Background: Cancer is not only a physiological disease but also a complex condition that profoundly affects an individual’s psychological well-being and social relationships. Misconceptions about cancer within the public, including its association with death and the tendency to attribute blame to patients as being “personally responsible,” contribute to the development of social stigma among cancer survivors. This stigma negatively impacts patients’ engagement in treatment and their quality of life, highlighting the need to assess societal attitudes based on survivors’ lived experiences. Aim: To examine the everyday lived experiences of cancer survivors, measure perceived social stigma, and identify psychological challenges as well as sources of support. Materials and Methods: A mixed-methods design was employed. In the quantitative component, the Cancer Stigma Scale (CASS) and the Attitudes Toward Cancer Questionnaire (ATCQ) were translated and their content validity was evaluated by an expert panel using the Content Validity Index (CVI), followed by pilot testing to confirm feasibility (FVI). In the qualitative component, focus group discussions were conducted with cancer survivors, and coping ability was assessed using psychological assessment tools. Result: A total of 207 participants (68% female; mean age 33.82±13.7 years) were included in the quantitative study. Participants experienced a moderate level of cancer-related stigma, with negative attitudes most strongly associated with perceptions of disease severity and individual responsibility. Qualitative findings revealed that physician communication and family support played a decisive role in psychological responses at the time of diagnosis disclosure. Excessive sympathy or social distancing increased psychological distress, whereas normal interpersonal interaction and realistic encouragement were identified as the most effective forms of support. Conclusion To improve psychosocial support for cancer survivors, it is essential to enhance healthcare professionals’ communication skills, promote accurate public understanding of cancer, and strengthen the sustainability of survivor support group activities.

Early detection of bronchial asthma in children and establishment of a national continuous monitoring system Introduction: Bronchial asthma - a chronic inflammatory disease with recurrent allergic reactions characterized by increased sensitivity of the bronchi to various factors, swelling of the bronchial mucosa, excessive mucus secretion, and narrowing of the airways due to severe muscle contraction. Early detection of bronchial asthma in childhood, its prevalence, and the establishment of a continuous monitoring system to assess the effectiveness of follow-up treatment Materials and methods: It is mild in children, but is ready to be severe. If left untreated for a long time, the structure of the bronchi changes irreversibly and becomes ineffective. There are cases of death due to risk factors for irritability and asthma. In the first objective of the study, the National Center for Maternal and Child Health (NCMCH) Children's Counseling Polyclinic, Respiratory Pathology Department, and the Children's Department of the General Hospital of 21 aimags and 9 districts were used to determine the prevalence of Acute respiratory infections, implemented outpatient (2019-2021). Within the scope of objectives 2 and 3 of the study, a self-controlled case-control study model was used to assess the diagnosis of asthma in the case group based on the GINA-2018 guideline evaluation and clinical and laboratory tests based on the GINA protocol treatment. The parameters were taken, the pre-treatment parameters were recorded and compared in the control group, and the results were calculated. Results: When the prevalence was determined by the Acute respiratory infections level, there were 11 cases per 1,000 children. 80.8% of cases of asthma were caused by asthma 1-5 times a year, and the majority or 96.5% were aged 0-9 years. Allergies include plant (42.9%), food (25.4%), and pet (14.3%) allergies under the age of 4, all types of allergies between the ages of 5-14, and plant allergies 15-19 years, (9%), food (21.4%), pet (14.3%), environmental moisture and mold allergies (14.3%). Among the 89 children treated according to GINA guidelines, 64.0% used spices or allergenic foods, 13.5% used antibiotics, 6.7% used paracetamol, and 13.5% used other drugs. Children with asthma were assessed according to GINA guidelines and monitored and treated for 1 year (0.0001), the number of cases of asthma (p = 0.035) and the number of people receiving emergency care (p = 0.042) decreased statistically. There was a statistically significant difference of 2%, nocturnal cough decreased by 15.2%, and whooping cough decreased by 1.4%. Conclusions: The prevalence of asthma was 11 cases per 1,000 children. The main causes of allergies are plants, food and pets. The number of coughs, hospitalizations and emergency room visits decreased with GINA treatment.

Result the subtypes and effectiveness of functional endoscopic sinus surgery(FESS) using a microdebrider Introduction: Chronic rhinitis in children has been on the rise in recent years, and polyps account for the majority of benign nasal cancers in children. Surgery is necessary when drug treatment is ineffective. We use pediatric rhinoplasty. Aimed at calculating the subtypes and effectiveness of Functional endoscopic sinus surgery(FESS) using a microdebrider. Material and methods: The survey was conducted between March and April 2020, based on the Otolaryngology Surgery Department of the National Center for Maternal and Child Health, using the cross-section of analytical design under Objectives 1 and 2 and the longitudinal design under Objective 3. Under Objectives 1 and 2, participants' information was collected from a pre-prepared questionnaire from their medical history. The questionnaire has four chapters that provide general information about the patient, clinical signs, surgical structure, and biopsy results. The pain was assessed by the “Sino-Nasal Outcome Test (SNOT-20)”. A total of 98 patients were included in the statistical analysis of the survey results using the STATA 15.0 program, and the results of the surgery were evaluated by 20 patients. Results: In children with chronic rhinitis, the SNOT20 test showed a statistically significant difference of 1.6 ± 0.6 before surgery and an average of 0.51 ± 0.11 after surgery. Conclusion: In chronic rhinitis, FESS with microdebrider surgery is an effective treatment for children.