Objective To study the effects of the intelligent hearing-assistive system incorporated in Nuro-tron cochlear implants(CI),including the autonomic acoustic scene recognition(ASR),intelligent strategy config-uration as well as the objective and subjective hearing improvements on recipients.Methods ① To evaluate the per-formance of the ASR matule,in a sound-proof room,the preset five kinds of test audios,including speech,noise,speech in noise,pure music(without human voice)and non-pure Music(with human voice)were played.Each type of scenes included 6 to 9 5 min test files.The prediction accuracy and scene switching times were calculated.② In order to evaluate the noise-reduction performance of the ABeam technology in the speech enhancement module,13 Nurotron? CI recipients were recruited and their speech recognition rate when ABeam was"ON"and"OFF"with noise coming from 90°,180°or 270°were tested,individually.Also,their subjective hearing feedback was evaluated through visual analogue scale(VAS)evaluation.Results The ASR module achieved high prediction performance,with prediction accuracy 99％±4％,96％±9％,94％±12％,94％±15％,92％±13％for speech,noise,noisy speech,pure music and non-pure music,respectively.The scene transation times for each individual scene were 1.1 ±0.3,1.4±0.7,1.3±0.5,1.4±0.8 and 1.3±0.5,indicating that the prediction was also stable.When noise came from the sides and behind of recipients and speech signal from the front,the adaptive dual microphone noise re-duction algorithm ABeam significantly increased the speech recognition score(SRS)in 5 dB signal-to-noise(SNR)environment(P＜0.001),with an average increase of 15.92％.Especially when the noise came from 180 degree backward,the SRS increased 28.68％when ABeam was"0N",which was significantly higher than when ABeam was"OFF"(P＜0.01).Conclusion The intelligent hearing-assistive system can help CI recipients automatically configure appropriate SPSs under different environments,improving the speech intelligibility and hearing comfort.

Objective To investigate the prevalence of Echinococcus infections in small rodents around human residential areas in Yushu City, Qinghai Province in 2023, so as to provide insights into precision echinococcosis control. Methods One or two quadrats, each measuring 50 m × 50 m, were randomly assigned in Shanglaxiu Township and Longbao Township, Yushu City, Qinghai Province on June 2023, respectively, and 300 plate-type mouse traps, each measuring 12.0 cm × 6.5 cm, were assigned in each quadrat. Small rodents were captured during the period between 10 : 00 and 18 : 00 each day for 4 days. Then, all captured small rodents were identified and dissected, and liver specimens with suspected Echinococcus infections were subjected to pathological examinations. The Echinococcus cytochrome c oxidase 1 (cox1) gene was amplified using PCR assay, and the sequence of the amplified product was aligned to that was recorded in the GenBank to characterize the parasite species. In addition, a phylogenetic tree of Echinococcus was generated based on the cox1 gene sequence using the neighbor-joining method. Results A total of 236 small rodents were captured in Shanglaxiu and Longbao townships, Yushu City, including 65 Qinghai voles and 51 plateau pikas in Shanglaxiu Township, and 62 Qinghai voles and 58 plateau pikas in Longbao Township, and there was no significant difference in the constituent ratio of small rodents between the two townships (χ² = 0.294, P > 0.05). Seven plateau pikas and 12 Qinghai voles were suspected to be infected with Echinococcus by dissection, and pathological examinations showed unclear structure of hepatic lobules and disordered hepatocyte arrangement in livers of small rodents suspected of Echinococcus infections. PCR assay identified E. shiquicus DNA in 7 Qinghai voles, which were all captured from Shanglaxiu Township. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the cox1 gene sequence of Echinococcus in small rodents was highly homologous to the E. shiquicus cox1 gene sequence reported previously. Conclusion Plateau pika and Qinghai vole were predominant small rodents around human residential areas in Yushu City, Qinghai Province in 2023, and E. shiquicus infection was detected in Qinghai voles.

Objective:To analyze the clinical phenotypic characteristics, muscle pathology, genetic mutations and related proteins of myofibrillar myopathy 3 caused by mutation in MYOT gene, and to conduct a literature review and summary of this disease. Methods:A retrospective analysis of the clinical phenotypic characteristics, muscle pathology and genetic test results of a patient with myofibrillar myopathy 3 caused by mutation in MYOT gene diagnosed in Qilu Hospital of Shandong University in December 2018 was conducted. Whole exon sequencing was applied to conduct high-throughput screening of pathogenic genes in the patient. After finding candidate pathogenic mutation, Sanger sequencing was applied to verify the mutation sites in the patient and family members. Meanwhile, functional verification was carried out on the mutation sites found in MYOT gene, and the relevant literature was reviewed. Results:The patient was a 47-year-old woman with weakness in her lower limbs for 8 years. Electromyography showed myogenic changes. The muscle pathology suggested that there was deposition of abnormal substances and rimmed vacuoles within some muscle fibers. Gene testing showed that the patient was a carrier of the MYOT gene c.170C>T (p.Thr57Ile) heterozygous mutation, and her son and daughter also carried the same mutation at the same site. The son of the patient had an elevated creatine kinase level and spontaneous potential was occasionally observed on electromyography, while the daughter had no abnormalities. Two younger brothers did not carry the mutation. Protein functional studies suggested that the mutation of MYOT gene c.170C>T mutation can lead to the change of partial spatial structure of myotilin, and the abnormal aggregation of p62 protein and myotilin was involved in the pathogenesis of the disease. Literature review revealed that c.170C>T (p.Thr57Ile) mutation has only been reported in foreign populations. This is the first detailed report on the clinical phenotype, muscle pathology and gene function of MYOT-related myofibrillar myopathy type 3 in China. Conclusions:The clinical manifestations of myofibrillar myopathy type 3 caused by MYOT gene mutation are heterogeneous, mainly manifested as muscle weakness in the distal or proximal extremities. Muscle pathology reveals abnormal protein deposits and rimmed vacuoles within some muscle fibers. Accurate diagnosis of the disease depends on gene detection. The co-localization of p62 protein and myotilin protein provides a new idea for the diagnosis and molecular mechanism research of the disease.

ObjectiveTo establish a neuroinflammation-based obesity and depression comorbidity （COM） model in mice and explore the pharmacodynamics and preliminary pharmacological mechanism of tripterine on COM mice. MethodC57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into a normal group （Chow）， a diet-induced obesity group （DIO）， and a COM group. The mice in the COM group were fed on a high-fat diet and chronically stressed with moist litter for 12 weeks to establish the COM model. C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into a Chow group， a COM group， and a tumor necrosis factor-α（TNF-α） knock-down group. In the TNF-α knock-down group， TNF-α shRNA adeno-associated virus was injected into the amygdala through brain stereotaxis， and the expression of TNF-α in the amygdala was down-regulated. C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into a Chow group， a DIO group， a DIO + low-dose tripterine group （0.5 mg·kg^-1）， a DIO + high-dose tripterine group （1.0 mg·kg^-1）， a COM group， a COM + low-dose tripterine group （0.5 mg·kg^-1）， and a COM + high-dose tripterine group （1.0 mg·kg^-1）. The body weight， food intake， glucose tolerance， white/brown fat ratio， serum total cholesterol （TC）， triglyceride （TG）， and high-/low-density lipoprotein cholesterol （HDL-C and LDL-C） content were recorded， and obesity of mice in each group was evaluated. Forced swimming test （FST）， tail suspension test （TST）， and open field test were used to evaluate the degree of depression of mice in each group. Immunofluorescence staining was used to detect the protein expression levels of neuropeptide Y， tryptophan hydroxylase 2 （TPH2）， and brain-derived neurotrophic factor （BDNF） in various brain nuclei of mice. Correlation analysis was used to detect the correlation of obesity and depression indexes. ResultThe comparison of the Chow group and the DIO group indicated that COM mice showed obesity and depression. To be specific， obesity was manifested as increased body weight and food intake （P<0.05， P<0.01）， as well as increased NPY expression in the central amygdala， and depression was manifested as prolonged immobility time in FST and TST （P<0.01）， and reduced TPH2-positive 5-hydroxytryptamine neurons in the dorsal raphe nucleus （DRN） and basolateral nucleus of the amygdala （BLA）. The down-regulation of TNF-α protein in BLA of COM mice shortened the immobility time in FST and TST （P<0.05， P<0.01）， increased TPH2/BDNF-positive neurons in BLA， and showed no significant changes in obesity. In DIO mice， the administration of 0.5 mg·kg^-1 tripterine for 9 days significantly decreased the 60 min blood glucose in glucose tolerance （P<0.01） and food intake （P<0.05）. In COM mice， 1.0 mg·kg^-1 tripterine was administered for 14 days to significantly decrease 30 min blood glucose in glucose tolerance （P<0.01）， and food intake （P<0.05）， and immobility time in TST （P<0.01）， increase TPH2-BDNF double-labeled cells in BLA and DRN， and reduce the area of TMEM119-stained cells. ConclusionThe model of obesity and depression comorbidity can be properly induced in mice under the condition of dual stress of energy environment. Tripterine can effectively interfere with obesity-depression comorbidity， and its mechanism may be related to the inhibition of central nervous system inflammation.

Objective:This paper briefly reviewed the literature related to skin flaps published in Chinese Journal of Plastic Surgery ( CJPS) and Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery ( PRS) in recent five years (from January 2016 to December 2020) to compare the similarities and differences between these two journals and to direct future research. Methods:In May of 2021, literature with "flap" as the keyword in the titles and abstracts published in CJPS and PRS in recent five years were searched. Related literature published by CJPS were searched by Wanfang Data and CNKI database, and that of PRS were searched by PubMed and Scopus database. After removing the repetitive literature, the titles and abstracts were read to exclude the non-flap studies and non-original articles. By reading the full text and using bibliometrics, the total number of papers published, the number of papers on flap research, the level of evidence-based medicine evidence, the nationality and organization distribution of the authors, the type of flaps, the application of flaps, and new technologies were comprehensively analyzed. Results:The total number of papers published by CJPS in recent five years was 1 116, and 244 were included in this study. The total number of articles published in PRS in the same period was 4 562, and 268 were included in this study. Most of the articles published in PRS are from American authors. The number of articles published by Chinese authors is in the second place. In the past five years, authors from the mainland of China published 21 papers in PRS. Most of the articles published by CJPS are about the pedicle flap, while PRS is about the free flap. CJPS published more articles about the traditional flaps than perforator flaps, and PRS did the opposite. CJPS published articles mainly on the local flap, anterolateral thigh flap, and peroneal artery perforator flap, while PRS focused on the inferior epigastric artery perforator fibula bone or osteocutaneous flap, and anterolateral thigh flap. The indication of flap surgery reported by CJPS is the reconstruction of various defects, while the flaps reported by PRS are mainly used in breast reconstruction and other fields. In addition, computer-aided imaging, indocyanine green angiography, propeller flap, multilobed flap, and other new technologies and concepts have been widely reported in the literature related to skin flaps published in CPJS and PRS. Conclusions:In the recent five years, the flap research in China has been at the leading international level and has certain competitiveness. However, the study in China is limited to reporting clinical experience, and the level of evidence-based medicine is relatively low, so there is still a certain gap with the international frontier research.

Objective:This paper briefly reviewed the literature related to skin flaps published in Chinese Journal of Plastic Surgery ( CJPS) and Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery ( PRS) in recent five years (from January 2016 to December 2020) to compare the similarities and differences between these two journals and to direct future research. Methods:In May of 2021, literature with "flap" as the keyword in the titles and abstracts published in CJPS and PRS in recent five years were searched. Related literature published by CJPS were searched by Wanfang Data and CNKI database, and that of PRS were searched by PubMed and Scopus database. After removing the repetitive literature, the titles and abstracts were read to exclude the non-flap studies and non-original articles. By reading the full text and using bibliometrics, the total number of papers published, the number of papers on flap research, the level of evidence-based medicine evidence, the nationality and organization distribution of the authors, the type of flaps, the application of flaps, and new technologies were comprehensively analyzed. Results:The total number of papers published by CJPS in recent five years was 1 116, and 244 were included in this study. The total number of articles published in PRS in the same period was 4 562, and 268 were included in this study. Most of the articles published in PRS are from American authors. The number of articles published by Chinese authors is in the second place. In the past five years, authors from the mainland of China published 21 papers in PRS. Most of the articles published by CJPS are about the pedicle flap, while PRS is about the free flap. CJPS published more articles about the traditional flaps than perforator flaps, and PRS did the opposite. CJPS published articles mainly on the local flap, anterolateral thigh flap, and peroneal artery perforator flap, while PRS focused on the inferior epigastric artery perforator fibula bone or osteocutaneous flap, and anterolateral thigh flap. The indication of flap surgery reported by CJPS is the reconstruction of various defects, while the flaps reported by PRS are mainly used in breast reconstruction and other fields. In addition, computer-aided imaging, indocyanine green angiography, propeller flap, multilobed flap, and other new technologies and concepts have been widely reported in the literature related to skin flaps published in CPJS and PRS. Conclusions:In the recent five years, the flap research in China has been at the leading international level and has certain competitiveness. However, the study in China is limited to reporting clinical experience, and the level of evidence-based medicine is relatively low, so there is still a certain gap with the international frontier research.

Objective To evaluate the effect of an inverse planning simulated annealing (IPSA) in the treatment of cervical cancer with combined intracavitary and interstitial three-dimensional brachytherapy.Methods A total of 60 patients with locally advanced cervical cancer who received both external beam radiotherapy and combined intracavitary and interstitial brachytherapy in our hospital from October 2016 to July 2018 were enrolled.Patients were divided into four groups with 15 patients each according to the number of needles applied (1,2,3,and 4 needles,respectively).Dosimetric distributions were optimized with both Graphical optimization (GRO) and IPSA.Paired t-test was applied to compare the dosimetric differences between plans optimized with GRO and IPSA.Results The Dg0 and V100 of IPSA plans were higher than those of GRO (t=-4.742,-4.823,P＜0.05),while the conformity index (CI) and conformal index (COIN) were slightly lower than those of GRO plans (t=9.642,8.783,P＜0.05).No significant difference in the V150,V200,V300 between IPSA and GRO (P＞0.05) was observed.There was also no significant difference in the D2cm3 of bladder and rectum between IPSA and GRO (P＞0.05).The difference of Dg0 between IPSA and GRO was increased as the number of implanted needles increased,which increased from 4 cGy to 14 cGy as the number of needle increased from 1 to 4.The difference of V100 between GRO and IPSA was also increased as the number of needle increased.Conclusions In the treatment of cervical cancer with combined intracavitary and interstitial threedimensional brachytherapy,IPSA plan could improve the target coverage(D90,V100)without increasing the dose to the OARs and high dose region in the target compared with GRO.With the numbers of needles increased,the advantage of IPSA increased in terms of target coverage.

[Objective] To compare the disinfection effect of different disinfectants on disinfection effect of laryngeal endoscope,and seek for a more safe and effective disinfectant for laryngeal endoscope.[Methods] 180 laryngeal endoscope were divided into three groups with 60 of them in each group.Acidic electrolyzed oxidizing water(AEOW),2％ glutaraldehyde and orthophthalaldehyde were used for disinfection.Three minutes and five minutes after disinfection,the samples were got and underwent bacterial detection.The disinfection effect after three minutes and five minutes was compared.[Results] The qualified rate of disinfection and cost between AEOW,2％ glutaraldehyde and orthophthalaldehyde showed distinct difference.[Conclusions] Using acidic electrolyzed oxidizing water in the disinfection of laryngeal endoscope has advantages of fast,effective,low-cost,which can be applied in the clinical work.

Un-transfected rabbit corneal endothelial cells (RCECs) were cultivated, using chitosan blend membrane 4ha (chitosan-hyaluronic acid), 631ha (chitosan-hyaluronic acid) and 631s (chitosan-chondroitine sulfate) as scaffold carriers. Their biocompatibilities were studied in regard to cell adherence, morphological changes, growth status and monolayer forming abilities. The results indicated that RCECs cultivated on 4ha and 631ha carriers tended to be aggregated and even desquamated to some extent in local areas, and even more severely on 631ha carrier. And the RCECs cultivated on 631ha carrier could form almost a monolayer 48h later, and those on 4ha carrier could not. Contrarily, the RCECs cultivated on 631s carrier were evenly distributed and were in good status of growth with a good adherence and fibroblast-like morphology which could form almost a monolayer 48h later. And a complete monolayer was formed and was tightly attached to the 631s carrier 72h later. From the above results, it can be concluded that 631s carrier is most probably an ideal scaffold carrier for RCEC cultivation. 631s carrier may have the potential for use in the development of tissue-engineered rabbit corneal endothelium.
Animals ; Biocompatible Materials ; chemistry ; Cell Adhesion ; Cell Culture Techniques ; Cell Line ; Cells, Cultured ; Chitosan ; chemistry ; Endothelium, Corneal ; cytology ; Hyaluronic Acid ; chemistry ; Membranes, Artificial ; Rabbits ; Tissue Engineering ; methods ; Tissue Scaffolds ; chemistry

Objective To investigate the rehabilitation of pelvis disarticulation amputees.Methods A case report.Results and Conclusion Rehabilitation engineering,assisted with physical therapy,can rebuild hemicorporectomy amputees' standing and walking ability,make them look as normal as possible,help them return to the society.