diagnosis was the only parameter associated with DU (P=0.02). Patients with bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) were younger than patients without BOO (70.1 years vs. 76.5 years, P=0.004), had later first sensation of bladder filling (173.5 mL vs. 120.3 mL, P=0.02) and first involuntary detrusor contraction (226.4 mL vs. 130.4 mL, P=0.009). CONCLUSIONS: DO is almost universal in all patients with PD complaining of OAB symptoms (97.1%). However, a significant percentage of patients also had BOO (36.8%), DU (47%), and increased PVR (16.7%) indicating that neurogenic DO may not be the only cause of OAB symptoms in PD patients.
Ambulatory Care Facilities ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms ; Male ; Nervous System Diseases ; Parkinson Disease ; Parkinsonian Disorders ; Retrospective Studies ; Sensation ; Urinary Bladder ; Urinary Bladder Neck Obstruction ; Urinary Bladder, Overactive ; Urinary Incontinence ; Urodynamics

Epiduroscopy is defined as a percutaneous, minimally invasive endoscopic investigation of the epidural space. Periduroscopy is currently used mainly as a diagnostic tool to directly visualize epidural adhesions in patients with failed back surgery syndrome (FBSS), and as a therapeutic action in patients with low back pain by accurately administering drugs, releasing inflammation, washing the epidural space, and mechanically releasing the scars displayed. Considering epiduroscopy a minimally invasive technique should not lead to underestimating its potential complications. The purpose of this review is to summarize and explain the mechanisms of the side effects strictly related to the technique itself, leaving aside complications considered typical for any kind of extradural procedure (e.g. adverse reactions due to the administration of drugs or bleeding) and not fitting the usual concept of epiduroscopy for which the data on its real usefulness are still lacking. The most frequent complications and side effects of epiduroscopy can be summarized as non-persistent post-procedural low back and/or leg discomfort/pain, transient neurological symptoms (headache, hearing impairment, paresthesia), dural puncture with or without post dural puncture headache (PDPH), post-procedural visual impairment with retinal hemorrhage, encephalopathy resulting in rhabdomyolysis due to a dural tear, intradural cyst, as well as neurogenic bladder and seizures. We also report for first time, to our knowledge, a case of symptomatic pneumocephalus after epiduroscopy, and try to explain the reason for this event and the precautions to avoid this complication.
Brain Diseases ; Cicatrix ; Epidural Space ; Failed Back Surgery Syndrome ; Hearing Loss ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Leg ; Low Back Pain ; Paresthesia ; Pharmaceutical Preparations ; Pneumocephalus ; Post-Dural Puncture Headache ; Punctures ; Retinal Hemorrhage ; Rhabdomyolysis ; Seizures ; Tears ; Tissue Adhesions ; Urinary Bladder, Neurogenic ; Vision Disorders

Diabetic autonomic neuropathy (DAN) is a serious and common complication of diabetes, although it is often overlooked. Abnormal autonomic function tests are often found in peoples with diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Autonomic neuropathies affect the autonomic neurons (parasympathetic, sympathetic, or both) and are associated with a variety of site-specific symptoms. The symptoms and signs of DAN should be elicited carefully during the medical history and physical examination. Major clinical manifestations of DAN include hypoglycemia unawareness, resting tachycardia, orthostatic hypotension, gastroparesis, constipation, diarrhea, fecal incontinence, erectile dysfunction, neurogenic bladder, and sudomotor dysfunction with either increased or decreased sweating. When a patient has signs and symptoms of DAN, various autonomic function tests should be performed. Recognition and management of DAN may improve symptoms, reduce sequelae, and improve quality of life. Clinically relevant diabetic autonomic neuropathies such as cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, genitourinary, and sudomotor dysfunction should be considered in the optimal care of patients with diabetes. The present review summarizes the latest knowledge regarding clinical presentation, diagnosis, and management of DAN.
Constipation ; Diabetic Neuropathies* ; Diagnosis* ; Diarrhea ; Erectile Dysfunction ; Fecal Incontinence ; Gastroparesis ; Humans ; Hypoglycemia ; Hypotension, Orthostatic ; Male ; Neurons ; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases ; Physical Examination ; Quality of Life ; Sweat ; Sweating ; Tachycardia ; Urinary Bladder, Neurogenic

Although gravid uterine incarceration is typically diagnosed during the early second trimester, we encountered two unusual cases in early pregnancy. A 34-year-old multiparous woman with adenomyosis presented at 7 + 2 weeks of gestation with increased urinary frequency and a sensation of incomplete bladder emptying. The uterine incarceration was successfully reduced by manual reduction and pessary insertion, and she delivered a normal infant at term. In the second case, a 31-year-old nulliparous woman with a large myoma complained of dysuria, acute urinary retention, and intense back pain at 6 weeks of gestation. Manual reduction was successful in the knee-chest position. Subsequent pessary insertion failed; however, a slight reduction in pain was achieved. After a week, the fetus spontaneously aborted. In summary, gravid uterine incarceration is a rare but potentially fatal condition for the fetus, and a suspicion of this condition in patients with urinary symptoms, especially urinary retention and pelvic pain, is important in the early gestation period.
Adenomyosis* ; Adult ; Back Pain ; Dysuria ; Female ; Fetus ; Humans ; Infant ; Knee-Chest Position ; Myoma* ; Pelvic Pain ; Pessaries ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Trimester, Second ; Sensation ; Urinary Bladder ; Urinary Retention ; Uterine Diseases ; Uterus*